NSG 5240 Advanced Pharmacology Final
Practice Exam Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales, South College
1. Which of the following drugs is classified as a selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)?
a. Amitriptyline
b. Fluoxetine
c. Phenelzine
d. Bupropion
Rationale: SSRIs, like fluoxetine, selectively inhibit serotonin reuptake,
increasing serotonin levels in the synaptic cleft.
2. A patient on warfarin therapy should avoid which of the following
foods?
a. Apples
b. Leafy green vegetables
c. Bananas
d. Rice
Rationale: Leafy green vegetables are high in vitamin K, which can
antagonize warfarin and reduce its anticoagulant effect.
, 3. Which medication is the first-line treatment for an acute asthma
attack?
a. Montelukast
b. Salmeterol
c. Albuterol
d. Prednisone
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist, providing rapid
bronchodilation during acute asthma attacks.
4. The primary adverse effect of ACE inhibitors is:
a. Hypokalemia
b. Cough
c. Bradycardia
d. Hyperglycemia
Rationale: ACE inhibitors increase bradykinin levels, which can lead to a
persistent dry cough.
5. Which antibiotic is contraindicated in pregnancy due to risk of fetal
teeth discoloration?
a. Penicillin
b. Tetracycline
c. Cephalexin
d. Azithromycin
Rationale: Tetracyclines bind to calcium in developing teeth and bones,
causing discoloration and growth inhibition.
6. A patient receiving digoxin should have serum levels monitored
, because:
a. It is rapidly metabolized in the liver
b. It has a narrow therapeutic index
c. It is highly protein-bound
d. It causes tachycardia
Rationale: Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic window, making serum
monitoring essential to avoid toxicity.
7. Which class of drugs is most effective in treating chronic heart failure
by reducing mortality?
a. Beta-blockers
b. Loop diuretics
c. ACE inhibitors
d. Calcium channel blockers
Rationale: ACE inhibitors improve survival in chronic heart failure by
reducing afterload and inhibiting maladaptive remodeling.
8. Which antipsychotic is least likely to cause extrapyramidal symptoms?
a. Haloperidol
b. Fluphenazine
c. Clozapine
d. Chlorpromazine
Rationale: Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic with lower risk of EPS due to
balanced dopamine and serotonin receptor activity.
9. Which of the following is a common adverse effect of loop diuretics?
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Hypertension
, c. Hypokalemia
d. Bradycardia
Rationale: Loop diuretics increase potassium excretion, leading to
hypokalemia.
10. A patient develops angioedema after starting an ACE inhibitor.
The nurse should:
a. Reassure the patient and continue the drug
b. Discontinue the ACE inhibitor and notify the provider
c. Switch to a beta-blocker
d. Monitor and increase the dose
Rationale: Angioedema is a serious, potentially life-threatening reaction to
ACE inhibitors and requires immediate discontinuation.
11. Which medication is used as an antidote for acetaminophen
overdose?
a. Naloxone
b. N-acetylcysteine
c. Atropine
d. Flumazenil
Rationale: N-acetylcysteine replenishes glutathione, detoxifying the
hepatotoxic metabolite of acetaminophen.
12. Which anticoagulant works by directly inhibiting thrombin?
a. Warfarin
b. Heparin
c. Dabigatran
d. Aspirin
Practice Exam Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales, South College
1. Which of the following drugs is classified as a selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)?
a. Amitriptyline
b. Fluoxetine
c. Phenelzine
d. Bupropion
Rationale: SSRIs, like fluoxetine, selectively inhibit serotonin reuptake,
increasing serotonin levels in the synaptic cleft.
2. A patient on warfarin therapy should avoid which of the following
foods?
a. Apples
b. Leafy green vegetables
c. Bananas
d. Rice
Rationale: Leafy green vegetables are high in vitamin K, which can
antagonize warfarin and reduce its anticoagulant effect.
, 3. Which medication is the first-line treatment for an acute asthma
attack?
a. Montelukast
b. Salmeterol
c. Albuterol
d. Prednisone
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist, providing rapid
bronchodilation during acute asthma attacks.
4. The primary adverse effect of ACE inhibitors is:
a. Hypokalemia
b. Cough
c. Bradycardia
d. Hyperglycemia
Rationale: ACE inhibitors increase bradykinin levels, which can lead to a
persistent dry cough.
5. Which antibiotic is contraindicated in pregnancy due to risk of fetal
teeth discoloration?
a. Penicillin
b. Tetracycline
c. Cephalexin
d. Azithromycin
Rationale: Tetracyclines bind to calcium in developing teeth and bones,
causing discoloration and growth inhibition.
6. A patient receiving digoxin should have serum levels monitored
, because:
a. It is rapidly metabolized in the liver
b. It has a narrow therapeutic index
c. It is highly protein-bound
d. It causes tachycardia
Rationale: Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic window, making serum
monitoring essential to avoid toxicity.
7. Which class of drugs is most effective in treating chronic heart failure
by reducing mortality?
a. Beta-blockers
b. Loop diuretics
c. ACE inhibitors
d. Calcium channel blockers
Rationale: ACE inhibitors improve survival in chronic heart failure by
reducing afterload and inhibiting maladaptive remodeling.
8. Which antipsychotic is least likely to cause extrapyramidal symptoms?
a. Haloperidol
b. Fluphenazine
c. Clozapine
d. Chlorpromazine
Rationale: Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic with lower risk of EPS due to
balanced dopamine and serotonin receptor activity.
9. Which of the following is a common adverse effect of loop diuretics?
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Hypertension
, c. Hypokalemia
d. Bradycardia
Rationale: Loop diuretics increase potassium excretion, leading to
hypokalemia.
10. A patient develops angioedema after starting an ACE inhibitor.
The nurse should:
a. Reassure the patient and continue the drug
b. Discontinue the ACE inhibitor and notify the provider
c. Switch to a beta-blocker
d. Monitor and increase the dose
Rationale: Angioedema is a serious, potentially life-threatening reaction to
ACE inhibitors and requires immediate discontinuation.
11. Which medication is used as an antidote for acetaminophen
overdose?
a. Naloxone
b. N-acetylcysteine
c. Atropine
d. Flumazenil
Rationale: N-acetylcysteine replenishes glutathione, detoxifying the
hepatotoxic metabolite of acetaminophen.
12. Which anticoagulant works by directly inhibiting thrombin?
a. Warfarin
b. Heparin
c. Dabigatran
d. Aspirin
