NSG 525: Exam 3 (Heart, Peripheral
Vascular, and HEENT) Questions and
All Correct Answers.
Average HR - Answer 60-100 bpm
Flow of blood through the heart - Answer from the body
superior and inferior vena cavas
right atrium
tricuspid valve
right ventricle
SL pulmonary valve
pulmonary artery
lungs
pulmonary veins
left atrium
mitral valve
left ventricle
SL aortic valve
aorta
to the body
Where is the heart located? - Answer mediastinum
(behind sternum and above the diaphragm)
does the heart lie straight? - Answer no, it lies at an angle
right ventricle takes up most of the anterior surface and left takes up most of the posterior
surface
3 layers of heart wall - Answer pericardium, myocardium, endocardium
pericardium - Answer Membrane surrounding the heart
layers of the pericardium - Answer 1 fibrous layer and 2 serous layers
,purpose of the pericardium - Answer Protect the heart from infection and trauma
myocardium - Answer middle layer of the heart
thick muscular tissue that contracts to eject blood from ventricles
purpose of myocardium - Answer thick muscular tissue that contracts to eject blood from
ventricles
endocardium - Answer inner lining of the heart
what governs blood flow through the chambers of the heart - Answer the valves
types of valves in the heart - Answer atrioventricular valves and semilunar valves
atrioventricular valves - Answer valves between the atria and ventricles
tricuspid and mitral
semilunar valves - Answer pulmonary and aortic valves
"semilunar" because they are shaped like half-moons
diastole - Answer Relaxation of the heart
how does blood move from the atria to ventricles - Answer pressure of blood in atria
becomes higher than the pressure in the ventricles so blood flows to the lower pressure
what passively opens the AV valves - Answer higher atrial pressure
how much blood flows from atria to ventricles due to ventricular relaxation - Answer 80%
how much blood flows from atria to ventricles due to atrial contraction - Answer 20%
end result of diastole - Answer ventricles are filled with blood
systole - Answer Contraction of the heart
, how is backflow of blood into the atria prevented - Answer systole
ventricles contract creating pressure that closes the AV valves preventing that backflow
what happens to the valves as ventricles contract - Answer AV close
SL open
how do the SL valves close - Answer as blood is ejected from the ventricles to pulmonary
artery and aorta, ventricular pressure decreases and this causes the SL valves to close
heart stimulated by - Answer electric impulse originating in the SA node in the superior
aspect of the right atrium that travels in internodal tracts to the AV node
SA - Answer sinoatrial
AV - Answer atrioventricular
SA node aka - Answer cardiac pacemaker
how many impulses does the SA node discarge - Answer 60-100 per minute
which heart layer are SA node impulses transmitted through - Answer myocardium
SA node impulses cause - Answer atrial and ventricular contraction
AV node prevents - Answer excessive atrial impulses from reaching ventricles
If the SA node fails, what happens? - Answer AV node takes over
impulse rate of AV nodes - Answer 40-60 per minute
If the SA and AV nodes fail, what takes over? - Answer bundle branches may contract
Impulse rate of bundle branches - Answer 20-40 per minute
arterioles - Answer smallest arteries
Vascular, and HEENT) Questions and
All Correct Answers.
Average HR - Answer 60-100 bpm
Flow of blood through the heart - Answer from the body
superior and inferior vena cavas
right atrium
tricuspid valve
right ventricle
SL pulmonary valve
pulmonary artery
lungs
pulmonary veins
left atrium
mitral valve
left ventricle
SL aortic valve
aorta
to the body
Where is the heart located? - Answer mediastinum
(behind sternum and above the diaphragm)
does the heart lie straight? - Answer no, it lies at an angle
right ventricle takes up most of the anterior surface and left takes up most of the posterior
surface
3 layers of heart wall - Answer pericardium, myocardium, endocardium
pericardium - Answer Membrane surrounding the heart
layers of the pericardium - Answer 1 fibrous layer and 2 serous layers
,purpose of the pericardium - Answer Protect the heart from infection and trauma
myocardium - Answer middle layer of the heart
thick muscular tissue that contracts to eject blood from ventricles
purpose of myocardium - Answer thick muscular tissue that contracts to eject blood from
ventricles
endocardium - Answer inner lining of the heart
what governs blood flow through the chambers of the heart - Answer the valves
types of valves in the heart - Answer atrioventricular valves and semilunar valves
atrioventricular valves - Answer valves between the atria and ventricles
tricuspid and mitral
semilunar valves - Answer pulmonary and aortic valves
"semilunar" because they are shaped like half-moons
diastole - Answer Relaxation of the heart
how does blood move from the atria to ventricles - Answer pressure of blood in atria
becomes higher than the pressure in the ventricles so blood flows to the lower pressure
what passively opens the AV valves - Answer higher atrial pressure
how much blood flows from atria to ventricles due to ventricular relaxation - Answer 80%
how much blood flows from atria to ventricles due to atrial contraction - Answer 20%
end result of diastole - Answer ventricles are filled with blood
systole - Answer Contraction of the heart
, how is backflow of blood into the atria prevented - Answer systole
ventricles contract creating pressure that closes the AV valves preventing that backflow
what happens to the valves as ventricles contract - Answer AV close
SL open
how do the SL valves close - Answer as blood is ejected from the ventricles to pulmonary
artery and aorta, ventricular pressure decreases and this causes the SL valves to close
heart stimulated by - Answer electric impulse originating in the SA node in the superior
aspect of the right atrium that travels in internodal tracts to the AV node
SA - Answer sinoatrial
AV - Answer atrioventricular
SA node aka - Answer cardiac pacemaker
how many impulses does the SA node discarge - Answer 60-100 per minute
which heart layer are SA node impulses transmitted through - Answer myocardium
SA node impulses cause - Answer atrial and ventricular contraction
AV node prevents - Answer excessive atrial impulses from reaching ventricles
If the SA node fails, what happens? - Answer AV node takes over
impulse rate of AV nodes - Answer 40-60 per minute
If the SA and AV nodes fail, what takes over? - Answer bundle branches may contract
Impulse rate of bundle branches - Answer 20-40 per minute
arterioles - Answer smallest arteries
