PNB 2265 Final Exam Study Guide || 100% Valid Answers.
What is true about the breakdown of red blood cells? correct answers >> Iron is carried through
the plasma by transferrin
>> Bilirubin is excreted in the urine
>> Bilirubin is excreted in the bile
>> Iron is carried through the plasma by transferrin
Adult hemoglobin is composed of what components? correct answers >> four heme groups
>> two beta subunits
>> two alpha subunits
Infant hemoglobin is composed of what components? correct answers >> four heme groups
>> two alpha subunits
>> two gamma subunits
What is hemoglobinuria characterized by? correct answers Large amounts of hemoglobin being
expected in the urine
What kinds of cells are agranulocytes? correct answers >> Lymphocytes
>> Monocytes
The most abundant leukocytes are ________ & the least abundant are ________ correct answers
Neutrophil & Basophil
What is true about hemolytic disease? correct answers >> It is caused by anti-D antibodies
crossing the placenta
>> occurs in a woman with AB- blood
>> Red blood cells in the fetus are being attacked by IgG antibodies from the mother
What is true about myeloid stem cells? correct answers >> stimulation by EPO causes them to
differentiate into proerythroblasts
>> they have ribosomes
>> they have a nucleus
, Where does Erythropoietin come from? correct answers The kidney, to increase RBC production
In the process of hemostasis, what is Factor-X function? correct answers Activates a sequence of
enzymatic reactions that produce the coagulation phase of hemostasis
In the process of hemostasis, what is Tissue Factor's function? correct answers Serves as the
entry point to the extrinsic pathway
In the process of hemostasis, what is the function of Thrombin? correct answers Converts
Fibrinogen to Fibrin
In the process of hemostasis, what is the function of Collagen? correct answers Serves as the
starting point of the intrinsic pathway- activates inactive clotting factors when blood leaks from
the blood vessel
What is hemostasis? correct answers The process of stopping blood loss
What are the phases of hemostasis? correct answers 1. Vascular spasm
2. Platelet phase
3. Coagulation
How is Thrombin formed? correct answers Either by the extrinsic or intrinsic pathways
How is the extrinsic pathway initiated? correct answers Via tissue factors that come from
damaged endothelial cells and then goes to the common pathway to form thrombin
How is the intrinsic pathway initiated? correct answers Via collagen that activated clotting
factors when blood leaks from blood vessels and then goes to common pathway to form
thrombin
What happens in the vascular spasm phase of hemostasis? correct answers Damaged blood
vessel constricts to minimize blood flow and releases a damage signal
What happens in the platelet phase of hemostasis? correct answers >> Platelet become activated
>> Platelet become sticky via adhesion
>> Platelet sends out signals to attract more platelets (aggregation)
>> Platelet forms plug to stop the bleeding
>> Platelet assists in clot formation by being activated by ADP & Thromboxane
What happens in the coagulation phase of hemostasis? correct answers Fibrin is formed from
fibrinogen via the thrombin enzyme that is sent from the platelets
Which antibodies would normally be present in a man with type O negative blood? correct
answers Anti-A antibodies
Anti-B antibodies
What is true about the breakdown of red blood cells? correct answers >> Iron is carried through
the plasma by transferrin
>> Bilirubin is excreted in the urine
>> Bilirubin is excreted in the bile
>> Iron is carried through the plasma by transferrin
Adult hemoglobin is composed of what components? correct answers >> four heme groups
>> two beta subunits
>> two alpha subunits
Infant hemoglobin is composed of what components? correct answers >> four heme groups
>> two alpha subunits
>> two gamma subunits
What is hemoglobinuria characterized by? correct answers Large amounts of hemoglobin being
expected in the urine
What kinds of cells are agranulocytes? correct answers >> Lymphocytes
>> Monocytes
The most abundant leukocytes are ________ & the least abundant are ________ correct answers
Neutrophil & Basophil
What is true about hemolytic disease? correct answers >> It is caused by anti-D antibodies
crossing the placenta
>> occurs in a woman with AB- blood
>> Red blood cells in the fetus are being attacked by IgG antibodies from the mother
What is true about myeloid stem cells? correct answers >> stimulation by EPO causes them to
differentiate into proerythroblasts
>> they have ribosomes
>> they have a nucleus
, Where does Erythropoietin come from? correct answers The kidney, to increase RBC production
In the process of hemostasis, what is Factor-X function? correct answers Activates a sequence of
enzymatic reactions that produce the coagulation phase of hemostasis
In the process of hemostasis, what is Tissue Factor's function? correct answers Serves as the
entry point to the extrinsic pathway
In the process of hemostasis, what is the function of Thrombin? correct answers Converts
Fibrinogen to Fibrin
In the process of hemostasis, what is the function of Collagen? correct answers Serves as the
starting point of the intrinsic pathway- activates inactive clotting factors when blood leaks from
the blood vessel
What is hemostasis? correct answers The process of stopping blood loss
What are the phases of hemostasis? correct answers 1. Vascular spasm
2. Platelet phase
3. Coagulation
How is Thrombin formed? correct answers Either by the extrinsic or intrinsic pathways
How is the extrinsic pathway initiated? correct answers Via tissue factors that come from
damaged endothelial cells and then goes to the common pathway to form thrombin
How is the intrinsic pathway initiated? correct answers Via collagen that activated clotting
factors when blood leaks from blood vessels and then goes to common pathway to form
thrombin
What happens in the vascular spasm phase of hemostasis? correct answers Damaged blood
vessel constricts to minimize blood flow and releases a damage signal
What happens in the platelet phase of hemostasis? correct answers >> Platelet become activated
>> Platelet become sticky via adhesion
>> Platelet sends out signals to attract more platelets (aggregation)
>> Platelet forms plug to stop the bleeding
>> Platelet assists in clot formation by being activated by ADP & Thromboxane
What happens in the coagulation phase of hemostasis? correct answers Fibrin is formed from
fibrinogen via the thrombin enzyme that is sent from the platelets
Which antibodies would normally be present in a man with type O negative blood? correct
answers Anti-A antibodies
Anti-B antibodies
