NUR 242 MED SURG EXAM 3 Updated Exam 2026 WITH Recent
Newest Verified And Well Analyzed Exam Questions (Actual Exam
2026-2027) Correct Detailed & Verified ANSWERS (100% Accurate
Solutions) ALREADY GRADED A+||NEWEST VERSION Of The Exam
Guarantee Pass!!
What are the characteristics of chronic bronchitis? - ANSWERS-smoking history;
age of onset: 30-40 years;
barrel chest may be present;
SOB predominant early symptom;
rhonchi often present;
sputum frequent early manifestation;
"blue bloaters";
often dramatic cyanosis;
hypercapnia and hypoxemia may be present early;
frequent cor pulmonale and polycythemia;
numerous life threatening episodes due to acute exacerbations;
obese
What are the signs and symptoms of hypercapnia? - ANSWERS-increased PCO2;
headache;
confusion;
flushed skin;
increasing sedation causing lethargy;
tachycardia;
diaphoresis;
,mild to moderate increase one blood pressure
What are some common ABG results of chronic bronchitis? - ANSWERS-pO2- 76
(low);
O2 sat- 86% (low);
pCO2- 54 (high)- acidosis (usually stop responding to high CO2 level; need low
oxygen to stimulate breathing so when in a hospital and they are given too much
oxygen they can stop breathing);
HCO3- 32 (compensation)
pH- 7.33 (acidic)
What is cor pulmonale? - ANSWERS-right sided heart failure resulting from
primary lung disease and long-standing primary or secondary pulmonary
hypertension;
involves hypertrophy and the eventual failure of the right ventricle
What are the manifestations of cor pulmonale? - ANSWERS-S&S of the primary
lung disease and the signs of right-sided heart failure
What are some diagnostic studies of COPD? - ANSWERS-chest x-ray;
pulmonary function tests;
sputum culture- if chronic bronchitis;
ABG's/pulmonary oximetry;
ECG, echocardiogram;
H&H- hemoglobin and hematocrit
,What is cystic fibrosis? - ANSWERS-an autosomal recessive disorder involving fluid
secretion in the exocrine glands, the epithelial lining of the respiratory,
gastrointestinal and reproductive tracts
What is the cause of cystic fibrosis? - ANSWERS-mutations in a single gene on the
long arm of chromosome 7 that encodes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane
regulator (CFTR), which functions as a chloride (Cl-) channel in epithelial cell
What are the manifestations of cystic fibrosis? - ANSWERS-thick, tenacious
mucus;
recurrent pulmonary infections;
cor pulmonale;
pancreatic exocrine (digestive enzymes) deficiency;
pancreatitis;
excessive loss of sodium in the sweat;
sinus infections;
cholelithiasis (gallstones)
What is diffuse interstitial lung disease? - ANSWERS-a diverse group of lung
disorders that produce similar inflammatory and fibrotic changes in the
interstitium or inter alveolar septa of the lung
What are the types of diffuse interstitial lung disease? - ANSWERS-sarcoidosis;
the occupational lung diseases (asbestosis, pneumoconiosis, silicosis,
pneumonitis, etc);
hypersensitivity pneumonitis;
lung disease caused by exposure to toxic drugs
, What is sarcoidosis? - ANSWERS-a disease of unknown origin characterized by the
formation of granulomatous lesions that appear especially in the lungs, liver, skin,
and lymph nodes
What is the cause of sarcoidosis? - ANSWERS-probably immune or autoimmune
What are the S&S of sarcoidosis? - ANSWERS-may have no S&S;
malaise;
fever;
dyspnea;
dry cough
What is pneumoconiosis? - ANSWERS-occupational or "dust" diseases;
black lung (coal);
silicosis (silicon);
asbestosis and mesothelioma;
inert particles are walled off by immune cells that lay down fibrin;
fibrosis- stiff lung;
barrier to diffusion
What are the causes of disorders of lung inflation? - ANSWERS-conditions that
produce lung compression or lung collapse;
collapse of a segment of the lung as in atelectasis;
compression of the lung by an accumulation of fluid in the intrapleural space;
Newest Verified And Well Analyzed Exam Questions (Actual Exam
2026-2027) Correct Detailed & Verified ANSWERS (100% Accurate
Solutions) ALREADY GRADED A+||NEWEST VERSION Of The Exam
Guarantee Pass!!
What are the characteristics of chronic bronchitis? - ANSWERS-smoking history;
age of onset: 30-40 years;
barrel chest may be present;
SOB predominant early symptom;
rhonchi often present;
sputum frequent early manifestation;
"blue bloaters";
often dramatic cyanosis;
hypercapnia and hypoxemia may be present early;
frequent cor pulmonale and polycythemia;
numerous life threatening episodes due to acute exacerbations;
obese
What are the signs and symptoms of hypercapnia? - ANSWERS-increased PCO2;
headache;
confusion;
flushed skin;
increasing sedation causing lethargy;
tachycardia;
diaphoresis;
,mild to moderate increase one blood pressure
What are some common ABG results of chronic bronchitis? - ANSWERS-pO2- 76
(low);
O2 sat- 86% (low);
pCO2- 54 (high)- acidosis (usually stop responding to high CO2 level; need low
oxygen to stimulate breathing so when in a hospital and they are given too much
oxygen they can stop breathing);
HCO3- 32 (compensation)
pH- 7.33 (acidic)
What is cor pulmonale? - ANSWERS-right sided heart failure resulting from
primary lung disease and long-standing primary or secondary pulmonary
hypertension;
involves hypertrophy and the eventual failure of the right ventricle
What are the manifestations of cor pulmonale? - ANSWERS-S&S of the primary
lung disease and the signs of right-sided heart failure
What are some diagnostic studies of COPD? - ANSWERS-chest x-ray;
pulmonary function tests;
sputum culture- if chronic bronchitis;
ABG's/pulmonary oximetry;
ECG, echocardiogram;
H&H- hemoglobin and hematocrit
,What is cystic fibrosis? - ANSWERS-an autosomal recessive disorder involving fluid
secretion in the exocrine glands, the epithelial lining of the respiratory,
gastrointestinal and reproductive tracts
What is the cause of cystic fibrosis? - ANSWERS-mutations in a single gene on the
long arm of chromosome 7 that encodes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane
regulator (CFTR), which functions as a chloride (Cl-) channel in epithelial cell
What are the manifestations of cystic fibrosis? - ANSWERS-thick, tenacious
mucus;
recurrent pulmonary infections;
cor pulmonale;
pancreatic exocrine (digestive enzymes) deficiency;
pancreatitis;
excessive loss of sodium in the sweat;
sinus infections;
cholelithiasis (gallstones)
What is diffuse interstitial lung disease? - ANSWERS-a diverse group of lung
disorders that produce similar inflammatory and fibrotic changes in the
interstitium or inter alveolar septa of the lung
What are the types of diffuse interstitial lung disease? - ANSWERS-sarcoidosis;
the occupational lung diseases (asbestosis, pneumoconiosis, silicosis,
pneumonitis, etc);
hypersensitivity pneumonitis;
lung disease caused by exposure to toxic drugs
, What is sarcoidosis? - ANSWERS-a disease of unknown origin characterized by the
formation of granulomatous lesions that appear especially in the lungs, liver, skin,
and lymph nodes
What is the cause of sarcoidosis? - ANSWERS-probably immune or autoimmune
What are the S&S of sarcoidosis? - ANSWERS-may have no S&S;
malaise;
fever;
dyspnea;
dry cough
What is pneumoconiosis? - ANSWERS-occupational or "dust" diseases;
black lung (coal);
silicosis (silicon);
asbestosis and mesothelioma;
inert particles are walled off by immune cells that lay down fibrin;
fibrosis- stiff lung;
barrier to diffusion
What are the causes of disorders of lung inflation? - ANSWERS-conditions that
produce lung compression or lung collapse;
collapse of a segment of the lung as in atelectasis;
compression of the lung by an accumulation of fluid in the intrapleural space;
