Older Adult
Older Adult Assessment With Complete
Solutions Latest Update
Assessing Older Adults - correct answers In the United States, there 39
million older adults, expected reach 72 million by 2030.
Life span: 80 years for women, 75 years for men
Older than 88 years: 5% of U.S. population within
20 years 95% of Americans older than age 65 live
in the community.
5% reside in long-term care facilities.
More active, less disabled
Anatomy and physiology - correct answers Primary aging reflects changes in
physiologic reserves.
Independent of and not induced by disease
Changes likely appear during periods of stress.
Genes account for ≈20% probability of living to 100.
Healthy lifestyles account for ≈20% to 30%.
Promote optimal nutrition.
Strength training and exercise
Daily functions
Vital signs - correct answers Blood pressure
Systolic: hypertension with widened pulse pressure
Diastolic: stops rising at approximately the sixth decade
Postural (orthostatic) hypotension
Older Adult Assessment With Complete Solutions Latest Update
,Older Adult
Heart rate and rhythm - correct answers Abnormal heart rhythms: atrial or
ventricular ectopy Respiratory Rate - correct answers Unchanged
Temperature - correct answers Changes in regulation lead to susceptibility
to hypothermia
Skin - correct answers Wrinkles, loses turgor, appears thin, age spots,
fragile, loose
Nails - correct answers Lose luster, yellow, thicken
Hair - correct answers Scalp hair loses its pigment, loss in various areas;
over 55 in women, coarse facial hairs appears
Head and neck - correct answers Loss of fat around face
Dry eyes
Pupils become smaller
Visual acuity diminishes (presbyopia)
Increase risk for cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration
Hearing acuity diminishes (presbycusis)
Diminished salivary secretions
Decreased sense of taste
Increased sensitivity to bitterness and saltiness
Decreased olfaction
Teeth wear down; periodontal disease
Cervical nodes
Submandibular glands
Older Adult Assessment With Complete Solutions Latest Update
, Older Adult
Thorax and lungs - correct answers Chest wall becomes stiffer and harder to
move.
Respiratory muscles weaken.
Lungs lose some elastic recoil.
Lung mass declines .
Speed of breathing with maximal effort gradually diminishes.
Cough becomes less effective.
Thorax and lungs skeletal changes - correct answers Kyphosis from
osteoporotic vertebral collapse
Barrel chest
Cardiovascular system - neck vessels - correct answers Lengthening and
tortuosity of aorta Systolic bruits
Cardiovascular system - extra heart sounds: s3 and s4 - correct answers
Suggests decreased ventricular compliance and impaired ventricular filling
Cardiac murmurs - correct answers Systolic aortic murmur
Aortic sclerosis
Aortic stenosis
Mitral regurgitation
Peripheral vascular system - correct answers Peripheral arteries tend to
lengthen, become tortuous, feel harder and less resilient
Loss or arterial insufficiency is not typical
Important concern: possible abdominal aortic aneurysm (do assessment if
patient has back pain); complaint of abdominal or back pain, especially
Older Adult Assessment With Complete Solutions Latest Update
Older Adult Assessment With Complete
Solutions Latest Update
Assessing Older Adults - correct answers In the United States, there 39
million older adults, expected reach 72 million by 2030.
Life span: 80 years for women, 75 years for men
Older than 88 years: 5% of U.S. population within
20 years 95% of Americans older than age 65 live
in the community.
5% reside in long-term care facilities.
More active, less disabled
Anatomy and physiology - correct answers Primary aging reflects changes in
physiologic reserves.
Independent of and not induced by disease
Changes likely appear during periods of stress.
Genes account for ≈20% probability of living to 100.
Healthy lifestyles account for ≈20% to 30%.
Promote optimal nutrition.
Strength training and exercise
Daily functions
Vital signs - correct answers Blood pressure
Systolic: hypertension with widened pulse pressure
Diastolic: stops rising at approximately the sixth decade
Postural (orthostatic) hypotension
Older Adult Assessment With Complete Solutions Latest Update
,Older Adult
Heart rate and rhythm - correct answers Abnormal heart rhythms: atrial or
ventricular ectopy Respiratory Rate - correct answers Unchanged
Temperature - correct answers Changes in regulation lead to susceptibility
to hypothermia
Skin - correct answers Wrinkles, loses turgor, appears thin, age spots,
fragile, loose
Nails - correct answers Lose luster, yellow, thicken
Hair - correct answers Scalp hair loses its pigment, loss in various areas;
over 55 in women, coarse facial hairs appears
Head and neck - correct answers Loss of fat around face
Dry eyes
Pupils become smaller
Visual acuity diminishes (presbyopia)
Increase risk for cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration
Hearing acuity diminishes (presbycusis)
Diminished salivary secretions
Decreased sense of taste
Increased sensitivity to bitterness and saltiness
Decreased olfaction
Teeth wear down; periodontal disease
Cervical nodes
Submandibular glands
Older Adult Assessment With Complete Solutions Latest Update
, Older Adult
Thorax and lungs - correct answers Chest wall becomes stiffer and harder to
move.
Respiratory muscles weaken.
Lungs lose some elastic recoil.
Lung mass declines .
Speed of breathing with maximal effort gradually diminishes.
Cough becomes less effective.
Thorax and lungs skeletal changes - correct answers Kyphosis from
osteoporotic vertebral collapse
Barrel chest
Cardiovascular system - neck vessels - correct answers Lengthening and
tortuosity of aorta Systolic bruits
Cardiovascular system - extra heart sounds: s3 and s4 - correct answers
Suggests decreased ventricular compliance and impaired ventricular filling
Cardiac murmurs - correct answers Systolic aortic murmur
Aortic sclerosis
Aortic stenosis
Mitral regurgitation
Peripheral vascular system - correct answers Peripheral arteries tend to
lengthen, become tortuous, feel harder and less resilient
Loss or arterial insufficiency is not typical
Important concern: possible abdominal aortic aneurysm (do assessment if
patient has back pain); complaint of abdominal or back pain, especially
Older Adult Assessment With Complete Solutions Latest Update
