Fundamentals Exam 1
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1. chain of infection infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry,
susceptible host
2. chain of infection: 1.
infectious agent - microorganisms to include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa that have the
potential to cause disease
- resident organisms (normal flora)- permanent residents on or in the body
that do not usually cause illness.
- virulence - ability to produce disease
- transient microorganisms attach to the skin during normal activity
3. chain of infection: 2.
reservoir - a place where microorganisms survive, multiply, and await transfer to a
susceptible host.
- common reservoirs: humans, animals, insects, food, water, inanimate sur-
faces
- human: divided into symptomatic and asymptomatic (carriers)
4. chain of infection: 3.
portal of exit - after multiplying in the reservoir, the microorganism needs an exit point in
order to be transmissible.
- exit points-blood skin, mucous membranes, respiratory tract, genitourinary
tract, GI tract, reproductive tract, transplacental (mother to fetus)
5. chain of infection: 4.
modes of transmis- -each disease has a specific mode of transmission
sion -you can interrupt the mode of transmission
6. chain of infection: 5.
portal of entry -microorganisms enter the body through the same routes they use for exiting.
-entry points-blood, skin, mucous membranes, respiratory tract, genitourinary
tract, GI tract, reproductive tract, transplacental
, Fundamentals Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dp3b37
7. chain of infection: 6.
susceptible host -susceptibility to an infectious agent depends on the individuals degree of
resistance to the pathogen.
-resistance to the pathogen is determined by the individuals natural defenses
and risk factors
8. Ways to break the hand hygiene, PPE, personal hygiene, first aid, removal of catheters and tubes
chain of infection
9. course of infection: 1. interval between initial infection and first signs and symptoms
incubation period
10. course of infection: 2. vague feelings of discomfort; nonspecific complaints
prodromal stage
11. course of infection: 3. interval when patient manifests signs and symptoms specific to type of
illness stage infection
12. course of infection: 4. gradual recovery after an illness
convalescence
13. localized infection infection that are isolated to one area of the body
14. disseminated infec- infection spread to area of the body beyond the initial site
tion
15. systemic infection infection spread extensively throughout the body
16. Healthcare-associ- an infection acquired within a healthcare setting during the delivery of medical
ated infection (HAI) care
17. exogenous infec- infection originating outside an organ or part
tion
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dp3b37
1. chain of infection infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry,
susceptible host
2. chain of infection: 1.
infectious agent - microorganisms to include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa that have the
potential to cause disease
- resident organisms (normal flora)- permanent residents on or in the body
that do not usually cause illness.
- virulence - ability to produce disease
- transient microorganisms attach to the skin during normal activity
3. chain of infection: 2.
reservoir - a place where microorganisms survive, multiply, and await transfer to a
susceptible host.
- common reservoirs: humans, animals, insects, food, water, inanimate sur-
faces
- human: divided into symptomatic and asymptomatic (carriers)
4. chain of infection: 3.
portal of exit - after multiplying in the reservoir, the microorganism needs an exit point in
order to be transmissible.
- exit points-blood skin, mucous membranes, respiratory tract, genitourinary
tract, GI tract, reproductive tract, transplacental (mother to fetus)
5. chain of infection: 4.
modes of transmis- -each disease has a specific mode of transmission
sion -you can interrupt the mode of transmission
6. chain of infection: 5.
portal of entry -microorganisms enter the body through the same routes they use for exiting.
-entry points-blood, skin, mucous membranes, respiratory tract, genitourinary
tract, GI tract, reproductive tract, transplacental
, Fundamentals Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dp3b37
7. chain of infection: 6.
susceptible host -susceptibility to an infectious agent depends on the individuals degree of
resistance to the pathogen.
-resistance to the pathogen is determined by the individuals natural defenses
and risk factors
8. Ways to break the hand hygiene, PPE, personal hygiene, first aid, removal of catheters and tubes
chain of infection
9. course of infection: 1. interval between initial infection and first signs and symptoms
incubation period
10. course of infection: 2. vague feelings of discomfort; nonspecific complaints
prodromal stage
11. course of infection: 3. interval when patient manifests signs and symptoms specific to type of
illness stage infection
12. course of infection: 4. gradual recovery after an illness
convalescence
13. localized infection infection that are isolated to one area of the body
14. disseminated infec- infection spread to area of the body beyond the initial site
tion
15. systemic infection infection spread extensively throughout the body
16. Healthcare-associ- an infection acquired within a healthcare setting during the delivery of medical
ated infection (HAI) care
17. exogenous infec- infection originating outside an organ or part
tion
