Microbial Genetics Practice Test with complete
solutions latest 2026/27 UPDATE
UCCGCAU
If RNA polymerase was reading a segment of DNA with the sequence AGGCGTA, what order
of nucleotides would be added to the mRNA transcript
Nitrogenous Bases
The letters of an mRNA codon are based on the ___ in the nucleotides of the transcript
True
True or False: Several codons can be translated into the same amino acid, but one particular
codon cannot be translated into different amino acids
silent;third
The property of wobble means that ___ mutations result if changes in the ___ position of some
codons
Bacteria
Which type of microbes were first found to utilize the lac operon in order to conserve energy by
only expressing genes when the gene products were needed?
leading; lagging
During DNA replication, the ___ strand is synthesized continuously while the ___ strand is
synthesized in a series of short fragments called Okazaki fragments
RNA polymerase
,Select the most accurate statement reflecting the process of transcription: Transcription relies
upon the action of
tRNA
Select the type of RNA molecule that is associated with an amino acid, which is used to puil a
polypeptide chain during translation
lac operon
Example of an inducible operon
Inducer
Often the product of the enzymes encoded
RNA, uracil
Select which of the following represents a proper pairing of a nucleic acid and one of its
components
True
True or False: Mutations are the primary source of genetic variation that makes evolution
possible
Transformation
The transfer of naked DNA from one cell to another
Conjugation
DNA transfer from a donor bacterium to a recipient via sex pili
, Transduction
DNA transfer from one bacterial cell to another cell via bacteriophage
genotype; phenotype
The genetic makeup of an organism is referred to as its ___ whereas the observable traits due to
gene expression are referred to as its ___
Missense Mutation
Normal Gene
DNA - TAC TGC CTG CTC TAC TTT
RNA - AUG ACC GAC GAG AUG AAA
Protein - Met Thr Asp Glu Met Lys
DNA - TAC TGC CTT CTC TAC TTT
RNA - AUG ACC GAA GAG AUG AAA
Protein - Met Thr Glu Glu Met Lys
Silent Mutation
Normal Gene
DNA - TAC TGC CTG CTC TAC TTT
RNA - AUG ACC GAC GAG AUG AAA
Protein - Met Thr Asp Glu Met Lys
solutions latest 2026/27 UPDATE
UCCGCAU
If RNA polymerase was reading a segment of DNA with the sequence AGGCGTA, what order
of nucleotides would be added to the mRNA transcript
Nitrogenous Bases
The letters of an mRNA codon are based on the ___ in the nucleotides of the transcript
True
True or False: Several codons can be translated into the same amino acid, but one particular
codon cannot be translated into different amino acids
silent;third
The property of wobble means that ___ mutations result if changes in the ___ position of some
codons
Bacteria
Which type of microbes were first found to utilize the lac operon in order to conserve energy by
only expressing genes when the gene products were needed?
leading; lagging
During DNA replication, the ___ strand is synthesized continuously while the ___ strand is
synthesized in a series of short fragments called Okazaki fragments
RNA polymerase
,Select the most accurate statement reflecting the process of transcription: Transcription relies
upon the action of
tRNA
Select the type of RNA molecule that is associated with an amino acid, which is used to puil a
polypeptide chain during translation
lac operon
Example of an inducible operon
Inducer
Often the product of the enzymes encoded
RNA, uracil
Select which of the following represents a proper pairing of a nucleic acid and one of its
components
True
True or False: Mutations are the primary source of genetic variation that makes evolution
possible
Transformation
The transfer of naked DNA from one cell to another
Conjugation
DNA transfer from a donor bacterium to a recipient via sex pili
, Transduction
DNA transfer from one bacterial cell to another cell via bacteriophage
genotype; phenotype
The genetic makeup of an organism is referred to as its ___ whereas the observable traits due to
gene expression are referred to as its ___
Missense Mutation
Normal Gene
DNA - TAC TGC CTG CTC TAC TTT
RNA - AUG ACC GAC GAG AUG AAA
Protein - Met Thr Asp Glu Met Lys
DNA - TAC TGC CTT CTC TAC TTT
RNA - AUG ACC GAA GAG AUG AAA
Protein - Met Thr Glu Glu Met Lys
Silent Mutation
Normal Gene
DNA - TAC TGC CTG CTC TAC TTT
RNA - AUG ACC GAC GAG AUG AAA
Protein - Met Thr Asp Glu Met Lys
