COMPLETE TEST BANK PACKAGE
Campbell Biology, 13th Edition
Lisa A. Urry • Peter V. Minorsky • Kerry L. Hull • Rebecca B. Orr
This PDF includes Chapters 21–40.
The complete test bank covers all 56 chapters and is provided in the Package Deal.
PDF 1: Chapters 1–20
PDF 2: Chapters 21–40
PDF 3: Chapters 41–56
,Campbell Biology, 13e (Urry)
Chapter 21 Genomes and Their Evolution
21.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) Which of the following best describes metagenomics?
A) genome studies that reflect on the effect of environmental conditions on DNA sequences
B) genome studies that compare and annotate representative genes shared by multiple
species
C) sequencing DNA from the most highly conserved genes in a lineage
D) sequencing DNA from a community of species from the same ecosystem
Answer: D
Topic: The Human Genome Project fostered development of faster, less expensive
sequencing techniques
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Levels 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 21.1, Global LO: G1, V&C LO: VC-PS
2) Which of the following processes is part of the whole-genome shotgun approach to
sequencing?
A) fragmenting genomic DNA at random sites
B) mapping the chromosomal location of cloned DNA fragments
C) using DNA primers with randomly generated sequences to begin sequencing reactions
throughout the genome
D) focusing the efforts to sequence the genomes of new species by using DNA primers
known to be conserved between other species
Answer: A
Topic: The Human Genome Project fostered development of faster, less expensive
sequencing techniques
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Levels 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 21.1, Global LO: G1, V&C LO: VC-PS
3) Using modern techniques of sequencing by synthesis and the shotgun approach, the
sequences of entire chromosomes are determined by f i l. l i n t h e b l a n k
A) systematically sequencing DNA sequences as they occur along the length of the
chromosome
B) cloning chromosome sections into large plasmid, sequencing, and then reassembling the
chromosome
1
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, C) fragmenting chromosomal DNA, sequencing and using computer analysis to determine
regions where sequences overlap
D) identifying gaps in previously generated genetic maps, cloning those regions into
plasmids and determining their DNA sequences
Answer: C
Topic: The Human Genome Project fostered development of faster, less expensive
sequencing techniques
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Levels 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 21.1, Global LO: G9, V&C LO: VC-PS
4) Which of the following describes an advantage of establishing and using a human reference
genome in a bioinformatics investigation?
A) It represents the entire genome of one individual who acts as a standard for comparison.
B) It is regularly updated with new information, ensuring it remains the best representation of
the species’ genome.
C) Filling in remaining gaps would be more work than it is worth, so the reference has been
set.
D) “Next generation” sequencing efforts can use it to see if their output is correct.
Answer: B
Topic: The Human Genome Project fostered development of faster, less expensive
sequencing techniques
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Levels 5-6: Evaluating/Creating
Learning Outcome: 21.1, Global LO: G9, V&C LO: VC-PS
5) Which of the following statements best defines proteomics?
A) The field working to link each gene to a particular protein.
B) The study of the properties of sets of proteins.
C) The characterization of the functional possibilities of a single protein.
D) The study of how amino acids are ordered in a protein.
Answer: B
Topic: Scientists use bioinformatics to analyze genomes and their functions
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Levels 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 21.2, Global LO: G1, V&C LO: VC-MS
2
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, 6) Which of the following is a reason that expressed sequence tags (ESTs) aid the identification
of DNA that encodes proteins?
A) ESTs are amino acid sequences that can be used to predict the DNA sequence used in
cellular gene expression.
B) ESTs are short DNA sequences conserved among all protein coding regions that can be
scanned for by computer software.
C) ESTs are cDNA sequences and since cDNA synthesis uses an mRNA template ESTs
identify protein coding genes.
D) ESTs are complementary to DNA promoter sequences and can act as coding
region-specific primers.
Answer: C
Topic: Scientists use bioinformatics to analyze genomes and their functions
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Levels 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 21.2, Global LO: G2, V&C LO: VC-I
7) The primary component of bioinformatic gene annotation includes which of the following?
A) identifying predicted transcriptional and translational start and stop signals and splicing
sites
B) determining the name of the gene and a summary of its evolutionary connections in other
species
C) identifying the function of noncoding regions of the gene
D) creating a summary of the experimental steps conducted to identify the protein coding
region
Answer: A
Topic: Scientists use bioinformatics to analyze genomes and their functions
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Levels 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 21.2, Global LO: G1, V&C LO: VC-PS
8) An indigenous group uses a certain plant for medicinal purposes. In the bioinformatic
annotation of this medicinal plant’s genome, which type of information would be most
directly relevant to identifying potential therapeutic compounds?
A) predictions of protein structures and their likely biochemical activities
B) the relative levels of mRNA transcripts produced by the plant
C) sequences showing similarities to genes with known functions in other organisms
D) the cellular location of mRNAs expressed within different plant tissues
Answer: C
Topic: Scientists use bioinformatics to analyze genomes and their functions
3
Copyright © 2027
Campbell Biology, 13th Edition
Lisa A. Urry • Peter V. Minorsky • Kerry L. Hull • Rebecca B. Orr
This PDF includes Chapters 21–40.
The complete test bank covers all 56 chapters and is provided in the Package Deal.
PDF 1: Chapters 1–20
PDF 2: Chapters 21–40
PDF 3: Chapters 41–56
,Campbell Biology, 13e (Urry)
Chapter 21 Genomes and Their Evolution
21.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) Which of the following best describes metagenomics?
A) genome studies that reflect on the effect of environmental conditions on DNA sequences
B) genome studies that compare and annotate representative genes shared by multiple
species
C) sequencing DNA from the most highly conserved genes in a lineage
D) sequencing DNA from a community of species from the same ecosystem
Answer: D
Topic: The Human Genome Project fostered development of faster, less expensive
sequencing techniques
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Levels 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 21.1, Global LO: G1, V&C LO: VC-PS
2) Which of the following processes is part of the whole-genome shotgun approach to
sequencing?
A) fragmenting genomic DNA at random sites
B) mapping the chromosomal location of cloned DNA fragments
C) using DNA primers with randomly generated sequences to begin sequencing reactions
throughout the genome
D) focusing the efforts to sequence the genomes of new species by using DNA primers
known to be conserved between other species
Answer: A
Topic: The Human Genome Project fostered development of faster, less expensive
sequencing techniques
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Levels 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 21.1, Global LO: G1, V&C LO: VC-PS
3) Using modern techniques of sequencing by synthesis and the shotgun approach, the
sequences of entire chromosomes are determined by f i l. l i n t h e b l a n k
A) systematically sequencing DNA sequences as they occur along the length of the
chromosome
B) cloning chromosome sections into large plasmid, sequencing, and then reassembling the
chromosome
1
Copyright © 2027
, C) fragmenting chromosomal DNA, sequencing and using computer analysis to determine
regions where sequences overlap
D) identifying gaps in previously generated genetic maps, cloning those regions into
plasmids and determining their DNA sequences
Answer: C
Topic: The Human Genome Project fostered development of faster, less expensive
sequencing techniques
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Levels 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 21.1, Global LO: G9, V&C LO: VC-PS
4) Which of the following describes an advantage of establishing and using a human reference
genome in a bioinformatics investigation?
A) It represents the entire genome of one individual who acts as a standard for comparison.
B) It is regularly updated with new information, ensuring it remains the best representation of
the species’ genome.
C) Filling in remaining gaps would be more work than it is worth, so the reference has been
set.
D) “Next generation” sequencing efforts can use it to see if their output is correct.
Answer: B
Topic: The Human Genome Project fostered development of faster, less expensive
sequencing techniques
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Levels 5-6: Evaluating/Creating
Learning Outcome: 21.1, Global LO: G9, V&C LO: VC-PS
5) Which of the following statements best defines proteomics?
A) The field working to link each gene to a particular protein.
B) The study of the properties of sets of proteins.
C) The characterization of the functional possibilities of a single protein.
D) The study of how amino acids are ordered in a protein.
Answer: B
Topic: Scientists use bioinformatics to analyze genomes and their functions
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Levels 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 21.2, Global LO: G1, V&C LO: VC-MS
2
Copyright © 2027
, 6) Which of the following is a reason that expressed sequence tags (ESTs) aid the identification
of DNA that encodes proteins?
A) ESTs are amino acid sequences that can be used to predict the DNA sequence used in
cellular gene expression.
B) ESTs are short DNA sequences conserved among all protein coding regions that can be
scanned for by computer software.
C) ESTs are cDNA sequences and since cDNA synthesis uses an mRNA template ESTs
identify protein coding genes.
D) ESTs are complementary to DNA promoter sequences and can act as coding
region-specific primers.
Answer: C
Topic: Scientists use bioinformatics to analyze genomes and their functions
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Levels 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 21.2, Global LO: G2, V&C LO: VC-I
7) The primary component of bioinformatic gene annotation includes which of the following?
A) identifying predicted transcriptional and translational start and stop signals and splicing
sites
B) determining the name of the gene and a summary of its evolutionary connections in other
species
C) identifying the function of noncoding regions of the gene
D) creating a summary of the experimental steps conducted to identify the protein coding
region
Answer: A
Topic: Scientists use bioinformatics to analyze genomes and their functions
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Levels 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 21.2, Global LO: G1, V&C LO: VC-PS
8) An indigenous group uses a certain plant for medicinal purposes. In the bioinformatic
annotation of this medicinal plant’s genome, which type of information would be most
directly relevant to identifying potential therapeutic compounds?
A) predictions of protein structures and their likely biochemical activities
B) the relative levels of mRNA transcripts produced by the plant
C) sequences showing similarities to genes with known functions in other organisms
D) the cellular location of mRNAs expressed within different plant tissues
Answer: C
Topic: Scientists use bioinformatics to analyze genomes and their functions
3
Copyright © 2027
