HESI A2 CORE MAIN EXAMINATION RECENT
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔What two systems make up the nervous system? - ✔✔CNS-Central nervous system
PNS-Peripheral nervous system
✔✔What makes up the PNS? - ✔✔All the nerves that transmit information to and from
the CNS.
✔✔What is the function of sensory (afferent) neurons? - ✔✔Transmit information to and
from the CNS.
✔✔What is the function of Motor (efferent) neurons? - ✔✔Transmit nerve impulses
away from the CNS toward the effector organs such as muscles, glands, and digestive
organs.
✔✔What are the 3 major parts of the brain? - ✔✔Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Medulla Oblongata
✔✔What is the function of the cerebrum? - ✔✔Movement & sensory input.
✔✔What is the function of the cerebellum? - ✔✔Muscular coordination.
, ✔✔What is the function of the medulla oblongata? - ✔✔Controls vital functions such as
respiration and heart rate.
✔✔How long is the spinal cord? - ✔✔18 inches long and extends from the base of the
skull to the first or second lumbar vertebrae.
✔✔How many pairs of nerves exit the spinal cord? - ✔✔31 pairs of nerves exit the
spinal cord.
✔✔What are simple (spinal) reflexes? - ✔✔Those in which nerve impulses travel
through the spinal cord only and do not reach the brain.
✔✔What is the function of the endocrine system? - ✔✔Assist the nervous system in
homeostasis and plays important roles in sexual maturation.
✔✔Where do the endocrine and nervous system meet? - ✔✔The hypothalamus and
pituitary gland
✔✔What does the hypothalamus govern? - ✔✔The pituitary gland and is controlled by
the feedback of hormones in the blood.
✔✔Which has more long-lasting effects on the body, the endocrine or the nervous
system? - ✔✔The endocrine system
✔✔What are hormones? - ✔✔Chemical messengers controlling growth, differentiation &
metabolism of cells.
✔✔What are the two major groups of hormones? - ✔✔Steroid and nonsteroid
✔✔What is the effect of steroid hormones? - ✔✔Enter the cell and have a direct effect
on the DNA of the nucleus.
✔✔What is the function of some nonsteroid hormones? - ✔✔Serve as protein
hormones.
✔✔What is the function of protein hormones? - ✔✔Stay at the cell surface and act
through second messenger.
✔✔What is the usual second messenger used by protein hormones? - ✔✔Adenosine
monophosphate (AMP)
✔✔How do hormones affect cell activity? - ✔✔Alters the rate of protein synthesis.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔What two systems make up the nervous system? - ✔✔CNS-Central nervous system
PNS-Peripheral nervous system
✔✔What makes up the PNS? - ✔✔All the nerves that transmit information to and from
the CNS.
✔✔What is the function of sensory (afferent) neurons? - ✔✔Transmit information to and
from the CNS.
✔✔What is the function of Motor (efferent) neurons? - ✔✔Transmit nerve impulses
away from the CNS toward the effector organs such as muscles, glands, and digestive
organs.
✔✔What are the 3 major parts of the brain? - ✔✔Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Medulla Oblongata
✔✔What is the function of the cerebrum? - ✔✔Movement & sensory input.
✔✔What is the function of the cerebellum? - ✔✔Muscular coordination.
, ✔✔What is the function of the medulla oblongata? - ✔✔Controls vital functions such as
respiration and heart rate.
✔✔How long is the spinal cord? - ✔✔18 inches long and extends from the base of the
skull to the first or second lumbar vertebrae.
✔✔How many pairs of nerves exit the spinal cord? - ✔✔31 pairs of nerves exit the
spinal cord.
✔✔What are simple (spinal) reflexes? - ✔✔Those in which nerve impulses travel
through the spinal cord only and do not reach the brain.
✔✔What is the function of the endocrine system? - ✔✔Assist the nervous system in
homeostasis and plays important roles in sexual maturation.
✔✔Where do the endocrine and nervous system meet? - ✔✔The hypothalamus and
pituitary gland
✔✔What does the hypothalamus govern? - ✔✔The pituitary gland and is controlled by
the feedback of hormones in the blood.
✔✔Which has more long-lasting effects on the body, the endocrine or the nervous
system? - ✔✔The endocrine system
✔✔What are hormones? - ✔✔Chemical messengers controlling growth, differentiation &
metabolism of cells.
✔✔What are the two major groups of hormones? - ✔✔Steroid and nonsteroid
✔✔What is the effect of steroid hormones? - ✔✔Enter the cell and have a direct effect
on the DNA of the nucleus.
✔✔What is the function of some nonsteroid hormones? - ✔✔Serve as protein
hormones.
✔✔What is the function of protein hormones? - ✔✔Stay at the cell surface and act
through second messenger.
✔✔What is the usual second messenger used by protein hormones? - ✔✔Adenosine
monophosphate (AMP)
✔✔How do hormones affect cell activity? - ✔✔Alters the rate of protein synthesis.
