4006 FINAL EXAM CORE COURSE CONCEPTS
AND ADVANCED TOPICS REVIEW 2026
◉ Which of the following is an unexpected value that the nurse, in
reviewing the results of the client's blood work, should report to the
physician?
Select one:
a. Calcium, 1.9 mmol/L
b. Sodium, 140 mmol/L
c. Potassium, 3.5 mmol/L
d. Magnesium, 1.8 mmol/L.
Answer: a. Calcium, 1.9 mmol/L
◉ A client has intravenous (IV) therapy for the administration of
antibiotics and is stating that the IV site "hurts and is swollen."
Which of the following information assessed on the client indicates
the presence of phlebitis, as opposed to infiltration?
Select one:
a. Intensity of the pain
b. Warmth of integument surrounding the IV site
,c. Amount of subcutaneous edema
d. Skin discoloration of a bruised nature.
Answer: b. Warmth of integument surrounding the IV site
◉ Which of the following is the most common electrolyte
imbalance?
Select one:
a. Hypokalemia
b. Hyperkalemia
c. Hyponatremia
d. Hypernatremia.
Answer: a. Hypokalemia
◉ The nurse will be starting a new intravenous (IV) infusion and
needs to select the site for the insertion. In selecting a site, the nurse
should do which of the following?
Select one:
a. Start with the most distal site.
b. Look for hard, cord-like veins.
c. Use the dominant arm.
,d. Vigorously rub and tap the chosen vein..
Answer: a. Start with the most distal site.
◉ The client is receiving an epidural opioid infusion for pain relief.
Which one of the following is a priority nursing intervention when
caring for this client?
Select one:
a. Use aseptic technique.
b. Label the port as an IV catheter.
c. Monitor vital signs every 15 minutes.
d. Prepare the client for discomfort he or she may encounter..
Answer: c. Monitor vital signs every 15 minutes.
◉ A 17-year-old postoperative client is laughing with friends. Soon
after they leave, he tells the nurse he is experiencing pain and asks
for something for pain. What does the nurse understand about this
situation?
Select one:
a. Teenagers will try to obtain narcotics by faking pain.
b. Distraction reduces pain awareness.
c. Postoperative pain comes on suddenly.
, d. Clients who are able to laugh are not really experiencing pain..
Answer: b. Distraction reduces pain awareness.
◉ Upon entering the client's room, the nurse discovers that the
client is experiencing acute pain. Which of the following is an
expected assessment finding for this client?
Select one:
a. Bradycardia
b. Bradypnea
c. Diaphoresis
d. Decreased muscle tension.
Answer: c. Diaphoresis
◉ A terminally ill client with liver cancer is experiencing great
discomfort. Which of the following is a realistic goal in caring for this
client?
Select one:
a. Increasingly administer narcotics to oversedate the client and
thereby decrease the pain.
b. Continue to change the analgesics until the right narcotic is found
that completely alleviates the pain.
AND ADVANCED TOPICS REVIEW 2026
◉ Which of the following is an unexpected value that the nurse, in
reviewing the results of the client's blood work, should report to the
physician?
Select one:
a. Calcium, 1.9 mmol/L
b. Sodium, 140 mmol/L
c. Potassium, 3.5 mmol/L
d. Magnesium, 1.8 mmol/L.
Answer: a. Calcium, 1.9 mmol/L
◉ A client has intravenous (IV) therapy for the administration of
antibiotics and is stating that the IV site "hurts and is swollen."
Which of the following information assessed on the client indicates
the presence of phlebitis, as opposed to infiltration?
Select one:
a. Intensity of the pain
b. Warmth of integument surrounding the IV site
,c. Amount of subcutaneous edema
d. Skin discoloration of a bruised nature.
Answer: b. Warmth of integument surrounding the IV site
◉ Which of the following is the most common electrolyte
imbalance?
Select one:
a. Hypokalemia
b. Hyperkalemia
c. Hyponatremia
d. Hypernatremia.
Answer: a. Hypokalemia
◉ The nurse will be starting a new intravenous (IV) infusion and
needs to select the site for the insertion. In selecting a site, the nurse
should do which of the following?
Select one:
a. Start with the most distal site.
b. Look for hard, cord-like veins.
c. Use the dominant arm.
,d. Vigorously rub and tap the chosen vein..
Answer: a. Start with the most distal site.
◉ The client is receiving an epidural opioid infusion for pain relief.
Which one of the following is a priority nursing intervention when
caring for this client?
Select one:
a. Use aseptic technique.
b. Label the port as an IV catheter.
c. Monitor vital signs every 15 minutes.
d. Prepare the client for discomfort he or she may encounter..
Answer: c. Monitor vital signs every 15 minutes.
◉ A 17-year-old postoperative client is laughing with friends. Soon
after they leave, he tells the nurse he is experiencing pain and asks
for something for pain. What does the nurse understand about this
situation?
Select one:
a. Teenagers will try to obtain narcotics by faking pain.
b. Distraction reduces pain awareness.
c. Postoperative pain comes on suddenly.
, d. Clients who are able to laugh are not really experiencing pain..
Answer: b. Distraction reduces pain awareness.
◉ Upon entering the client's room, the nurse discovers that the
client is experiencing acute pain. Which of the following is an
expected assessment finding for this client?
Select one:
a. Bradycardia
b. Bradypnea
c. Diaphoresis
d. Decreased muscle tension.
Answer: c. Diaphoresis
◉ A terminally ill client with liver cancer is experiencing great
discomfort. Which of the following is a realistic goal in caring for this
client?
Select one:
a. Increasingly administer narcotics to oversedate the client and
thereby decrease the pain.
b. Continue to change the analgesics until the right narcotic is found
that completely alleviates the pain.
