Genetics Exam 2 Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmwe6v
1. The cell cycle main inerphase and mitosis
parts
2. interphase Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division
3. sections of inter- G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase
phase
4. G1 phase The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle
-coming out of the previous division, the cell is smaller so it must grow
-burns energy to do so
5. S phase DNA is replicated (becomes tetraploid)
6. G1 —-> S transition the cell surveys to see if it should go into the s phase (if it is not ready, it will
replicate with a lot of mutations)
7. G2 phase the second growth phase- preparation for mitosis
8. G0 when the cell has left the cell cycle and is no longer dividing
-often comes with cell age (genetic timeline)
9. mitosis parts prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
10. how many chromo- 46 (23 pairs)
somes
11. homologues chromosomes that are given the same number, but are of opposite parental
origin
12. heterologues chromosomes from different pairs
13. how are the chromo- largest to smallest
somes numbered
, Genetics Exam 2 Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmwe6v
14. sister chromatids Identical copies of a chromosome; full sets of these are created during the
S subphase of interphase
15. Chromosome vs. Sis- A chromosome may contain 2 sister chromatids after DNA replication. A
ter Chromatid chromatid is an individual copy of a piece of DNA
16. prophase -Chromosomes become visible (held very tightly)
-nuclear envelop breaks down
-spindle starts to form
-2 centromeres
17. what serves as the no nuclear envelope in metaphase
marker to be moving
into metaphase
18. how does a mom and same sets of genes, different sequences and orders
dad copy of a gene
differ
19. metaphase characteristic alignment of chromosomes in the middle of the cell
-spindle fibers do thus
20. centrosome A structure in animal cells containing centrioles from which the spindle fibers
develop.
21. microtubules move chromosomes around and interact with centromeres
22. 2 types of micro- kinetochore and polar
tubules
23. kinetichore micro- come in context with DNA to move them (forms the kinetochore complex)
tubules
24. polar microtubules
, Genetics Exam 2 Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmwe6v
-anchor points that separate the chromatids
-push the poles of the cell away from each other during mitosis
-interact with other microtubules from the other side
25. anaphase Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite
ends of the cell
*chromatid disjunction (sister chromatids are separated)
*46 line up linearly (and split in half, 46 going to each)
-driven by the shortening of kinetochore microtubules while polar are
lengthened
26. telophase self cleavage/furrow of cell
-polar microtubules separate
-yeast cells have a scar (ring of proteins) that show where each cell closed
up
27. mitosis as a whole- a diploid mother cell (non identical but a copy from mom and dad) goes
divisions and what through replication to from a tetraploid cell
are you left with in
the end this cell goes through division to produce identical diploid daughter cells
28. meiosis as a whole- a diploid cell is replicated to from a tetraploid cell
divisions and what
are you left with in this then goes through division 1, which forms two diploid cells
the end
both of these go through division 2, to form 4 non identical haploid cells
29. mitosis division chromatid disjunction (sister chromatids are separated)
30. meiosis division 1 *chromosome disjunction
(separation of homologous chromosomes)
-23 pairs line up
-gives a diploid cells with mom DNA and a diploid cell with dad DNA
-crossing over
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmwe6v
1. The cell cycle main inerphase and mitosis
parts
2. interphase Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division
3. sections of inter- G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase
phase
4. G1 phase The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle
-coming out of the previous division, the cell is smaller so it must grow
-burns energy to do so
5. S phase DNA is replicated (becomes tetraploid)
6. G1 —-> S transition the cell surveys to see if it should go into the s phase (if it is not ready, it will
replicate with a lot of mutations)
7. G2 phase the second growth phase- preparation for mitosis
8. G0 when the cell has left the cell cycle and is no longer dividing
-often comes with cell age (genetic timeline)
9. mitosis parts prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
10. how many chromo- 46 (23 pairs)
somes
11. homologues chromosomes that are given the same number, but are of opposite parental
origin
12. heterologues chromosomes from different pairs
13. how are the chromo- largest to smallest
somes numbered
, Genetics Exam 2 Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmwe6v
14. sister chromatids Identical copies of a chromosome; full sets of these are created during the
S subphase of interphase
15. Chromosome vs. Sis- A chromosome may contain 2 sister chromatids after DNA replication. A
ter Chromatid chromatid is an individual copy of a piece of DNA
16. prophase -Chromosomes become visible (held very tightly)
-nuclear envelop breaks down
-spindle starts to form
-2 centromeres
17. what serves as the no nuclear envelope in metaphase
marker to be moving
into metaphase
18. how does a mom and same sets of genes, different sequences and orders
dad copy of a gene
differ
19. metaphase characteristic alignment of chromosomes in the middle of the cell
-spindle fibers do thus
20. centrosome A structure in animal cells containing centrioles from which the spindle fibers
develop.
21. microtubules move chromosomes around and interact with centromeres
22. 2 types of micro- kinetochore and polar
tubules
23. kinetichore micro- come in context with DNA to move them (forms the kinetochore complex)
tubules
24. polar microtubules
, Genetics Exam 2 Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmwe6v
-anchor points that separate the chromatids
-push the poles of the cell away from each other during mitosis
-interact with other microtubules from the other side
25. anaphase Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite
ends of the cell
*chromatid disjunction (sister chromatids are separated)
*46 line up linearly (and split in half, 46 going to each)
-driven by the shortening of kinetochore microtubules while polar are
lengthened
26. telophase self cleavage/furrow of cell
-polar microtubules separate
-yeast cells have a scar (ring of proteins) that show where each cell closed
up
27. mitosis as a whole- a diploid mother cell (non identical but a copy from mom and dad) goes
divisions and what through replication to from a tetraploid cell
are you left with in
the end this cell goes through division to produce identical diploid daughter cells
28. meiosis as a whole- a diploid cell is replicated to from a tetraploid cell
divisions and what
are you left with in this then goes through division 1, which forms two diploid cells
the end
both of these go through division 2, to form 4 non identical haploid cells
29. mitosis division chromatid disjunction (sister chromatids are separated)
30. meiosis division 1 *chromosome disjunction
(separation of homologous chromosomes)
-23 pairs line up
-gives a diploid cells with mom DNA and a diploid cell with dad DNA
-crossing over
