CRITICAL CARE FINAL EXAM WITH
100% CORRECT ANSWERS
What drug is the reversal for heparin?
protamine
What is the equation for calculating cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)?
MAP - ICP = CPP
The patient has been mechanically ventilated for 10 days without much
progress toward weaning after a severe head injury. What change in
treatment would you anticipate?
tracheostomy
What should you assess if you suspect abdominal compartment syndrome in
a patient? (3-5)
- abdominal distention
- UO
- bladder pressure
(pt may also have increased ICP and ventilation issues)
,What medication should you administer if cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)
is poor?
vasopressor: norepinephrine
What medication should you administer if a patient has increased ICP?
osmotic diuretic: mannitol (will decrease cerebral swelling)
What is the purpose of hyperventilation in a patient with increased ICP?
keeps CO2 low (the use of an ambu bag will be the last ditch effort)
What does the brain need a continuous supply of? (2)
- oxygen
- glucose
How do you monitor oxygen and glucose levels in the brain?
measured with a catheter
- brain tissue oxygen pressure
- PbtO2
(make sure nutritional status is satisfactory)
Why might patients get worse over a few days following a brain injury?
, secondary injury causing inflammation and cerebral edema
What is the term for when a patient has accumulated urea and creatinine in
their blood?
azotemia
Immediately following placement of an endotracheal tube, correct position of
the tube can be confirmed by:
A. arterial blood gases
B. a cuff pressure manometer
C. an end-tidal CO2 detector
D. observation of suctioned secretions
C. an end-tidal CO2 detector
The following intervention(s) can decrease the incidence of pneumonia in
patients with endotracheal tubes in place:
A. brush teeth with a soft brush
B. brush tongue and gums with a foam swab
C. suction oropharynx above the tube cuff
D. all of the above
D. all of the above
Complications of endotracheal intubation include all the following except:
A. pulmonary edema
B. vomiting and aspiration
100% CORRECT ANSWERS
What drug is the reversal for heparin?
protamine
What is the equation for calculating cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)?
MAP - ICP = CPP
The patient has been mechanically ventilated for 10 days without much
progress toward weaning after a severe head injury. What change in
treatment would you anticipate?
tracheostomy
What should you assess if you suspect abdominal compartment syndrome in
a patient? (3-5)
- abdominal distention
- UO
- bladder pressure
(pt may also have increased ICP and ventilation issues)
,What medication should you administer if cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)
is poor?
vasopressor: norepinephrine
What medication should you administer if a patient has increased ICP?
osmotic diuretic: mannitol (will decrease cerebral swelling)
What is the purpose of hyperventilation in a patient with increased ICP?
keeps CO2 low (the use of an ambu bag will be the last ditch effort)
What does the brain need a continuous supply of? (2)
- oxygen
- glucose
How do you monitor oxygen and glucose levels in the brain?
measured with a catheter
- brain tissue oxygen pressure
- PbtO2
(make sure nutritional status is satisfactory)
Why might patients get worse over a few days following a brain injury?
, secondary injury causing inflammation and cerebral edema
What is the term for when a patient has accumulated urea and creatinine in
their blood?
azotemia
Immediately following placement of an endotracheal tube, correct position of
the tube can be confirmed by:
A. arterial blood gases
B. a cuff pressure manometer
C. an end-tidal CO2 detector
D. observation of suctioned secretions
C. an end-tidal CO2 detector
The following intervention(s) can decrease the incidence of pneumonia in
patients with endotracheal tubes in place:
A. brush teeth with a soft brush
B. brush tongue and gums with a foam swab
C. suction oropharynx above the tube cuff
D. all of the above
D. all of the above
Complications of endotracheal intubation include all the following except:
A. pulmonary edema
B. vomiting and aspiration
