lOMoAR cPSD| 67928686
1
ATI NUR 426 Exam 1 Study Guide 2026 | Comprehensive
Nursing Review Notes, Practice Questions & Quizlet Revision
Resource
NUR 426 Exam 1
Concept & Medication Quizlet
● Module 1: DIC, Hematologic Drugs
● Module 2: Sickle Cell, Hemophilia, and blood products
● Module 3: Complementary and Alternative Therapies, Cancers, Chemotherapy/Radiation, End of
Life
You should know normal values for the following (use your Harding et al.(2026) text for reference):
Quizlet
● INR: 0.8-1.1
● aPTT: 30-40 sec
● Platelet count: 150,000-400,000
● RBCs
○ Men: 4.7-6.1 ○ Women: 4.2-5.4 ● Hemoglobin:
○ Men: 14-18 ○
Women: 12-16 ●
Hematocrit:
○ Men: 42-52%
○ Women: 37-47%
● WBCs: 5000-10,000
● ANC (Absolute Neutrophil Count): 2,500-6,000
You should know the significance of the following (why would it be high vs low), but do not need to
know normal ranges
● The concept of “therapeutic ranges” (pertaining to PT/INR, aPTT, PTT)
○ HIGH (longer time to clot → higher risk of bleeding)
○ LOW (faster to clot → higher risk of clotting)
● PT → prothrombin time, sometimes referred to as PT or pro time test, is a test to evaluate blood
clotting. Prothrombin is a protein produced by your liver. It is one of many factors in your blood
that help it to clot appropriately
○ HIGH (longer time to clot → higher risk of bleeding) **often prolonged in DIC
○ LOW (faster to clot → higher risk of clotting)
● PTT → partial thromboplastin time is a blood test that measures the time it takes your blood to
clot. A PTT test can be used to check for bleeding problems. Blood clotting factors are needed for
blood to clot (coagulation).
pg. 1
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○ HIGH (longer time to clot → higher risk of bleeding) **often prolonged in DIC
○ LOW (faster to clot → higher risk of clotting)
● Fibrinogen
○ LOW in DIC: one of the clotting factors (all circulating factors are being diminished)
■ Less fibrin → higher risk of bleeding
● Clotting factors
○ Platelets LOW in DIC: being used in microclots, presence of large platelets (smaller
platelets being used in microclots, larger ones are “free”
● D-dimer
○ HIGH in DIC: results from clot breakdown (D-dimer is specific type of FSP)
The following medications could be tested on this exam. You should know the medication’s
indications, side effects, and nursing considerations when administering these:
● Hydroxyurea
● Aspirin
● Ibuprofen
● Celecoxib
● Acetaminophen
Medications from your Pharmacology Made Easy (4.0) modules will also be on the exam. Note the
associated learning objectives listed in Module 1a and 3a below in blue.
The following additional drugs/drug categories could be tested as potential drug interactions. Be able
to identify how these medications/drug categories would interact with medications related to your
Pharmacology Made Easy modules listed below.
- All other drugs reviewed in the Hematologic System module (eg. how do these drugs interact
with each other)
- NSAIDS → increase bleeding
- Vitamin C → increases absorption of ferrous sulfate
- Glucocorticoids → increase bleeding
- Vitamin K → warfarin (coumadin) antidote
- Aspirin → increase bleeding
Total questions: 55
Module 1: Hematologic Drugs and DIC (16 questions) Associated Learning
Outcomes:
1. Discuss the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic concepts of hematologic drugs including:
mechanisms of action, adverse drug reactions, drug and food interactions, nursing implications,
and client education. 4 Q’S
● Look at them drug tables
pg. 2
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2. Apply knowledge of the pathophysiology of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) to
providing quality nursing care. (includes etiology) 4 Q’S
● DIC: is an abnormal response of the clotting cascade stimulated by a disease
process/disorder (it is not a disease)
○ Acute DIC: Acute cancer, shock, burns, post-op, transplant rejection, vascular
disorders
○ Subacute DIC: Metastatic cancer, retained fetus
○ Chronic DIC: Cancer, liver disease, SLE
pg. 3
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3. Prioritize clinical manifestations of DIC 4 Q’S
● Laboratory Findings
Widespread coagulation → increased microclots (uses up clotting factors and platelets)
○ Platelets: LOW
○ Blood Smears: fragmented red cells (schistocytes) due to trauma to RBCS from
excessive clotting
○ Fibrinogen: LOW
○ Bleeding/coagulation times: often prolonged, not enough factors available to
coagulate efficiently
■ PT > 15 sec, INR > 1.2 sec
■ PTT > 60 sec, aPTT > 40 sec
Fibrinolysis being triggered → produces FSPs
○ D-dimer: HIGH results from clot breakdown
BLEEDING Manifestations
CLOTTING Manifestations
● Integumentary
● Integumentary
○ Pallor
○ Cyanosis
○ Petechiae
○ Ischemic tissue necrosis
○ Purpura
○ Hemorrhage necrosis ●
○ Oozing blood
Respiratory
○ Venipuncture
pg. 4
1
ATI NUR 426 Exam 1 Study Guide 2026 | Comprehensive
Nursing Review Notes, Practice Questions & Quizlet Revision
Resource
NUR 426 Exam 1
Concept & Medication Quizlet
● Module 1: DIC, Hematologic Drugs
● Module 2: Sickle Cell, Hemophilia, and blood products
● Module 3: Complementary and Alternative Therapies, Cancers, Chemotherapy/Radiation, End of
Life
You should know normal values for the following (use your Harding et al.(2026) text for reference):
Quizlet
● INR: 0.8-1.1
● aPTT: 30-40 sec
● Platelet count: 150,000-400,000
● RBCs
○ Men: 4.7-6.1 ○ Women: 4.2-5.4 ● Hemoglobin:
○ Men: 14-18 ○
Women: 12-16 ●
Hematocrit:
○ Men: 42-52%
○ Women: 37-47%
● WBCs: 5000-10,000
● ANC (Absolute Neutrophil Count): 2,500-6,000
You should know the significance of the following (why would it be high vs low), but do not need to
know normal ranges
● The concept of “therapeutic ranges” (pertaining to PT/INR, aPTT, PTT)
○ HIGH (longer time to clot → higher risk of bleeding)
○ LOW (faster to clot → higher risk of clotting)
● PT → prothrombin time, sometimes referred to as PT or pro time test, is a test to evaluate blood
clotting. Prothrombin is a protein produced by your liver. It is one of many factors in your blood
that help it to clot appropriately
○ HIGH (longer time to clot → higher risk of bleeding) **often prolonged in DIC
○ LOW (faster to clot → higher risk of clotting)
● PTT → partial thromboplastin time is a blood test that measures the time it takes your blood to
clot. A PTT test can be used to check for bleeding problems. Blood clotting factors are needed for
blood to clot (coagulation).
pg. 1
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2
○ HIGH (longer time to clot → higher risk of bleeding) **often prolonged in DIC
○ LOW (faster to clot → higher risk of clotting)
● Fibrinogen
○ LOW in DIC: one of the clotting factors (all circulating factors are being diminished)
■ Less fibrin → higher risk of bleeding
● Clotting factors
○ Platelets LOW in DIC: being used in microclots, presence of large platelets (smaller
platelets being used in microclots, larger ones are “free”
● D-dimer
○ HIGH in DIC: results from clot breakdown (D-dimer is specific type of FSP)
The following medications could be tested on this exam. You should know the medication’s
indications, side effects, and nursing considerations when administering these:
● Hydroxyurea
● Aspirin
● Ibuprofen
● Celecoxib
● Acetaminophen
Medications from your Pharmacology Made Easy (4.0) modules will also be on the exam. Note the
associated learning objectives listed in Module 1a and 3a below in blue.
The following additional drugs/drug categories could be tested as potential drug interactions. Be able
to identify how these medications/drug categories would interact with medications related to your
Pharmacology Made Easy modules listed below.
- All other drugs reviewed in the Hematologic System module (eg. how do these drugs interact
with each other)
- NSAIDS → increase bleeding
- Vitamin C → increases absorption of ferrous sulfate
- Glucocorticoids → increase bleeding
- Vitamin K → warfarin (coumadin) antidote
- Aspirin → increase bleeding
Total questions: 55
Module 1: Hematologic Drugs and DIC (16 questions) Associated Learning
Outcomes:
1. Discuss the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic concepts of hematologic drugs including:
mechanisms of action, adverse drug reactions, drug and food interactions, nursing implications,
and client education. 4 Q’S
● Look at them drug tables
pg. 2
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3
2. Apply knowledge of the pathophysiology of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) to
providing quality nursing care. (includes etiology) 4 Q’S
● DIC: is an abnormal response of the clotting cascade stimulated by a disease
process/disorder (it is not a disease)
○ Acute DIC: Acute cancer, shock, burns, post-op, transplant rejection, vascular
disorders
○ Subacute DIC: Metastatic cancer, retained fetus
○ Chronic DIC: Cancer, liver disease, SLE
pg. 3
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4
3. Prioritize clinical manifestations of DIC 4 Q’S
● Laboratory Findings
Widespread coagulation → increased microclots (uses up clotting factors and platelets)
○ Platelets: LOW
○ Blood Smears: fragmented red cells (schistocytes) due to trauma to RBCS from
excessive clotting
○ Fibrinogen: LOW
○ Bleeding/coagulation times: often prolonged, not enough factors available to
coagulate efficiently
■ PT > 15 sec, INR > 1.2 sec
■ PTT > 60 sec, aPTT > 40 sec
Fibrinolysis being triggered → produces FSPs
○ D-dimer: HIGH results from clot breakdown
BLEEDING Manifestations
CLOTTING Manifestations
● Integumentary
● Integumentary
○ Pallor
○ Cyanosis
○ Petechiae
○ Ischemic tissue necrosis
○ Purpura
○ Hemorrhage necrosis ●
○ Oozing blood
Respiratory
○ Venipuncture
pg. 4
