GSEC MIDTERM EVALUATION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+

GSEC MIDTERM EVALUATION 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+

●● What are the layers of the TCP/IP Model from top to bottom?
Answer: Application, Transport, Internet and Link Layer


●● What is the address space used for loopback addressing?
Answer: 127.0.0.0 - 127.255.255.255


●● What is the address space used when a DHCP server is not available?
Answer: 169.254.0.1 - 169.254.255.255


●● What are the private IP ranges?
Answer: 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255, 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255,
192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255


●● What protocols are used in the Data Link Layer?
Answer: Ethernet, Point to Point Protocol (PPP) and ADCCP (Advanced
Data Communication Control Protocol)


●● What protocols is utilized in the Network Layer?
Answer: Internet Protocol (IP)

,●● What protocols are utilized in the Transport Layer?
Answer: UDP and TCP


●● What protocols are utilized on the Session Layer?
Answer: NetBIOS


●● What types of formats are used at the presentation layer?
Answer: XML and JPEG


●● What layer of the OSI model does encrypting and decrypting take
place?
Answer: Presentation Layer


●● What protocols are utilized at the Application Layer?
Answer: SMTP, IMAP, POP, NTP and HTTP


●● What protocols are utilized inside the Link Layer?
Answer: Ethernet


●● What layers does the Link layer correspond to in the OSI Model?
Answer: Physical and Data Link

,●● What protocols are utilized inside the Internet layer?
Answer: Internet Protocol (IP)


●● What protocols are utilized inside the Transport layer of the TCP/IP
Model??
Answer: TCP and UDP


●● What protocols are utilized within the Application Layer of the
TCP/IP model?
Answer: Telnet, Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP),
HTML, LDAP, FTP, SSH


●● What layers of the OSI Model comprise the TCP/IP layers
Application Layer?
Answer: Session, Presentation and Application


●● What protocol is a support protocol within the TCP/IP Suite?
Answer: Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)


●● What range is the Class A IP Range?
Answer: 0.0.0.0-127.255.255.255

, ●● What range is the Class B IP Range?
Answer: 128.0.0.0-191.255.255.255


●● What range is the Class C IP Range?
Answer: 192.0.0.0-223.255.255.255


●● What range is the Class D IP Range?
Answer: 224.0.0.0-239.255.255.255


●● What range is the Class E IP Range?
Answer: 240.0.0.0 - 254.255.255.255


●● Name some physical network topologies.
Answer: Bus, Star, Rings, Star-Bus Hybrid, Mesh


●● What network model uses a lot of cable because you need to use
home runs back to the switch or hub?
Answer: Star


●● In general peer-to-peer networks are often?
Answer: Mesh Networks