5/24/26, 6:47 PM Acid-Base Pathophysiology — Test
Test
Acid-Base Disorders Pathophysiology Test High-Yield Exam Review
Incorrect 0 Skipped 0 Correct 70
https://www.test.com/qa/acid-base-pathophysiology-209616 1/31
,5/24/26, 6:47 PM Acid-Base Pathophysiology — Test
QUESTION
what are the cardiovascular manifestation during acute
respiratory alkalosis
1. bhypocalcemia due to increased negative charges on
albumin: tetany, paresthesias, atrail/ventricular
tachyarrhythmias
2. alkalosis and hypokalemia sensitize the heart to
digoxin and prolongeg the QT interval on ECG
QUESTION
what is the serum electrolyte profile for anion-gap
metabolic acidosis (Na, bicarb, Chloride)
Na = normal
HCO3 = decreased
Cl = normal
*unmeasured anion = increased
QUESTION
what does a delta gap >+6 or <-6 signify
https://www.cram.com/flashcards/acid-base-pathophysiology-2096161/test 2/31
,5/24/26, 6:47 PM Acid-Base Pathophysiology — Test
that there is a >90% that a second acid-base
disturbance exists in the presence of anion-gap
metabolic acidosis
QUESTION
shortcut delta gap equation
Na - Cl - 37
QUESTION
cause for increased anion-gap during metabolic acidosis
accumulation of an acid accompanied by an anion other
than Cl consumes plasma HCO3, the fall in HCO3
concentration is balanced by an equal rise in the
concentration of the non-Cl anion
QUESTION
https://www.cram.com/flashcards/acid-base-pathophysiology-2096161/test 3/31
, 5/24/26, 6:47 PM Acid-Base Pathophysiology — Test
How much fixed acid does a person on a typical Western
diet typically generate per day
1 mmol of fixed acid per Kg of body weight
QUESTION
differentiate chloride-sensitive and chloride-resistant
metabolic alkalosis
chloride-sensitive - decreased ECF volume causes
secondary activation of RAAS (vomiting, NG suctioning,
loop diuretics)
chloride-resistant - ECF volume expansion secondary
to hyperaldosteronism (primary, secondary, SAME,
licorice)
QUESTION
what are the two types of non anion-gap metabolic
acidosis and what are their respective causes
hypokalmic - loss of bicarb and K from stool or urine
(diarrhea, type 1 and 2 RTA, or carbonic anhydrase
https://www.cram.com/flashcards/acid-base-pathophysiology-2096161/test 4/31
Test
Acid-Base Disorders Pathophysiology Test High-Yield Exam Review
Incorrect 0 Skipped 0 Correct 70
https://www.test.com/qa/acid-base-pathophysiology-209616 1/31
,5/24/26, 6:47 PM Acid-Base Pathophysiology — Test
QUESTION
what are the cardiovascular manifestation during acute
respiratory alkalosis
1. bhypocalcemia due to increased negative charges on
albumin: tetany, paresthesias, atrail/ventricular
tachyarrhythmias
2. alkalosis and hypokalemia sensitize the heart to
digoxin and prolongeg the QT interval on ECG
QUESTION
what is the serum electrolyte profile for anion-gap
metabolic acidosis (Na, bicarb, Chloride)
Na = normal
HCO3 = decreased
Cl = normal
*unmeasured anion = increased
QUESTION
what does a delta gap >+6 or <-6 signify
https://www.cram.com/flashcards/acid-base-pathophysiology-2096161/test 2/31
,5/24/26, 6:47 PM Acid-Base Pathophysiology — Test
that there is a >90% that a second acid-base
disturbance exists in the presence of anion-gap
metabolic acidosis
QUESTION
shortcut delta gap equation
Na - Cl - 37
QUESTION
cause for increased anion-gap during metabolic acidosis
accumulation of an acid accompanied by an anion other
than Cl consumes plasma HCO3, the fall in HCO3
concentration is balanced by an equal rise in the
concentration of the non-Cl anion
QUESTION
https://www.cram.com/flashcards/acid-base-pathophysiology-2096161/test 3/31
, 5/24/26, 6:47 PM Acid-Base Pathophysiology — Test
How much fixed acid does a person on a typical Western
diet typically generate per day
1 mmol of fixed acid per Kg of body weight
QUESTION
differentiate chloride-sensitive and chloride-resistant
metabolic alkalosis
chloride-sensitive - decreased ECF volume causes
secondary activation of RAAS (vomiting, NG suctioning,
loop diuretics)
chloride-resistant - ECF volume expansion secondary
to hyperaldosteronism (primary, secondary, SAME,
licorice)
QUESTION
what are the two types of non anion-gap metabolic
acidosis and what are their respective causes
hypokalmic - loss of bicarb and K from stool or urine
(diarrhea, type 1 and 2 RTA, or carbonic anhydrase
https://www.cram.com/flashcards/acid-base-pathophysiology-2096161/test 4/31
