BOD Renal Acid-Base Disorders Pathophysiology Test (Practice Questions & Answers).pdf

5/24/26, 6:35 PM BOD: Renal: Pathophysiology of Acid-base Disorders — Test




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BOD: Renal: Pathophysiology of Acid-base Disorders




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,5/24/26, 6:35 PM BOD: Renal: Pathophysiology of Acid-base Disorders — Test




QUESTION


What is a "normal" anion gap?

around 10 mEq/L. (anything below 12)




QUESTION


The appropriate respiratory compensation in metabolic
acidosis can be calculated using what formula?

The Winter Formula:
Expected PCO2 = 1.5[HCO3-] + 8 +/- 2
For example, if bicarb was 16 mEq/L, then [(1.5 x 16) + 8]
= approx 32. (This would indicate that the person was
breathing at an increased rate, blowing off CO2)




QUESTION


What is the primary cause of reduced H+ excretion in
renal failure? (What can worsen this situation?)




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, 5/24/26, 6:35 PM BOD: Renal: Pathophysiology of Acid-base Disorders — Test



Inadequate amt of urinary ammonia. (Hyperkalemia can
worsen this acidosis).




QUESTION


What is meant by "hyperchloremic acidosis"?

When the fall in serum bicarbonate is matched by a rise
in chloride levels. Thus, the chloride levels rise, but the
anion gap does not (think: Cl- + HCO3-)




QUESTION


Explain Type 1 Renal Tubular Acidosis. Explain how it
affects H+, Na+, and K+.

This is a distal RTA. H+ secretion into the collecting
tubules is impaired. H+ is not sec, so get metabolic
acidosis. Na+ can still be exchanged for K+, however, so
often see marked hypokalemia with a urine with a pH of
5.5 to 6.0 (Higher than you'd expect for an acidotic
individual. Higher because the patient can’ t acidify the
urine).


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