,Chapter 01: Microbes Shape Our History
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
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1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
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a. nitrogen fixation z! c. synthesis of vitamins z! z!
b. production of fermented foods z! d. causative agents of disease
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ANS: D z! DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
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bering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
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a. fungi.
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b. E. coli.
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ANS: C z! DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
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e domains have in common and how they differ.
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3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
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a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. z!
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
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ANS: B z! DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
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e domains have in common and how they differ.
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4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
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, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
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ANS: D z! DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
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e domains have in common and how they differ.
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5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
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a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
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b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
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ANS: C z! DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
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e domains have in common and how they differ.
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6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
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a. the absence of proteins
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b. the presence of DNA
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c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
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d. the presence of a cell wall
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ANS: C z! DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
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e domains have in common and how they differ.
z! z! z! MSC: Remembering
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7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc losel
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y related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
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a. physical characteristics z! c. DNA sequence comparison z! z!
b. method of reproduction z! z! d. environmental habitat z ! z!
ANS: C z! DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
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e domains have in common and how they differ.
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8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
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a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli z!
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D z! DIF: Moderate REF: z ! 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
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e domains have in common and how they differ.
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9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
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a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi z !
ANS: A z ! DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
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e domains have in common and how they differ.
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10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
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a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses z ! z!
ANS: B z! DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
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e domains have in common and how they differ.
z! z! z! MSC: Understanding
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11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess of a
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n organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic that target
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s cellular metabolic enzymes?
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a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba z! z!
b. Herpes virus z! d. bread mold z ! z!
ANS: B z! DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: Anal
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yzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
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a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
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b. Catherine of Siena
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ANS: C z! DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 z!
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MSC:
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Remembering
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
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a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
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b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
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c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi nfection.
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d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
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ANS: D z! DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 z!
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC:
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Understanding
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
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a. vinegar eels z! c. mold filaments z!
b. dust mites z! d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis z!
ANS: D z! DIF: Moderate REF: z ! 1.2
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
z!
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. nitrogen fixation z! c. synthesis of vitamins z! z!
b. production of fermented foods z! d. causative agents of disease
z! z! z ! z! z! z!
ANS: D z! DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z ! C: Remem
z!
bering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. fungi.
z ! c. virus.
b. E. coli.
z ! z! d. algae.
ANS: C z! DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z ! z!
e domains have in common and how they differ.
z! z! z! z! MSC: Applying z! z! z! z! z!
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
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a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. z!
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
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ANS: B z! DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
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e domains have in common and how they differ.
z! z! z! z! MSC: Applying z! z! z! z! z!
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
z !
ANS: D z! DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z ! z!
e domains have in common and how they differ.
z! z! z! MSC: Applying
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5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
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a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
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b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
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ANS: C z! DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
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e domains have in common and how they differ.
z! z! z! MSC: Applying
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6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. the absence of proteins
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b. the presence of DNA
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c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
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d. the presence of a cell wall
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ANS: C z! DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z ! z!
e domains have in common and how they differ.
z! z! z! MSC: Remembering
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7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc losel
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z !
y related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. physical characteristics z! c. DNA sequence comparison z! z!
b. method of reproduction z! z! d. environmental habitat z ! z!
ANS: C z! DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z ! z!
e domains have in common and how they differ.
z! z! z! MSC: Applying
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8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli z!
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D z! DIF: Moderate REF: z ! 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z ! e thre
z!
e domains have in common and how they differ.
z! z! z! MSC: Understanding
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9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi z !
ANS: A z ! DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z ! z!
e domains have in common and how they differ.
z! z! z! MSC: Understanding
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10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses z ! z!
ANS: B z! DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z ! e thre
z!
e domains have in common and how they differ.
z! z! z! MSC: Understanding
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11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess of a
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z ! z! z!
n organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic that target
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
s cellular metabolic enzymes?
z! z! z!
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba z! z!
b. Herpes virus z! d. bread mold z ! z!
ANS: B z! DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 z!
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: Anal
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z ! z!
yzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
z ! z! c. Robert Hooke
z! z!
b. Catherine of Siena
z ! z!d. Louis Pasteur
z! z!
ANS: C z! DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 z!
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MSC:
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z ! z!
Remembering
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi nfection.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z !
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
ANS: D z! DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 z!
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC:
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Understanding
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z! z!
a. vinegar eels z! c. mold filaments z!
b. dust mites z! d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis z!
ANS: D z! DIF: Moderate REF: z ! 1.2
