FISDAP AIRWAY COMPREHENSIVE
TEST SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT.
◉ Mediastinum. Answer- The space between the lungs that contains,
in addition to the trachea, the heart, great vessels, and a portion of the
esophagus. Main thing to know- the heart is housed there.
◉ Carina. Answer- Where the right and left mainstem bronchi branch
off.
◉ Goblet Cells. Answer- Mucous producing cells, that are lined in the
trachea and bronchi. They trap small particles and other potential
contaminants.
◉ Beta-2 Adrenergic Receptors. Answer- Stimulate bronchodilation.
◉ # of Lobes in each Lung. Answer- Right lung- 3, Left lung- 2.
◉ Visceral pleura. Answer- Thin, slippery, outer membrane covering
the lungs.
◉ Parietal Pluera. Answer- Lines the inside of the thoracic cavity.
,◉ Bronchioles. Answer- Made of smooth muscle & lined with beta-2
receptors, which can dilate and constrict based on stimuli.
◉ Alveoli. Answer- Balloon-like clusters of single-layer air sacs, and
serve as the functional site for the exchange of oxygen and CO2. This
exchange occurs by simple diffusion over the pulmonary capillaries.
◉ Ventilation. Answer- Process of moving air in and out of the lungs.
Consist of two phases- inhalation and exhalation.
◉ Oxygenation. Answer- Process of loading O2 molecules onto
hemoglobin molecules in the bloodstream.
◉ Respiration. Answer- Actual exchange of O2 and CO2 in the
alveoli and the tissues of the body.
◉ Inhalation. Answer- Air enters the body, the diaphragm and
intercostal muscles contract. When the diaphragm contracts, it
descends and enlarges the thoracic cage from top to bottom. When the
intercostal muscles contract, they lift the ribs up and out.
◉ Diaphragm. Answer- Stimulated by the Phrenic Nerve, it is a
voluntary and involuntary muscle.
◉ Accessory Muscles. Answer- Secondary muscles of breathing, and
include the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles of the neck.
, ◉ Negative Pressure Ventilation. Answer- The air outside the body, is
normally higher in pressure than the air within the thorax. During
inhalation, the thoracic cage expands and the air within the thorax
decreases, creating a slight vacuum. The vacuum pulls the air in
through the trachea, causing the lungs to fill.
◉ Positive Pressure Ventilation. Answer- With ineffective chest
movement, or no chest movement, negative intrathoracic pressure
cannot be created. When this occurs, the only way to move air into the
lungs is by PPV, the forcing of air into the lungs.
◉ Tidal Vol/Dead Space/Residual Vol/Total Lung Capacity. Answer-
Tidal- 500ml
Total Lung Capacity- 6,000ml/5-6L
Dead Space- 150ml
Residual Vol- 1,200ml
◉ Hering- Breuer Reflex. Answer- Terminates inhalation to prevent
over-expansion of the lungs.
◉ Medulla. Answer- Primary involuntary (autonomic) respiratory
center. Connected to the respiratory muscles by the vagus nerve. The
medullary respiratory center controls the rate, depth, and rhythm of
breathing.
◉ Chemoreceptors. Answer- Receptors that monitor the chemical
composition (pH, CO2,) of body fluids that are located throughout the
body. They measure the amount of CO2 in arterial blood and pH in
TEST SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT.
◉ Mediastinum. Answer- The space between the lungs that contains,
in addition to the trachea, the heart, great vessels, and a portion of the
esophagus. Main thing to know- the heart is housed there.
◉ Carina. Answer- Where the right and left mainstem bronchi branch
off.
◉ Goblet Cells. Answer- Mucous producing cells, that are lined in the
trachea and bronchi. They trap small particles and other potential
contaminants.
◉ Beta-2 Adrenergic Receptors. Answer- Stimulate bronchodilation.
◉ # of Lobes in each Lung. Answer- Right lung- 3, Left lung- 2.
◉ Visceral pleura. Answer- Thin, slippery, outer membrane covering
the lungs.
◉ Parietal Pluera. Answer- Lines the inside of the thoracic cavity.
,◉ Bronchioles. Answer- Made of smooth muscle & lined with beta-2
receptors, which can dilate and constrict based on stimuli.
◉ Alveoli. Answer- Balloon-like clusters of single-layer air sacs, and
serve as the functional site for the exchange of oxygen and CO2. This
exchange occurs by simple diffusion over the pulmonary capillaries.
◉ Ventilation. Answer- Process of moving air in and out of the lungs.
Consist of two phases- inhalation and exhalation.
◉ Oxygenation. Answer- Process of loading O2 molecules onto
hemoglobin molecules in the bloodstream.
◉ Respiration. Answer- Actual exchange of O2 and CO2 in the
alveoli and the tissues of the body.
◉ Inhalation. Answer- Air enters the body, the diaphragm and
intercostal muscles contract. When the diaphragm contracts, it
descends and enlarges the thoracic cage from top to bottom. When the
intercostal muscles contract, they lift the ribs up and out.
◉ Diaphragm. Answer- Stimulated by the Phrenic Nerve, it is a
voluntary and involuntary muscle.
◉ Accessory Muscles. Answer- Secondary muscles of breathing, and
include the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles of the neck.
, ◉ Negative Pressure Ventilation. Answer- The air outside the body, is
normally higher in pressure than the air within the thorax. During
inhalation, the thoracic cage expands and the air within the thorax
decreases, creating a slight vacuum. The vacuum pulls the air in
through the trachea, causing the lungs to fill.
◉ Positive Pressure Ventilation. Answer- With ineffective chest
movement, or no chest movement, negative intrathoracic pressure
cannot be created. When this occurs, the only way to move air into the
lungs is by PPV, the forcing of air into the lungs.
◉ Tidal Vol/Dead Space/Residual Vol/Total Lung Capacity. Answer-
Tidal- 500ml
Total Lung Capacity- 6,000ml/5-6L
Dead Space- 150ml
Residual Vol- 1,200ml
◉ Hering- Breuer Reflex. Answer- Terminates inhalation to prevent
over-expansion of the lungs.
◉ Medulla. Answer- Primary involuntary (autonomic) respiratory
center. Connected to the respiratory muscles by the vagus nerve. The
medullary respiratory center controls the rate, depth, and rhythm of
breathing.
◉ Chemoreceptors. Answer- Receptors that monitor the chemical
composition (pH, CO2,) of body fluids that are located throughout the
body. They measure the amount of CO2 in arterial blood and pH in
