PORTH'S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
◉Types of Parasites. Answer: 1) Protozoas
2) Helminths
3) Arthropods
◉Protozoa. Answer: - unicellular, eukaryotic
- sexual or asexual reproduction
- several maturation stages requiring more than one host
- most = saprophytes
- shed in feces of infected host
◉Some diseases caused by Protozoa. Answer: malaria, amebic
dysentery, giardiasis
◉Transmission of Protozoa. Answer: indirectly or directly from host
to host
- sexual contact
, - contaminated water or food
- anthropod vector
◉Trophozoites. Answer: when cysts reach intestine - matured into
vegetative forms that are capable of asexual reproduction; motile by
flagella, cilia, or ameboid motion
◉Helminths. Answer: wormlike parasites that sexually reproduce
within host (some require intermediate host)
◉Transmission of Helminths. Answer: ingestion of fertilized eggs
(ova) or penetration of larva into skin
◉Types of Helminths. Answer: 1) cestodes - tapeworms
2) nematodes - roundworms
2) trematodes - flukes
◉vector. Answer: any agent that carries and transmits an infectious
pathogen to another living organism
◉Arthropods. Answer: vectors of infectious disease [ectoparasites]
◉Types of Arthropods. Answer: ticks, mosquitos, biting fleas
CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
◉Types of Parasites. Answer: 1) Protozoas
2) Helminths
3) Arthropods
◉Protozoa. Answer: - unicellular, eukaryotic
- sexual or asexual reproduction
- several maturation stages requiring more than one host
- most = saprophytes
- shed in feces of infected host
◉Some diseases caused by Protozoa. Answer: malaria, amebic
dysentery, giardiasis
◉Transmission of Protozoa. Answer: indirectly or directly from host
to host
- sexual contact
, - contaminated water or food
- anthropod vector
◉Trophozoites. Answer: when cysts reach intestine - matured into
vegetative forms that are capable of asexual reproduction; motile by
flagella, cilia, or ameboid motion
◉Helminths. Answer: wormlike parasites that sexually reproduce
within host (some require intermediate host)
◉Transmission of Helminths. Answer: ingestion of fertilized eggs
(ova) or penetration of larva into skin
◉Types of Helminths. Answer: 1) cestodes - tapeworms
2) nematodes - roundworms
2) trematodes - flukes
◉vector. Answer: any agent that carries and transmits an infectious
pathogen to another living organism
◉Arthropods. Answer: vectors of infectious disease [ectoparasites]
◉Types of Arthropods. Answer: ticks, mosquitos, biting fleas
