NCLEX-RN Fundamentals of Nursing
Examination 2026-2027: 100 Practice
Questions with Answers on Nutrition,
Fluids & Electrolytes, Elimination,
Delegation, and Health Promotion
Description:
Master NCLEX-RN fundamentals with 100 exam-style questions and rationales for 2026-
2027. Covers nutrition, fluid balance, elimination, delegation, and health promotion.
Download the complete practice exam now and pass on your first attempt.
,NCLEX-RN Fundamentals 2026-2027: 100 Questions & Answers
Question 1
A nurse provides education to a patient about the difference between simple and complex
carbohydrates. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "Simple carbohydrates give me quick energy."
B. "Complex carbohydrates come from fruit."
C. "Complex carbohydrates take longer to break down."
D. "Simple carbohydrates come from milk products."
Answer: B
Explanation: Complex carbohydrates are found in foods such as whole grains, legumes, and
starchy vegetables. Fruits contain primarily simple carbohydrates (fructose), though they also
provide fiber and other nutrients. The patient's statement that complex carbohydrates come
from fruit is incorrect and requires correction.
Question 2
The nurse teaches a family member to provide the patient with how much dietary fiber per
day according to current dietary guidelines?
A. 25 to 35 grams
B. 20 to 35 grams
C. 25 to 40 grams
D. 20 to 40 grams
Answer: B
Explanation: Current dietary guidelines recommend 20 to 35 grams of dietary fiber daily for
adults. This amount supports digestive health, helps maintain bowel regularity, and may
reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
Question 3
The nurse provides education to an older adult about healthy diet strategies to address age-
related challenges. Which statement indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I should choose foods that are nutrient dense."
B. "High-fiber foods minimize the risk of constipation."
C. "I should eat more calories to avoid malnutrition."
D. "I can add spices to enhance the taste of food."
,Answer: C
Explanation: Older adults typically require fewer calories due to decreased metabolic rate
and reduced physical activity. Eating more calories without adjusting for activity level can
lead to unwanted weight gain. The focus should be on nutrient-dense foods rather than
increasing caloric intake.
Question 4
When caring for an adolescent patient with anorexia nervosa, the nurse recognizes which
approach as the best treatment option?
A. Hospitalization with skilled nursing care
B. Compulsory tube feedings
C. Individually determined by a collaborative team
D. Outpatient treatment
Answer: C
Explanation: Treatment for anorexia nervosa requires an individualized approach
determined by a collaborative team including medical providers, mental health professionals,
dietitians, and family members. The severity of the condition determines the level of care,
which may range from outpatient therapy to inpatient hospitalization.
Question 5
The nurse is educating a patient about a renal diet. Which statement by the patient indicates a
need for further teaching?
A. "I need to eat a low-sodium diet."
B. "I can have limited amounts of meat."
C. "I can drink unlimited cola if it is diet."
D. "I should avoid or limit bananas."
Answer: C
Explanation: Patients on a renal diet must limit or avoid dark-colored colas due to their
phosphorus content. Excess phosphorus can be dangerous for patients with kidney disease,
leading to bone disorders and cardiovascular complications. Even diet colas contain
phosphorus additives.
, Question 6
The nurse is educating a patient about including more omega-3 fatty acids in the diet. Which
food sources should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
A. Salmon
B. Flaxseed
C. Mackerel
D. Steak
E. Crayfish
Answer: A, B, C
Explanation: Salmon, flaxseed, and mackerel are excellent sources of omega-3 fatty acids,
which have anti-inflammatory properties and support cardiovascular health. Steak and
crayfish are not significant sources of omega-3 fatty acids.
Question 7
The nurse knows that a deficiency in vitamin C can result in which conditions? (Select all
that apply.)
A. Stiff joints
B. Osteopenia
C. Petechiae
D. Loose teeth
E. Bleeding gums
Answer: A, C, D, E
Explanation: Vitamin C deficiency (scurvy) manifests with stiff joints, petechiae (small
hemorrhagic spots), loose teeth, and bleeding gums. Osteopenia is more associated with
calcium and vitamin D deficiencies rather than vitamin C deficiency.
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Question 8
The nurse reviews a patient's laboratory results. Which result requires immediate
communication to the health care provider?
A. Serum chloride level 85 mEq/L
B. Serum sodium level 134 mEq/L
C. Serum potassium level 6.8 mEq/L
D. Serum magnesium level 2.3 mEq/L
Examination 2026-2027: 100 Practice
Questions with Answers on Nutrition,
Fluids & Electrolytes, Elimination,
Delegation, and Health Promotion
Description:
Master NCLEX-RN fundamentals with 100 exam-style questions and rationales for 2026-
2027. Covers nutrition, fluid balance, elimination, delegation, and health promotion.
Download the complete practice exam now and pass on your first attempt.
,NCLEX-RN Fundamentals 2026-2027: 100 Questions & Answers
Question 1
A nurse provides education to a patient about the difference between simple and complex
carbohydrates. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "Simple carbohydrates give me quick energy."
B. "Complex carbohydrates come from fruit."
C. "Complex carbohydrates take longer to break down."
D. "Simple carbohydrates come from milk products."
Answer: B
Explanation: Complex carbohydrates are found in foods such as whole grains, legumes, and
starchy vegetables. Fruits contain primarily simple carbohydrates (fructose), though they also
provide fiber and other nutrients. The patient's statement that complex carbohydrates come
from fruit is incorrect and requires correction.
Question 2
The nurse teaches a family member to provide the patient with how much dietary fiber per
day according to current dietary guidelines?
A. 25 to 35 grams
B. 20 to 35 grams
C. 25 to 40 grams
D. 20 to 40 grams
Answer: B
Explanation: Current dietary guidelines recommend 20 to 35 grams of dietary fiber daily for
adults. This amount supports digestive health, helps maintain bowel regularity, and may
reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
Question 3
The nurse provides education to an older adult about healthy diet strategies to address age-
related challenges. Which statement indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I should choose foods that are nutrient dense."
B. "High-fiber foods minimize the risk of constipation."
C. "I should eat more calories to avoid malnutrition."
D. "I can add spices to enhance the taste of food."
,Answer: C
Explanation: Older adults typically require fewer calories due to decreased metabolic rate
and reduced physical activity. Eating more calories without adjusting for activity level can
lead to unwanted weight gain. The focus should be on nutrient-dense foods rather than
increasing caloric intake.
Question 4
When caring for an adolescent patient with anorexia nervosa, the nurse recognizes which
approach as the best treatment option?
A. Hospitalization with skilled nursing care
B. Compulsory tube feedings
C. Individually determined by a collaborative team
D. Outpatient treatment
Answer: C
Explanation: Treatment for anorexia nervosa requires an individualized approach
determined by a collaborative team including medical providers, mental health professionals,
dietitians, and family members. The severity of the condition determines the level of care,
which may range from outpatient therapy to inpatient hospitalization.
Question 5
The nurse is educating a patient about a renal diet. Which statement by the patient indicates a
need for further teaching?
A. "I need to eat a low-sodium diet."
B. "I can have limited amounts of meat."
C. "I can drink unlimited cola if it is diet."
D. "I should avoid or limit bananas."
Answer: C
Explanation: Patients on a renal diet must limit or avoid dark-colored colas due to their
phosphorus content. Excess phosphorus can be dangerous for patients with kidney disease,
leading to bone disorders and cardiovascular complications. Even diet colas contain
phosphorus additives.
, Question 6
The nurse is educating a patient about including more omega-3 fatty acids in the diet. Which
food sources should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
A. Salmon
B. Flaxseed
C. Mackerel
D. Steak
E. Crayfish
Answer: A, B, C
Explanation: Salmon, flaxseed, and mackerel are excellent sources of omega-3 fatty acids,
which have anti-inflammatory properties and support cardiovascular health. Steak and
crayfish are not significant sources of omega-3 fatty acids.
Question 7
The nurse knows that a deficiency in vitamin C can result in which conditions? (Select all
that apply.)
A. Stiff joints
B. Osteopenia
C. Petechiae
D. Loose teeth
E. Bleeding gums
Answer: A, C, D, E
Explanation: Vitamin C deficiency (scurvy) manifests with stiff joints, petechiae (small
hemorrhagic spots), loose teeth, and bleeding gums. Osteopenia is more associated with
calcium and vitamin D deficiencies rather than vitamin C deficiency.
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Question 8
The nurse reviews a patient's laboratory results. Which result requires immediate
communication to the health care provider?
A. Serum chloride level 85 mEq/L
B. Serum sodium level 134 mEq/L
C. Serum potassium level 6.8 mEq/L
D. Serum magnesium level 2.3 mEq/L
