PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
EXAM SINGLE
CHOICE QUESTIONS LATEST UPDATED
200+ WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS |A+
GRADED
B-lymphocytes ...ANSWER..., Responsible for humoral
immunity. BCells are exposed to an antigen. When they
encounter an antigen they imprint the antigen. Every
bacteria has an antigenic site or antigenic marker. Immune
system will respond to marker.
Types of immunity ...ANSWER..., Natural active
immunity,Natural passive immunity,Artificial active
immunity,Artificial passive immunity
Epitope ...ANSWER..., An area of the antigen molecle
that stimulates the production of, and combines with,
specific antibodies; also know as the antigenic determinant
site
IgA ...ANSWER..., (1) 10-15% of total Ig in serum (2)
predominant in secretions like breast milk, saliva, tears,
mucous (3) primarily exists as monomer; secretory IgA is
dimer or tetramer
IgE ...ANSWER..., 1% of serum antibody, half life 2.5 days,
helminth infections, binds to mast cells via FcεR (mediates
allergic reaction, triggers mast cell degranulation)
IgG ...ANSWER..., 2nd to respond, formed in lg quantities
& work in the blood & tissues. They bind to destructive
pathogens so that the immune cells (for example,
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM SINGLE CHOICE QUESTIONS LATEST UPDATED 200+ WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS A+ GRADED
,PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
macrophage) have an easier time ingesting them. The
immunoglobulin class that is the only one capable of
crossing the placenta i IgM ...ANSWER..., 31. The most
potent activator of classical complement., first to appear on
the surface of B cells
Endogenous antigens ...ANSWER..., infected host cells
display pathogen proteins externally and are recognized as
foreign; infected cell with virus and the viral antigens
surround it
Herpes virus ...ANSWER...,, 1) HSV-1 - oral herpes, STD
and contact, no vaccine, lifetime infection, treat the
symptoms, sore
Maternal antibody ...ANSWER..., Natural, passive
immunity, IgG, maternal IgG crosses placent, Antibody in a
newborn animal which the newborn acquired through the
placenta or colostrum (the first milk).
Hypersensitivity reactions ...ANSWER..., Different
types; unexpected outcome after the administration of a
medication; usually immune (IgE) mediated if previously
exposed (Type I Hypersensitivity reaction); ranges from rash/
hives to anaphylaxis (life threatening)- Cell mediated
Development of allergies Alloimmunity ...ANSWER...,
Mast cell degranulates releasing histamine into tissue -
histamine binds to receptors on endothelial cells - results in
allergic symptoms.
Autoimmunity ...ANSWER..., Antigens trigger the
formation of abnormal IgG in tissue and plasma, activates
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM SINGLE CHOICE QUESTIONS LATEST UPDATED 200+ WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS A+ GRADED
,PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
complement, An immune response directed against one's
own self antigens.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ...ANSWER..., An
autoimmune disease where the body's immune system
damages its own tissues and cells. Characteristics are a bad
rash or skin lesions. 40-50% of lupus patients develop renal
disease, others develop hemolysis and anemia. Cause
unknown.
Graves Disease ...ANSWER..., Autoantibody (IgG) that
stimulates TSH receptor (type II hypersensitivity), An
autoimmune disease, in which antibodies against the TSH
(thyroid-stimulating hormone) receptor in thyroid epithelial
cell membranes bind to it permanently and mimic the effects
of TSH binding. This results in continual release of thyroid
hormones into the bloodstream, causing the symptoms of
hyperthyroidism.
Morbidity & mortality ...ANSWER..., illness & deaths,
Morbidity = presence of disease Mortality= deaths
Bacteria & Fungi ...ANSWER..., Bacteria are larger,
easily grown in the lab, and can be seen with regular
microscopes. Generally they can be treated successfully with
antibiotics however, many bacteria are now becoming
resistant to antibiotics., Fungi- kingdom of complex
organisms that obtain food by breaking down other
substances in their surroundings and absorbing the
nutrients.
Infectivity ...ANSWER..., Capacity of an agent to enter
and multiply in a susceptible host and thus produce infection
or disease.
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM SINGLE CHOICE QUESTIONS LATEST UPDATED 200+ WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS A+ GRADED
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Pathogenicity ...ANSWER..., A broad concept that
describes an organism's potential to cause infection or
disease, and is used to divide pathogenic microbes into one
of two groups.
Virulence ...ANSWER..., measure of pathogenicity.
Depends on the strength to adhere to health cells, damage
cells or interfere with body's normal regulating systems and/
or white blood cells.
Toxigenicity ...ANSWER..., Ability to produce disease by
production of a soluble toxin, such as hemolysin, leukocidin,
other exotoxins, and endotoxins.
Rickettsial infection ...ANSWER..Rickettsiae and
rickettsia-like bacteria are an unusual type of bacteria that
cause several diseases, including Rocky Mountain spotted
fever and epidemic typhus. These bacteria differ from most
other bacteria in that they can live and multiply only inside
the cells of another organism (host) and cannot survive on
their own in the environment. Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, and
Coxiella burnetii bacteria are similar to rickettsiae and cause
similar diseases..
Stress hormones - epinephrine, norepinephrine,
cortisol, ACTH
Sympathetic nervous system ...ANSWER..., A
subdivision of the autonomic nervous system that activates
nerves, glands and visceral muscles in times of stress or
threat (prepares the body for action), Affects both the
ventricles and atrium by increasing heart rate, conduction
and irritability
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM SINGLE CHOICE QUESTIONS LATEST UPDATED 200+ WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS A+ GRADED
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
EXAM SINGLE
CHOICE QUESTIONS LATEST UPDATED
200+ WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS |A+
GRADED
B-lymphocytes ...ANSWER..., Responsible for humoral
immunity. BCells are exposed to an antigen. When they
encounter an antigen they imprint the antigen. Every
bacteria has an antigenic site or antigenic marker. Immune
system will respond to marker.
Types of immunity ...ANSWER..., Natural active
immunity,Natural passive immunity,Artificial active
immunity,Artificial passive immunity
Epitope ...ANSWER..., An area of the antigen molecle
that stimulates the production of, and combines with,
specific antibodies; also know as the antigenic determinant
site
IgA ...ANSWER..., (1) 10-15% of total Ig in serum (2)
predominant in secretions like breast milk, saliva, tears,
mucous (3) primarily exists as monomer; secretory IgA is
dimer or tetramer
IgE ...ANSWER..., 1% of serum antibody, half life 2.5 days,
helminth infections, binds to mast cells via FcεR (mediates
allergic reaction, triggers mast cell degranulation)
IgG ...ANSWER..., 2nd to respond, formed in lg quantities
& work in the blood & tissues. They bind to destructive
pathogens so that the immune cells (for example,
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM SINGLE CHOICE QUESTIONS LATEST UPDATED 200+ WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS A+ GRADED
,PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
macrophage) have an easier time ingesting them. The
immunoglobulin class that is the only one capable of
crossing the placenta i IgM ...ANSWER..., 31. The most
potent activator of classical complement., first to appear on
the surface of B cells
Endogenous antigens ...ANSWER..., infected host cells
display pathogen proteins externally and are recognized as
foreign; infected cell with virus and the viral antigens
surround it
Herpes virus ...ANSWER...,, 1) HSV-1 - oral herpes, STD
and contact, no vaccine, lifetime infection, treat the
symptoms, sore
Maternal antibody ...ANSWER..., Natural, passive
immunity, IgG, maternal IgG crosses placent, Antibody in a
newborn animal which the newborn acquired through the
placenta or colostrum (the first milk).
Hypersensitivity reactions ...ANSWER..., Different
types; unexpected outcome after the administration of a
medication; usually immune (IgE) mediated if previously
exposed (Type I Hypersensitivity reaction); ranges from rash/
hives to anaphylaxis (life threatening)- Cell mediated
Development of allergies Alloimmunity ...ANSWER...,
Mast cell degranulates releasing histamine into tissue -
histamine binds to receptors on endothelial cells - results in
allergic symptoms.
Autoimmunity ...ANSWER..., Antigens trigger the
formation of abnormal IgG in tissue and plasma, activates
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM SINGLE CHOICE QUESTIONS LATEST UPDATED 200+ WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS A+ GRADED
,PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
complement, An immune response directed against one's
own self antigens.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ...ANSWER..., An
autoimmune disease where the body's immune system
damages its own tissues and cells. Characteristics are a bad
rash or skin lesions. 40-50% of lupus patients develop renal
disease, others develop hemolysis and anemia. Cause
unknown.
Graves Disease ...ANSWER..., Autoantibody (IgG) that
stimulates TSH receptor (type II hypersensitivity), An
autoimmune disease, in which antibodies against the TSH
(thyroid-stimulating hormone) receptor in thyroid epithelial
cell membranes bind to it permanently and mimic the effects
of TSH binding. This results in continual release of thyroid
hormones into the bloodstream, causing the symptoms of
hyperthyroidism.
Morbidity & mortality ...ANSWER..., illness & deaths,
Morbidity = presence of disease Mortality= deaths
Bacteria & Fungi ...ANSWER..., Bacteria are larger,
easily grown in the lab, and can be seen with regular
microscopes. Generally they can be treated successfully with
antibiotics however, many bacteria are now becoming
resistant to antibiotics., Fungi- kingdom of complex
organisms that obtain food by breaking down other
substances in their surroundings and absorbing the
nutrients.
Infectivity ...ANSWER..., Capacity of an agent to enter
and multiply in a susceptible host and thus produce infection
or disease.
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM SINGLE CHOICE QUESTIONS LATEST UPDATED 200+ WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS A+ GRADED
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Pathogenicity ...ANSWER..., A broad concept that
describes an organism's potential to cause infection or
disease, and is used to divide pathogenic microbes into one
of two groups.
Virulence ...ANSWER..., measure of pathogenicity.
Depends on the strength to adhere to health cells, damage
cells or interfere with body's normal regulating systems and/
or white blood cells.
Toxigenicity ...ANSWER..., Ability to produce disease by
production of a soluble toxin, such as hemolysin, leukocidin,
other exotoxins, and endotoxins.
Rickettsial infection ...ANSWER..Rickettsiae and
rickettsia-like bacteria are an unusual type of bacteria that
cause several diseases, including Rocky Mountain spotted
fever and epidemic typhus. These bacteria differ from most
other bacteria in that they can live and multiply only inside
the cells of another organism (host) and cannot survive on
their own in the environment. Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, and
Coxiella burnetii bacteria are similar to rickettsiae and cause
similar diseases..
Stress hormones - epinephrine, norepinephrine,
cortisol, ACTH
Sympathetic nervous system ...ANSWER..., A
subdivision of the autonomic nervous system that activates
nerves, glands and visceral muscles in times of stress or
threat (prepares the body for action), Affects both the
ventricles and atrium by increasing heart rate, conduction
and irritability
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM SINGLE CHOICE QUESTIONS LATEST UPDATED 200+ WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS A+ GRADED
