BIO 201 - Anatomy & Physiology 1 EXAM fully
solved & updated 2026-2027(latest version
verified for accuracy) (Questions + Answers)
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8 shared characteristics of living things
Organization, Responsiveness, Growth,
Differentiation, Reproduction, Movement,
Metabolism, Excretion
Symptom
,subjective and immeasurable indication of a
problem; can be described, but not otherwise
detectable
example: Pain
Sign
objective, measurable physical indications of a
diseaes
example: body temperature, blood pressure
Anatomy
the study of internal and external structures of the
body
physiology
the study of how the body/organism and its parts
work or function
Structure
The arrangement of parts in an organism;
STRUCTURE DEFINES FUNCTION
cytology
the study of cells
,histology
the study of tissues and how they form organs
order of biological hierarchy of systems
organelle -> cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system
-> organism
disease
cellular breakdown, a failure in homeostatic
regulation leading to organ system failure (due to
injury, infection, genetic abnormality)
homeostasis
stable internal environment controlled by internal
(automatic) and extrinsic (2 governing systems -
nervous and endocrine) factors
normal homeostatic range
90% of the population falls into a normal
homeostatic range
diffusion
moving from high to low concentration (solutes go
down a concentration gradient)
, Osmosis
water movement from low to high solute
concentration (in order to dilute the concentration)
filtration
hydrostatic/fluid pressure forcing substances across
a membrane barrier (example: the kidneys filtering
bacteria)
3 components of cytoplasm
cytosol, organelles, cytoskeleton
cytosol
fluid component inside the cell containing a higher
concentration of proteins and potassium ions than
the intersitial fluid
organelles
intracellular structures (mitochondria, lysosome etc)
cytoskeleton
protein filaments that give the cells strength and
flexibility
Features of the cell/plasma membrane
solved & updated 2026-2027(latest version
verified for accuracy) (Questions + Answers)
Solved 100% Correct!!
8 shared characteristics of living things
Organization, Responsiveness, Growth,
Differentiation, Reproduction, Movement,
Metabolism, Excretion
Symptom
,subjective and immeasurable indication of a
problem; can be described, but not otherwise
detectable
example: Pain
Sign
objective, measurable physical indications of a
diseaes
example: body temperature, blood pressure
Anatomy
the study of internal and external structures of the
body
physiology
the study of how the body/organism and its parts
work or function
Structure
The arrangement of parts in an organism;
STRUCTURE DEFINES FUNCTION
cytology
the study of cells
,histology
the study of tissues and how they form organs
order of biological hierarchy of systems
organelle -> cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system
-> organism
disease
cellular breakdown, a failure in homeostatic
regulation leading to organ system failure (due to
injury, infection, genetic abnormality)
homeostasis
stable internal environment controlled by internal
(automatic) and extrinsic (2 governing systems -
nervous and endocrine) factors
normal homeostatic range
90% of the population falls into a normal
homeostatic range
diffusion
moving from high to low concentration (solutes go
down a concentration gradient)
, Osmosis
water movement from low to high solute
concentration (in order to dilute the concentration)
filtration
hydrostatic/fluid pressure forcing substances across
a membrane barrier (example: the kidneys filtering
bacteria)
3 components of cytoplasm
cytosol, organelles, cytoskeleton
cytosol
fluid component inside the cell containing a higher
concentration of proteins and potassium ions than
the intersitial fluid
organelles
intracellular structures (mitochondria, lysosome etc)
cytoskeleton
protein filaments that give the cells strength and
flexibility
Features of the cell/plasma membrane
