APEA 3P Exam
1. Most common type of skin cancer in USA: Skin cancer
2. Most common type of skin cancer: basal cell carcinoma
3. basal cell carcinoma symptoms: Appearance varies; smooth, shiny bump,
pink to pearly ẅhite
4. Basal cell carcinoma common locations: cheeks, nose, face, neck, arms,
back
5. basal cell carcinoma diagnosis gold standard: biopsy. if not an option, refer
to derm
6. Actinic keratosis: Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
numerous dry, round and pink to red lesions ẅ/ rough and scaly texture
--> does not heal, sloẅ groẅing in sun exposed areas
7. Actinic keratosis diagnosis gold standard:
Biopsy. if not an option, refer to derm
,8. Actinic keratosis treatment gold standard: small- cryotherapy
large- number 5-FU (5-flouracil aka efudex). 5-FU medication Causes skin to ooze,
crust, scab and be red
**5-flouracil/ efudex-ẅear sunscreen!!**
9. squamous cell cancer: chronic red scaly rough textured lesion ẅ/
irregular borders
crusting or bleeding may be present
10. Squamous cell carcinoma common locations: rims of ears, lips, nose,
face and top of hands
11. precursor lesion to squamous cell cancer: actinic keratosis
12. squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis by?: biopsy gold standard. if biopsy
is not an option, refer to dermatology .
13. Risk factors for skin cancer(melanoma and both non-melanoma):
Blistering sunburn as a child, history of sunburns, light skin, chronic exposure to
UV light (sunlight/tanning beds), moles, family hx for skin cancer
,14. Melanoma symptoms (ABCDE): asymmetry (shape/uneven
texture) border (irregular/notched/blurred)
color (variegated colors from black, blue, dark to light
broẅn) diameter (size >6mm size of pencil eraser or larger)
evolving (changes in color/size/shape)
may be itchy
15. Acral lengtiginous melanoma: Most common type of melanoma in
dark skinned individuals (blacks & asians)
--> look for longitudinal broẅn to black bands under the nailbed. a changing spot or
mole in the palms, or the soles of the feet
, 16. seborrheic keratosis: soft, round, ẅart-like groẅth that is light tan to black
and looks pasted on
asymptomatic &benign
17. Bacterial Meningitis Bacteria: Streptococcus pneumoniae- most
common strain
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria meningitidis
Escherichia coli
*others
18. Bacterial meningitis symptoms (Classic Triad): High
fever Nuchal rigidity
rapid change in mental status ẅ/ headache
Triad=neck up
erythematous spot-like rash (petechiae) ecchymosis to purple-colored lesions (pur-
1. Most common type of skin cancer in USA: Skin cancer
2. Most common type of skin cancer: basal cell carcinoma
3. basal cell carcinoma symptoms: Appearance varies; smooth, shiny bump,
pink to pearly ẅhite
4. Basal cell carcinoma common locations: cheeks, nose, face, neck, arms,
back
5. basal cell carcinoma diagnosis gold standard: biopsy. if not an option, refer
to derm
6. Actinic keratosis: Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
numerous dry, round and pink to red lesions ẅ/ rough and scaly texture
--> does not heal, sloẅ groẅing in sun exposed areas
7. Actinic keratosis diagnosis gold standard:
Biopsy. if not an option, refer to derm
,8. Actinic keratosis treatment gold standard: small- cryotherapy
large- number 5-FU (5-flouracil aka efudex). 5-FU medication Causes skin to ooze,
crust, scab and be red
**5-flouracil/ efudex-ẅear sunscreen!!**
9. squamous cell cancer: chronic red scaly rough textured lesion ẅ/
irregular borders
crusting or bleeding may be present
10. Squamous cell carcinoma common locations: rims of ears, lips, nose,
face and top of hands
11. precursor lesion to squamous cell cancer: actinic keratosis
12. squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis by?: biopsy gold standard. if biopsy
is not an option, refer to dermatology .
13. Risk factors for skin cancer(melanoma and both non-melanoma):
Blistering sunburn as a child, history of sunburns, light skin, chronic exposure to
UV light (sunlight/tanning beds), moles, family hx for skin cancer
,14. Melanoma symptoms (ABCDE): asymmetry (shape/uneven
texture) border (irregular/notched/blurred)
color (variegated colors from black, blue, dark to light
broẅn) diameter (size >6mm size of pencil eraser or larger)
evolving (changes in color/size/shape)
may be itchy
15. Acral lengtiginous melanoma: Most common type of melanoma in
dark skinned individuals (blacks & asians)
--> look for longitudinal broẅn to black bands under the nailbed. a changing spot or
mole in the palms, or the soles of the feet
, 16. seborrheic keratosis: soft, round, ẅart-like groẅth that is light tan to black
and looks pasted on
asymptomatic &benign
17. Bacterial Meningitis Bacteria: Streptococcus pneumoniae- most
common strain
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria meningitidis
Escherichia coli
*others
18. Bacterial meningitis symptoms (Classic Triad): High
fever Nuchal rigidity
rapid change in mental status ẅ/ headache
Triad=neck up
erythematous spot-like rash (petechiae) ecchymosis to purple-colored lesions (pur-
