JERSEY COLLEGE MEDSURG 1 RN FINAL EXAM PRACTICE 2026/2027
LATEST UPDATE | 60 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Question 1
A patient with rheumatoid arthritis reports worsening joint pain and inability to
perform daily activities. Discuss the nursing care.
Answer
The nurse should assess pain level, joint mobility, swelling, and functional
limitations.
Interventions include administering prescribed medications, applying heat
therapy, assisting with mobility, and encouraging rest during flare-ups.
The nurse should collaborate with physical therapy and occupational therapy to
improve independence.
Patient teaching should include joint protection techniques, medication
compliance, and energy conservation strategies.
Question 2
A patient with a pressure ulcer has foul-smelling drainage and increased redness
around the wound. Explain the nursing management.
Answer
The nurse should assess wound size, drainage, odor, surrounding skin condition,
and signs of systemic infection.
Interventions include wound cleaning, dressing changes using sterile technique,
administration of antibiotics, and pressure relief measures.
,The nurse should improve nutritional support and monitor for signs of sepsis.
Patient teaching should include repositioning techniques, skin care, and proper
nutrition.
Question 3
A patient with hyperthyroidism becomes extremely anxious, develops fever,
rapid heart rate, and severe hypertension. Discuss the nursing management of
this emergency.
Answer
The patient may be experiencing thyroid storm, a life-threatening complication of
hyperthyroidism.
The nurse should assess vital signs, cardiac rhythm, neurological status, and
temperature.
Priority interventions include administering oxygen, antithyroid medications,
intravenous fluids, cooling measures, and beta blockers as prescribed.
Continuous cardiac monitoring is essential because severe arrhythmias may
occur.
Patient teaching should emphasize medication adherence and regular follow-up
care.
Question 4
A patient with sepsis develops hypotension, decreased urine output, and
altered mental status despite receiving antibiotics. Explain the nursing
management of septic shock.
,Answer
Septic shock is a severe complication of sepsis characterized by circulatory
collapse and organ dysfunction.
The nurse should assess airway, breathing, circulation, oxygen saturation, urine
output, and level of consciousness continuously.
Priority interventions include aggressive intravenous fluid resuscitation,
vasopressor administration, oxygen therapy, and continuous monitoring in an
intensive care setting.
Laboratory monitoring includes lactate levels, blood cultures, electrolyte levels,
and organ function tests.
The nurse should monitor for complications such as respiratory failure and kidney
injury.
Patient and family education should focus on infection prevention, medication
adherence, and early recognition of worsening infection symptoms.
Question 5
Explain the nursing management of a patient recovering from a cerebrovascular
accident (stroke).
Answer
A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted, causing neurological
damage. Symptoms may include weakness, paralysis, speech difficulties, facial
drooping, and altered consciousness.
The nurse should assess neurological status frequently, including pupil response,
level of consciousness, motor function, and speech ability. Airway management is
a priority because stroke patients are at risk for aspiration.
, Nursing interventions include maintaining proper positioning, assisting with
mobility, implementing fall precautions, monitoring vital signs, and supporting
rehabilitation therapies. Swallowing ability should be evaluated before oral
intake.
The nurse should encourage range-of-motion exercises to prevent contractures
and pressure injuries. Emotional support is important because stroke patients
may experience anxiety and depression.
Patient and family teaching should focus on rehabilitation, medication adherence,
lifestyle changes, and recognizing signs of another stroke.
Question 6
Describe the nursing care of a patient with acute kidney injury (AKI).
Answer
Acute kidney injury is a sudden decline in kidney function that results in
decreased urine output and accumulation of waste products in the body.
The nurse should monitor urine output, daily weights, fluid balance, electrolyte
levels, and vital signs. Laboratory values such as creatinine and blood urea
nitrogen should be reviewed regularly.
Nursing interventions include fluid management, medication administration,
monitoring for fluid overload, and preventing complications such as hyperkalemia
and pulmonary edema.
Dietary restrictions may include limiting sodium, potassium, and fluids depending
on the patient’s condition.
Patient education should focus on avoiding nephrotoxic medications, maintaining
hydration, and following prescribed treatment plans.
Question 7
A postoperative patient develops signs of infection at the surgical site. Discuss
the nursing responsibilities in managing this complication.
LATEST UPDATE | 60 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Question 1
A patient with rheumatoid arthritis reports worsening joint pain and inability to
perform daily activities. Discuss the nursing care.
Answer
The nurse should assess pain level, joint mobility, swelling, and functional
limitations.
Interventions include administering prescribed medications, applying heat
therapy, assisting with mobility, and encouraging rest during flare-ups.
The nurse should collaborate with physical therapy and occupational therapy to
improve independence.
Patient teaching should include joint protection techniques, medication
compliance, and energy conservation strategies.
Question 2
A patient with a pressure ulcer has foul-smelling drainage and increased redness
around the wound. Explain the nursing management.
Answer
The nurse should assess wound size, drainage, odor, surrounding skin condition,
and signs of systemic infection.
Interventions include wound cleaning, dressing changes using sterile technique,
administration of antibiotics, and pressure relief measures.
,The nurse should improve nutritional support and monitor for signs of sepsis.
Patient teaching should include repositioning techniques, skin care, and proper
nutrition.
Question 3
A patient with hyperthyroidism becomes extremely anxious, develops fever,
rapid heart rate, and severe hypertension. Discuss the nursing management of
this emergency.
Answer
The patient may be experiencing thyroid storm, a life-threatening complication of
hyperthyroidism.
The nurse should assess vital signs, cardiac rhythm, neurological status, and
temperature.
Priority interventions include administering oxygen, antithyroid medications,
intravenous fluids, cooling measures, and beta blockers as prescribed.
Continuous cardiac monitoring is essential because severe arrhythmias may
occur.
Patient teaching should emphasize medication adherence and regular follow-up
care.
Question 4
A patient with sepsis develops hypotension, decreased urine output, and
altered mental status despite receiving antibiotics. Explain the nursing
management of septic shock.
,Answer
Septic shock is a severe complication of sepsis characterized by circulatory
collapse and organ dysfunction.
The nurse should assess airway, breathing, circulation, oxygen saturation, urine
output, and level of consciousness continuously.
Priority interventions include aggressive intravenous fluid resuscitation,
vasopressor administration, oxygen therapy, and continuous monitoring in an
intensive care setting.
Laboratory monitoring includes lactate levels, blood cultures, electrolyte levels,
and organ function tests.
The nurse should monitor for complications such as respiratory failure and kidney
injury.
Patient and family education should focus on infection prevention, medication
adherence, and early recognition of worsening infection symptoms.
Question 5
Explain the nursing management of a patient recovering from a cerebrovascular
accident (stroke).
Answer
A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted, causing neurological
damage. Symptoms may include weakness, paralysis, speech difficulties, facial
drooping, and altered consciousness.
The nurse should assess neurological status frequently, including pupil response,
level of consciousness, motor function, and speech ability. Airway management is
a priority because stroke patients are at risk for aspiration.
, Nursing interventions include maintaining proper positioning, assisting with
mobility, implementing fall precautions, monitoring vital signs, and supporting
rehabilitation therapies. Swallowing ability should be evaluated before oral
intake.
The nurse should encourage range-of-motion exercises to prevent contractures
and pressure injuries. Emotional support is important because stroke patients
may experience anxiety and depression.
Patient and family teaching should focus on rehabilitation, medication adherence,
lifestyle changes, and recognizing signs of another stroke.
Question 6
Describe the nursing care of a patient with acute kidney injury (AKI).
Answer
Acute kidney injury is a sudden decline in kidney function that results in
decreased urine output and accumulation of waste products in the body.
The nurse should monitor urine output, daily weights, fluid balance, electrolyte
levels, and vital signs. Laboratory values such as creatinine and blood urea
nitrogen should be reviewed regularly.
Nursing interventions include fluid management, medication administration,
monitoring for fluid overload, and preventing complications such as hyperkalemia
and pulmonary edema.
Dietary restrictions may include limiting sodium, potassium, and fluids depending
on the patient’s condition.
Patient education should focus on avoiding nephrotoxic medications, maintaining
hydration, and following prescribed treatment plans.
Question 7
A postoperative patient develops signs of infection at the surgical site. Discuss
the nursing responsibilities in managing this complication.
