BIO 148 Unit 7 Exam Quiz and Answers 100% Solved

BIO 148 Unit 7 Exam Quiz and Answers 100% Solved You encounter two birds living in the same tree. One is brightly colored; the other has a more drab coloration. Other features of the two birds are very similar. Based on DNA sequence analysis, the birds are in the same clade. The two birds mate and have fertile offspring. Which of the following is the most likely to be true? a. The birds are different species under the Biological Species Concept b. The birds are different species under the Morphological Species Concept c. The birds are different species under the Phylogenetic Species Concept d. Color is a sexual dimorphic trait of the birds - Answer- D; The most likely explanation is that this is a male and female from the same species Which of the following does NOT promote divergence between two populations? a. founder effect b. vicariance events c. natural selection d. gene flow - Answer- D; Gene flow between two populations will make them more similar Which of the following describes the most likely order of events in allopatric speciation if genetic drift is the main mechanism responsible for changes in allele frequency over time? a. geographic separation, genetic drift, reproductive isolation b. reproductive isolation, geographic separation, genetic drift c. genetic drift, geographic separation, reproductive isolation d. geographic separation, reproductive isolation, genetic drift e. genetic drift, reproductive isolation, geographic isolation - Answer- A Bird guides once listed the Myrtle warbler and Audubon's warbler as distinct species. Recently, these birds have been classified as eastern and western forms of a single species, the Yellow-Rumped Warbler. Which of the following pieces of evidence, if true, would be cause for this reclassification? a. The two forms interbreed often in nature, and their offspring survive and reproduce. b. The two forms live in similar habitats. c. The two forms have many genes in common. d. The two forms have similar food requirements. e. The two forms are very similar in coloration. - Answer- A A species of sawflies feed, mate, and lay eggs on white pine trees. Within a single population, it has been observed that some of these sawflies are starting to feed, mate, and lay eggs on red pine trees in the same geographical area. After many generations, matings between flies that live on white pines and flies that live on red pines produce offspring with low fitness. What is the most likely explanation for the low fitness of the hybrid offspring? The population is in the process of a. Allopatric speciation b. Sympatric speciation c. Vicariance d. Dispersal - Answer- B; Since they are living in the same geographical area, this is an example of divergence in sympatry Rising sea levels flood an island such that only the tops of the mountains are now above sea level. A large population of birds is now divided into multiple populations on each of the newly formed islands. The birds cannot fly across the sea between islands. Warming temperatures maintain the sea levels for thousands of years causing the bird populations to become separate species. This is best described as... a. isolation by dispersal b. isolation by vicariance c. a form of sympatric speciation d. a form of speciation due to polyploidy e. a form of speciation due to continued gene flow - Answer- B; This is an example of physical splitting of a habitat, or vicariance Which of the following factors would contribute to speciation after two populations are created from one by an allopatric mechanism? a. One of the populations is small and genetic drift causes dramatic change in allele frequencies in this population. b. The two populations are exposed to different natural selection pressures. c. Gene flow between the two populations is extensive. d. A and B e. A, B and C - Answer- D; Both genetic drift and natural selection can result in divergence between two populations Leopard frogs and wood frogs are closely related species that maintain reproductive isolation via different breeding periods; this is an example of _______ isolation mechanism. If fertilization is made to occur in a laboratory, the resulting zygotes are not viable, which further maintains the two as separate species as a result of this ______ isolation mechanism. a. postzygotic; postzygotic b. prezygotic; prezygotic c. postzygotic; prezygotic d. prezygotic; postzygotic - Answer- D Which of these groups evolved most recently? a. Nonvascular plants b. Angiosperms (flowering plants) c. Gymnosperms (conifers) d. Seedless vascular plants - Answer- B; You will need to know the land plant phylogeny for the exam Reptiles produce fertilized amniotic eggs that contain an embryo, a nutrient source, and a protective covering. Which of the following plant structures is analogous to the fertilized amniotic egg? a. Pollen b. Seed c. Spore d. Cuticle e. Stomata - Answer- B Fungal infections in humans can be difficult to treat. Why might this be the case? a. Fungi are closely related to drug resistant bacteria. b. Fungi, like some bacteria, have two plasma membranes surrounding the peptidoglycan in their cell walls, making it harder to target with drugs. c. Fungi are more closely related to animals, so drugs that target their enzymes and cells are also likely to damage humans. d. Fungi and plants are closely related, so drugs derived from plants will not work on fungi. - Answer- C What is TRUE regarding the evolution of tetrapods? a. Tetrapods appeared abruptly in the fossil record. b. Transitional fossils show the evolution of tetrapods from a water-dwelling ancestor. c. Transitional fossils show the evolution of tetrapods from a limbless land-dwelling ancestor. d. The first tetrapods did not require water for reproduction - Answer- B Addition of wolves to Yellowstone National Park in 1995 after they had been absent for 70 years initiated a ___________, in which organisms from all trophic levels were affected. a. Trophic cascade b. Ecosystem collapse c. Energy flow d. Biome change - Answer- A Which of these could NOT be a decomposer in an ecosystem? a. A plant b. A protist c. A fungus d. A bacterium - Answer- A Which of the following could NOT be a role of an animal in an ecosystem? a. Decomposer b. Producer c. Primary Consumer d. Secondary Consumer e. Tertiary Consumer - Answer- B Which of the following levels of ecological organization is arranged in the correct sequence from least to most inclusive? a. community, ecosystem, organism, population b. ecosystem, community, population, organism c. population, ecosystem, organism, community d. organism, population, community, ecosystem e. organism, community, population, ecosystem - Answer- D In the tundra, mountain goats feed on plants. To which trophic level would these goats belong? a. Producers b. Primary Consumers c. Secondary Consumers d. Tertiary Consumers - Answer- B Which of the following organisms is/are a common component of a healthy human body? a. bacteria b. archaea c. invertebrate animals d. A and B e. A, B and C - Answer- D Yeast species in the human vagina are normally kept in low abundance via the Competitive Exclusion principle. Taking which of the following is likely to cause an overabundance of yeast leading to a yeast infection? a. Probiotics (pills containing bacteria and archaea) b. Antibiotics c. Multivitamins d. Anti-inflammatory drugs - Answer- B