1|Page
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM LATEST 2026-2027 ACTUAL EXAM
WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(100% VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR
VERIFIED|| ||BRANDNEW!!!||
A frail, 87-year-old female client has been admitted to a hospital
after a fall and has been diagnosed with failure to thrive. Which of
the following laboratory values would suggest that the client may
be experiencing malnutrition?
A. Low fasting blood sugar
B. High C-reactive protein
C. Low prealbumin
D. High bilirubin - ANSWER-C. Low prealbumin
A client is brought to the emergency department semicomatose
and a blood glucose reading of 673. He is diagnosed with diabetic
ketoacidosis (DKA). Blood gas results are as follows: serum pH
7.29 and HCO3- level 19 mEq/dL; PCO2 level 32 mm Hg. The
nurse should anticipate that which of the following orders may
correct this diabetic ketosis?
,2|Page
A. Initiating an insulin IV infusion along with fluid replacement
B. Administering supplemental oxygen and rebreathing from a
paper bag
C. Instituting a cough and deep breathing schedule for every hour
while awake to improve ventilation
D. Administration of potassium chloride - ANSWER-A. Initiating an
insulin IV infusion along with fluid replacement
A female client with a history of chronic renal failure has a total
serum calcium level of 7.9 mg/dL. While performing an
assessment, the nurse should focus on which of the following
clinical manifestations associated with this calcium level?
A. Difficulty arousing the client and noticing she is disoriented to
time and place
B. Heart rate of 120 beats/minute associated with diaphoresis
(sweaty)
C. Intermittent muscle spasms and complaints of numbness
around her mouth
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D. Complaints of shortness of breath on exertion with decreased
oxygen saturation levels - ANSWER-C. Intermittent muscle
spasms and complaints of numbness around her mouth
Which of the following assessments should be prioritized in the
care of a client who is being treated for a serum potassium level
of 2.7 mEq/L?
A. Detailed fluid balance monitoring checking for pitting edema
B. Monitoring of hemoglobin levels and oxygen saturation
C. Arterial blood gases looking for respiratory alkalosis
D. Cardiac monitoring looking for prolonged PR interval and
flattening of the T wave - ANSWER-D. Cardiac monitoring looking
for prolonged PR interval and flattening of the T wave
Arterial blood gases of a client with a diagnosis of acute renal
failure reveal a pH of 7.25, HCO3- level of 21 mEq/L, and
decreased PCO2 level accompanied by a respiratory rate of 32.
This client is most likely experiencing which disorder of acid-base
balance?
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A. Respiratory alkalosis
B. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Respiratory acidosis - ANSWER-C. Metabolic acidosis
A client is experiencing significant stress while awaiting the results
of her recent lymph node biopsy. Among the hormonal
contributors to this response is a release of aldosterone, resulting
in which of the following physiologic effects?
A. Potentiating effects of epinephrine
B. Increased cardiac contractility
C. Increased sodium absorption
D. Decreased release of insulin - ANSWER-C. Increased sodium
absorption
When educating students about the differences between brown
fat versus white fat, the instructor will share that brown fat has
iron in its mitochondria that will facilitate:
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM LATEST 2026-2027 ACTUAL EXAM
WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(100% VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR
VERIFIED|| ||BRANDNEW!!!||
A frail, 87-year-old female client has been admitted to a hospital
after a fall and has been diagnosed with failure to thrive. Which of
the following laboratory values would suggest that the client may
be experiencing malnutrition?
A. Low fasting blood sugar
B. High C-reactive protein
C. Low prealbumin
D. High bilirubin - ANSWER-C. Low prealbumin
A client is brought to the emergency department semicomatose
and a blood glucose reading of 673. He is diagnosed with diabetic
ketoacidosis (DKA). Blood gas results are as follows: serum pH
7.29 and HCO3- level 19 mEq/dL; PCO2 level 32 mm Hg. The
nurse should anticipate that which of the following orders may
correct this diabetic ketosis?
,2|Page
A. Initiating an insulin IV infusion along with fluid replacement
B. Administering supplemental oxygen and rebreathing from a
paper bag
C. Instituting a cough and deep breathing schedule for every hour
while awake to improve ventilation
D. Administration of potassium chloride - ANSWER-A. Initiating an
insulin IV infusion along with fluid replacement
A female client with a history of chronic renal failure has a total
serum calcium level of 7.9 mg/dL. While performing an
assessment, the nurse should focus on which of the following
clinical manifestations associated with this calcium level?
A. Difficulty arousing the client and noticing she is disoriented to
time and place
B. Heart rate of 120 beats/minute associated with diaphoresis
(sweaty)
C. Intermittent muscle spasms and complaints of numbness
around her mouth
,3|Page
D. Complaints of shortness of breath on exertion with decreased
oxygen saturation levels - ANSWER-C. Intermittent muscle
spasms and complaints of numbness around her mouth
Which of the following assessments should be prioritized in the
care of a client who is being treated for a serum potassium level
of 2.7 mEq/L?
A. Detailed fluid balance monitoring checking for pitting edema
B. Monitoring of hemoglobin levels and oxygen saturation
C. Arterial blood gases looking for respiratory alkalosis
D. Cardiac monitoring looking for prolonged PR interval and
flattening of the T wave - ANSWER-D. Cardiac monitoring looking
for prolonged PR interval and flattening of the T wave
Arterial blood gases of a client with a diagnosis of acute renal
failure reveal a pH of 7.25, HCO3- level of 21 mEq/L, and
decreased PCO2 level accompanied by a respiratory rate of 32.
This client is most likely experiencing which disorder of acid-base
balance?
, 4|Page
A. Respiratory alkalosis
B. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Respiratory acidosis - ANSWER-C. Metabolic acidosis
A client is experiencing significant stress while awaiting the results
of her recent lymph node biopsy. Among the hormonal
contributors to this response is a release of aldosterone, resulting
in which of the following physiologic effects?
A. Potentiating effects of epinephrine
B. Increased cardiac contractility
C. Increased sodium absorption
D. Decreased release of insulin - ANSWER-C. Increased sodium
absorption
When educating students about the differences between brown
fat versus white fat, the instructor will share that brown fat has
iron in its mitochondria that will facilitate:
