Advanced Pathophysiology With NGN ACTUAL EXAM 1 2026-
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If a tissue specimen of myocardial cells were obtained for examination
from Mr. Forbes, which of the following findings would indicate
irreversible cell injury?
a. cellular swelling
b. decreased ATP production
c. decreased intracellular calcium
d. dissolution of nuclear material
D
The accumulation of lactic acid that occurs with impaired energy production
results from which of the following?
a. increased intracellular glucose
b. increased anaerobic metabolism
c. decreased metabolic rate
d. increased oxidative phosphorylation
B
,A mountain climber is stranded at 23,000 feet in the Swiss Alps and has lost
all his equipment and supplies in an avalanche. Subsequently, he suffers cell
injury due to impaired ATP production. The reason for the decrease in ATP
is which of the following?
a. enzyme inhibition
b. uncoupling
c. hypoxia
d. none of the above
C
An elderly patient develops an obstruction in his left middle cerebral
artery. The brain tissue supplied by this artery becomes hypoxic. The best
explanation for this is which of the following?
a. the obstruction results in decreased blood flow
b. the obstruction results in decreased hemoglobin in the blood
c. while blood flow stays the same, the obstruction reduces oxygen
content in the blood
d. none of the above explain the reason for the hypoxia
A
Increased mobilization and delivery of free fatty acids to liver cells can
result in fat accumulation. Which of the following problems results in
increased mobilization of free fatty acids?
a. anemia
b. hepatic toxins
c. starvation
d. hypoxia
C
,Generalized hypoxia results in a switch to anaerobic metabolism in cells.
Anaerobic metabolism results in which of the following?
a. decreased lactic acid inside cells
b. decreased arterial pH
c. more effective ATP production
d. increased pH inside cells
B
There is a disease of the spleen, which results in an excessive destruction
of RBCs. This increase in RBC destruction can lead to which of the
following?
a. hypoxia
b. hypobilirubinemia
c. an increase in platelets
d. all of the above
A
Your body has developed an increased demand for thyroid hormones. This
will lead to of the thyroid gland.
a. atrophy
b. hypertrophy
c. dysplasia
d. metaplasia
B
, You palpate a gangrenous leg and note the presence of crepitus. Crepitus
is associated with which of the following?
a. wet gangrene
b. dry gangrene
c. gas gangrene
d. all of the above
C
Direct cell membrane destruction may result from which of the following?
a. complement activation
b. bacterial enzymes
c. free radicals
d. all of the above
D
Which of the following is true regarding apoptosis?
a. It occurrence may be physiological or pathological.
b. It does not stimulate the inflammatory process.
c. It results in phagocytosis of the apoptotic cell.
d. all of the above.
D
2027 | Recent Exam with Complete Real Questions And
Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Already Graded A+
|Guaranteed Success!! Newest Exam | Just Released!!
If a tissue specimen of myocardial cells were obtained for examination
from Mr. Forbes, which of the following findings would indicate
irreversible cell injury?
a. cellular swelling
b. decreased ATP production
c. decreased intracellular calcium
d. dissolution of nuclear material
D
The accumulation of lactic acid that occurs with impaired energy production
results from which of the following?
a. increased intracellular glucose
b. increased anaerobic metabolism
c. decreased metabolic rate
d. increased oxidative phosphorylation
B
,A mountain climber is stranded at 23,000 feet in the Swiss Alps and has lost
all his equipment and supplies in an avalanche. Subsequently, he suffers cell
injury due to impaired ATP production. The reason for the decrease in ATP
is which of the following?
a. enzyme inhibition
b. uncoupling
c. hypoxia
d. none of the above
C
An elderly patient develops an obstruction in his left middle cerebral
artery. The brain tissue supplied by this artery becomes hypoxic. The best
explanation for this is which of the following?
a. the obstruction results in decreased blood flow
b. the obstruction results in decreased hemoglobin in the blood
c. while blood flow stays the same, the obstruction reduces oxygen
content in the blood
d. none of the above explain the reason for the hypoxia
A
Increased mobilization and delivery of free fatty acids to liver cells can
result in fat accumulation. Which of the following problems results in
increased mobilization of free fatty acids?
a. anemia
b. hepatic toxins
c. starvation
d. hypoxia
C
,Generalized hypoxia results in a switch to anaerobic metabolism in cells.
Anaerobic metabolism results in which of the following?
a. decreased lactic acid inside cells
b. decreased arterial pH
c. more effective ATP production
d. increased pH inside cells
B
There is a disease of the spleen, which results in an excessive destruction
of RBCs. This increase in RBC destruction can lead to which of the
following?
a. hypoxia
b. hypobilirubinemia
c. an increase in platelets
d. all of the above
A
Your body has developed an increased demand for thyroid hormones. This
will lead to of the thyroid gland.
a. atrophy
b. hypertrophy
c. dysplasia
d. metaplasia
B
, You palpate a gangrenous leg and note the presence of crepitus. Crepitus
is associated with which of the following?
a. wet gangrene
b. dry gangrene
c. gas gangrene
d. all of the above
C
Direct cell membrane destruction may result from which of the following?
a. complement activation
b. bacterial enzymes
c. free radicals
d. all of the above
D
Which of the following is true regarding apoptosis?
a. It occurrence may be physiological or pathological.
b. It does not stimulate the inflammatory process.
c. It results in phagocytosis of the apoptotic cell.
d. all of the above.
D
