PSE 476 Questions with complete
solution 2025/2026
Life cycle - correct answer ✔consecutive and interlinked stages of a product system, from raw material
acquisition or generation from natural resources to final disposal
Life cycle assessment (LCA) - correct answer ✔compilation and evaluation of the inputs, outputs and
the potential environmental impacts of a product system throughout its life cycle
Life cycle inventory analysis ( LCI) - correct answer ✔phase of life cycle assessment involving the
compilation and quantification of inputs and outputs for a product throughout its life cycle
Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) - correct answer ✔phase of life cycle assessment aimed at
understanding and evaluating the magnitude and significance of the potential environmental impacts
for a product system throughout the life cycle of the product
Life cycle interpretation - correct answer ✔phase of life cycle assessment in which the findings of either
the inventory analysis or the impact assessment, or both, are evaluated in relation to the defined goal
and scope in order to reach conclusions and recommendations
Comparative assertion - correct answer ✔environmental claim regarding the superiority or equivalence
of one product versus a competing product that performs the same function
Transparency - correct answer ✔open, comprehensive and understandable presentation of
information
Environmental aspect - correct answer ✔element of an organization's activities, products or services
that can interact with the environment
,Product - correct answer ✔any goods or service
Feedstock energy - correct answer ✔heat of combustion of a raw material input that is not used as an
energy source to a product system, expressed in terms of higher heating value or lower heating value
Raw material - correct answer ✔primary or secondary material that is used to produce a product
Ancillary input - correct answer ✔material input that is used by the unit process producing the product,
but which does not constitute part of the product
Allocation - correct answer ✔partitioning the input or output flows of a process or a product system
between the product system under study and one or more other product systems
Cut off criteria - correct answer ✔specification of the amount of material or energy flow or the level of
environmental significance associated with unit processes or product system to be excluded from a
study
Data quality - correct answer ✔characteristics of data that relate to their ability to satisfy stated
requirements
Functional unit - correct answer ✔quantified performance of a product system for use as a reference
unit
Input - correct answer ✔product, material or energy flow that enters a unit process
Intermediate flow - correct answer ✔product, material or energy flow occurring between unit
processes of the product system being studied
, Intermediate product - correct answer ✔output from a unit process that is input to other unit
processes that require further transformation within the system
Life cycle inventory analysis result ( LCI result) - correct answer ✔outcome of a life cycle inventory
analysis that catalogues the flows crossing the system boundary and provides the starting point for life
cycle impact assessment
Output - correct answer ✔product, material or energy flow that leaves a unit process
Process energy - correct answer ✔energy input required for operating the process or equipment within
a unit process, excluding energy inputs for production and delivery of the energy itself
Product flow - correct answer ✔products entering from or leaving to another product system
Product system - correct answer ✔collection of unit processes with elementary and product flows,
performing one or more defined functions, and which models the life cycle of a product
Reference flow - correct answer ✔measure of the outputs from processes in a given product system
required to fulfil the function expressed by the functional unit
Releases - correct answer ✔emissions to air and discharges to water and soil
Sensitivity analysis - correct answer ✔systematic procedures for estimating the effects of the choices
made regarding methods and data on the outcome of a study
System boundary - correct answer ✔set of criteria specifying which unit processes are part of a product
system
solution 2025/2026
Life cycle - correct answer ✔consecutive and interlinked stages of a product system, from raw material
acquisition or generation from natural resources to final disposal
Life cycle assessment (LCA) - correct answer ✔compilation and evaluation of the inputs, outputs and
the potential environmental impacts of a product system throughout its life cycle
Life cycle inventory analysis ( LCI) - correct answer ✔phase of life cycle assessment involving the
compilation and quantification of inputs and outputs for a product throughout its life cycle
Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) - correct answer ✔phase of life cycle assessment aimed at
understanding and evaluating the magnitude and significance of the potential environmental impacts
for a product system throughout the life cycle of the product
Life cycle interpretation - correct answer ✔phase of life cycle assessment in which the findings of either
the inventory analysis or the impact assessment, or both, are evaluated in relation to the defined goal
and scope in order to reach conclusions and recommendations
Comparative assertion - correct answer ✔environmental claim regarding the superiority or equivalence
of one product versus a competing product that performs the same function
Transparency - correct answer ✔open, comprehensive and understandable presentation of
information
Environmental aspect - correct answer ✔element of an organization's activities, products or services
that can interact with the environment
,Product - correct answer ✔any goods or service
Feedstock energy - correct answer ✔heat of combustion of a raw material input that is not used as an
energy source to a product system, expressed in terms of higher heating value or lower heating value
Raw material - correct answer ✔primary or secondary material that is used to produce a product
Ancillary input - correct answer ✔material input that is used by the unit process producing the product,
but which does not constitute part of the product
Allocation - correct answer ✔partitioning the input or output flows of a process or a product system
between the product system under study and one or more other product systems
Cut off criteria - correct answer ✔specification of the amount of material or energy flow or the level of
environmental significance associated with unit processes or product system to be excluded from a
study
Data quality - correct answer ✔characteristics of data that relate to their ability to satisfy stated
requirements
Functional unit - correct answer ✔quantified performance of a product system for use as a reference
unit
Input - correct answer ✔product, material or energy flow that enters a unit process
Intermediate flow - correct answer ✔product, material or energy flow occurring between unit
processes of the product system being studied
, Intermediate product - correct answer ✔output from a unit process that is input to other unit
processes that require further transformation within the system
Life cycle inventory analysis result ( LCI result) - correct answer ✔outcome of a life cycle inventory
analysis that catalogues the flows crossing the system boundary and provides the starting point for life
cycle impact assessment
Output - correct answer ✔product, material or energy flow that leaves a unit process
Process energy - correct answer ✔energy input required for operating the process or equipment within
a unit process, excluding energy inputs for production and delivery of the energy itself
Product flow - correct answer ✔products entering from or leaving to another product system
Product system - correct answer ✔collection of unit processes with elementary and product flows,
performing one or more defined functions, and which models the life cycle of a product
Reference flow - correct answer ✔measure of the outputs from processes in a given product system
required to fulfil the function expressed by the functional unit
Releases - correct answer ✔emissions to air and discharges to water and soil
Sensitivity analysis - correct answer ✔systematic procedures for estimating the effects of the choices
made regarding methods and data on the outcome of a study
System boundary - correct answer ✔set of criteria specifying which unit processes are part of a product
system
