BIO 182 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
ecology; what is it's purpose? - Correct Answers --study of how organisms interact with
their environment
-to understand the distribution and abundance of organisms
population - Correct Answers -group of individuals of the same species living in the
same area, at the same time
community - Correct Answers -consists of species that interact with one another within a
particular area
ecosystem - Correct Answers -consists of all organisms in a particular region, along with
non-living components
abiotic components - Correct Answers -air, water, and non-living parts of soil
range - Correct Answers -geographical distribution; abiotic & biotic determine range
biomes - Correct Answers -major groupings of plant and animal communities defined by
a dominant vegetation type
climate - Correct Answers -the prevailing, long-term weather conditions found in an area
tropical wet forests (rain forests) - Correct Answers -found in equator regions where
temperatures are high and annual temperature is very low; produce abundant plant
growth, lead to high above-ground biomass
boreal forest (taiga) - Correct Answers -forms on subarctic lands, dominated by highly
cold-tolerant conifers; productivity is low, above-ground biomass is high because slow-
growing tree species may be long-lived and become big
tundra - Correct Answers -found throughout the arctic regions; low productivity and low
above-ground biomass and its treeless
permafrost - Correct Answers -soils are in a permanently frozen state; limits both the
release and uptake of nutrients
simulation studies - Correct Answers -are based on computer models of weather
patterns in local regions
, Food chain - Correct Answers -Connects the trophic levels in a particular ecosystem
(describes how energy move from one trophic level to another
decomposer food chain - Correct Answers -Made up of species that eat the dead
remains of organisms
Grazing food chain - Correct Answers -Composed of the network of herbivores (primary
consumers) and the organisms that eat the herbivores (secondary consumers)
observational studies - Correct Answers -based on long-term monitoring at fixed site
historical studies - Correct Answers -examine the relationship b/w CO2 levels, climate
change, & the distribution and abundance of organisms based on events millions of
years ago
experiments - Correct Answers -designed to simulate changed climate conditions and to
record responses by the organisms present
behavior - Correct Answers -an action or response to a stimulus
behavioral biology - Correct Answers -study of how organisms respond to particular
stimuli from those environments
proximate causation (mechanistic) - Correct Answers -explains how actions occur
ultimate causation (evolutionary) - Correct Answers -explains why actions occur
fixed action patterns (FAP's) - Correct Answers -highly inflexible stereotypical behavior
patterns
innate behaviors - Correct Answers -behavior that is inherited and shows little variation
based on learning or the individuals condition
cost benefit analysis - Correct Answers -animals appear to weigh the costs and benefits
of responding to a particular situation in various ways
foraging - Correct Answers -when animals seek food
piloting - Correct Answers -use of familiar landmarks
compass orientation - Correct Answers -movement oriented in a specific direction
true navigation - Correct Answers -ability to locate a specific place on earth's surface
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
ecology; what is it's purpose? - Correct Answers --study of how organisms interact with
their environment
-to understand the distribution and abundance of organisms
population - Correct Answers -group of individuals of the same species living in the
same area, at the same time
community - Correct Answers -consists of species that interact with one another within a
particular area
ecosystem - Correct Answers -consists of all organisms in a particular region, along with
non-living components
abiotic components - Correct Answers -air, water, and non-living parts of soil
range - Correct Answers -geographical distribution; abiotic & biotic determine range
biomes - Correct Answers -major groupings of plant and animal communities defined by
a dominant vegetation type
climate - Correct Answers -the prevailing, long-term weather conditions found in an area
tropical wet forests (rain forests) - Correct Answers -found in equator regions where
temperatures are high and annual temperature is very low; produce abundant plant
growth, lead to high above-ground biomass
boreal forest (taiga) - Correct Answers -forms on subarctic lands, dominated by highly
cold-tolerant conifers; productivity is low, above-ground biomass is high because slow-
growing tree species may be long-lived and become big
tundra - Correct Answers -found throughout the arctic regions; low productivity and low
above-ground biomass and its treeless
permafrost - Correct Answers -soils are in a permanently frozen state; limits both the
release and uptake of nutrients
simulation studies - Correct Answers -are based on computer models of weather
patterns in local regions
, Food chain - Correct Answers -Connects the trophic levels in a particular ecosystem
(describes how energy move from one trophic level to another
decomposer food chain - Correct Answers -Made up of species that eat the dead
remains of organisms
Grazing food chain - Correct Answers -Composed of the network of herbivores (primary
consumers) and the organisms that eat the herbivores (secondary consumers)
observational studies - Correct Answers -based on long-term monitoring at fixed site
historical studies - Correct Answers -examine the relationship b/w CO2 levels, climate
change, & the distribution and abundance of organisms based on events millions of
years ago
experiments - Correct Answers -designed to simulate changed climate conditions and to
record responses by the organisms present
behavior - Correct Answers -an action or response to a stimulus
behavioral biology - Correct Answers -study of how organisms respond to particular
stimuli from those environments
proximate causation (mechanistic) - Correct Answers -explains how actions occur
ultimate causation (evolutionary) - Correct Answers -explains why actions occur
fixed action patterns (FAP's) - Correct Answers -highly inflexible stereotypical behavior
patterns
innate behaviors - Correct Answers -behavior that is inherited and shows little variation
based on learning or the individuals condition
cost benefit analysis - Correct Answers -animals appear to weigh the costs and benefits
of responding to a particular situation in various ways
foraging - Correct Answers -when animals seek food
piloting - Correct Answers -use of familiar landmarks
compass orientation - Correct Answers -movement oriented in a specific direction
true navigation - Correct Answers -ability to locate a specific place on earth's surface
