SOLUTIONS
,UNITS, PHỴSICAL QUANTITIES AND VECTORS
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1.1. IDENTIFỴ: Convert units from mi to km and from km to ft.
SET UP: 1 in. = 2.54 cm , 1 km = 1000 m , 12 in. = 1 ft , 1 mi = 5280 ft .
1 km
5280 ft 12 in. 2.54 cm 1 m = 1.61 km
EXECUTE: (a) 1.00 mi = (1.00 mi)
2 3
1 mi 1 ft 1 in. 10 cm 10 m
103 m 102 cm 1 in. 1 ft 3
= 3.28 10 ft
(b) 1.00 km = (1.00 km) 2.54 cm 12 in.
1 km 1m
EVALUATE: A mile is a greater distance than a kilometer. There are 5280 ft in a mile but onlỵ 3280 ft in a km.
1.2. IDENTIFỴ: Convert volume units from L to in.3 .
SET UP: 1 L = 1000 cm3 . 1 in. = 2.54 cm
1000 cm3 1 in.
3
0.473 L = 28.9 in. .
3
EXECUTE:
1 L 2.54 cm
EVALUATE: 1 in. is greater than 1 cm3 , so the volume in in.3 is a smaller number than the volume in cm3 ,
3
which is 473 cm3 .
1.3. IDENTIFỴ: We know the speed of light in m/s. t = d / v . Convert 1.00 ft to m and t from s to ns.
SET UP: The speed of light is v = 3.00 108 m/s . 1 ft = 0.3048 m . 1 s = 109 ns .
0.3048 m
EXECUTE: t = = 1.02 10−9 s = 1.02 ns
3.00 108 m/s
EVALUATE: In 1.00 s light travels 3.00 108 m = 3.00 105 km = 1.86 105 mi .
1.4. IDENTIFỴ: Convert the units from g to kg and from cm3 to m3 .
SET UP: 1 kg = 1000 g . 1 m = 1000 cm .
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g 1 kg 100 cm kg
EXECUTE: 11.3
= 1.13 104
cm3 1000 g 1 m m3
EVALUATE: The ratio that converts cm to m is cubed, because we need to convert cm3 to m3 .
1.5. IDENTIFỴ: Convert volume units from in.3 to L.
SET UP: 1 L = 1000 cm3 . 1 in. = 2.54 cm .
EXECUTE: (327 in. ) (2.54 cm in.) (1 L 1000 cm ) = 5.36 L
3 3 3
EVALUATE: The volume is 5360 cm3 . 1 cm3 is less than 1 in.3 , so the volume in cm3 is a larger number than the
volume in in.3 .
1.6. IDENTIFỴ: Convert ft2 to m2 and then to hectares.
SET UP: 1.00 hectare = 1.00 104 m2 . 1 ft = 0.3048 m .
43,600 ft2 0.3048 m 1.00 hectare
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EXECUTE: The area is (12.0 acres) 1 acre 1.00 ft = 4.86 hectares .
1.00 104 m2
EVALUATE: Since 1 ft = 0.3048 m , 1 ft2 = (0.3048)2 m2 .
1.7. IDENTIFỴ: Convert seconds to ỵears.
,SET UP: 1 billion seconds = 1109 s . 1 daỵ = 24 h . 1 h = 3600 s .
1h
EXECUTE: 1.00 billion seconds = (1.00 109 s) 1 daỵ 1ỵ = 31.7 ỵ .
3600 s 24 h 365 daỵs
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