CSO Certification Test Questions with
Correct Answers 2025/2026
Evidence-based practices - CORRECT ANSWER - -approaches empirically researched and
proven to have measurable, positive outcomes
interventions - CORRECT ANSWER - -effective when they reduce risk and revidivism
Prosocial behaviors - CORRECT ANSWER - -Law abiding behaviors; good things
Antisocial behaviors - CORRECT ANSWER - -Law breaking behaviors; bad
4 principles of effective intervention - CORRECT ANSWER - -Risk; Need; Responsivity; professional
discretion
Risk Principle - CORRECT ANSWER - -Who (who we are concentrating on) - High Risk
Accurate Assessment - CORRECT ANSWER - -Drives effective correctional programs
and evidenced-based decision making
Actuarial assessment - CORRECT ANSWER - -aa mathematically measured prediction of a
person engaging in a certain behavior (TRAS)
Stages of Change - CORRECT ANSWER - -Pre-Contemplation; Contemplation; Determination;
Action; Maintenance; Relapse; Permanent Exit
, Pre Contemplation - CORRECT ANSWER - -Stage where a person is not even contemplating
making a change (in denial)
Contemplation - CORRECT ANSWER - -An individual is generally ambivalent. They are going
back and forth between the pros and cons of making the changes
Determination - CORRECT ANSWER - -The individual actually makes a firm decision to change.
Planning takes place in this stage.
Action - CORRECT ANSWER - -The individual begins their plan. This is a very difficult stage bc
the person misses the comfort of past habits while developing new ones
Maintenance - CORRECT ANSWER - -New habits have been established, but old habits are still
tempting
Relapse - CORRECT ANSWER - -This occurs if the probationer gives up and continues his old
behaviors long after a crisis situation is over
Permanent exit - CORRECT ANSWER - -Occurs when the old habits are no longer tempting even
during crisis situations
RNR - CORRECT ANSWER - -Risk, Need, Responsivity
Need - CORRECT ANSWER - -What (what criminogenic need you need to focus on)
Risk Management - CORRECT ANSWER - -Determine risk; may prodcuce change, but is generally
short term; apply corresponding sanctions, supervision and restrictions.
Correct Answers 2025/2026
Evidence-based practices - CORRECT ANSWER - -approaches empirically researched and
proven to have measurable, positive outcomes
interventions - CORRECT ANSWER - -effective when they reduce risk and revidivism
Prosocial behaviors - CORRECT ANSWER - -Law abiding behaviors; good things
Antisocial behaviors - CORRECT ANSWER - -Law breaking behaviors; bad
4 principles of effective intervention - CORRECT ANSWER - -Risk; Need; Responsivity; professional
discretion
Risk Principle - CORRECT ANSWER - -Who (who we are concentrating on) - High Risk
Accurate Assessment - CORRECT ANSWER - -Drives effective correctional programs
and evidenced-based decision making
Actuarial assessment - CORRECT ANSWER - -aa mathematically measured prediction of a
person engaging in a certain behavior (TRAS)
Stages of Change - CORRECT ANSWER - -Pre-Contemplation; Contemplation; Determination;
Action; Maintenance; Relapse; Permanent Exit
, Pre Contemplation - CORRECT ANSWER - -Stage where a person is not even contemplating
making a change (in denial)
Contemplation - CORRECT ANSWER - -An individual is generally ambivalent. They are going
back and forth between the pros and cons of making the changes
Determination - CORRECT ANSWER - -The individual actually makes a firm decision to change.
Planning takes place in this stage.
Action - CORRECT ANSWER - -The individual begins their plan. This is a very difficult stage bc
the person misses the comfort of past habits while developing new ones
Maintenance - CORRECT ANSWER - -New habits have been established, but old habits are still
tempting
Relapse - CORRECT ANSWER - -This occurs if the probationer gives up and continues his old
behaviors long after a crisis situation is over
Permanent exit - CORRECT ANSWER - -Occurs when the old habits are no longer tempting even
during crisis situations
RNR - CORRECT ANSWER - -Risk, Need, Responsivity
Need - CORRECT ANSWER - -What (what criminogenic need you need to focus on)
Risk Management - CORRECT ANSWER - -Determine risk; may prodcuce change, but is generally
short term; apply corresponding sanctions, supervision and restrictions.
