Frequently tested HESI A2 Anatomy
and Physiology questions & verified
answers.
What is the main function of the lymphatic system?
✔️✔️ It helps maintain fluid balance and supports immune defense by filtering pathogens.
Which body cavity contains the heart?
✔️✔️ The thoracic cavity.
What type of tissue lines the inside of blood vessels?
✔️✔️ Epithelial tissue, specifically simple squamous epithelium.
What structure connects muscle to bone?
✔️✔️ A tendon.
What is the primary role of red blood cells?
✔️✔️ To transport oxygen throughout the body.
Which organ is responsible for filtering blood and producing urine?
✔️✔️ The kidneys.
What is the function of the alveoli in the lungs?
✔️✔️ They allow gas exchange between air and blood.
Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?
✔️✔️ The cerebellum.
What is the largest organ in the human body?
✔️✔️ The skin.
Which hormone regulates blood sugar levels?
✔️✔️ Insulin.
What type of joint is found in the shoulder?
✔️✔️ A ball-and-socket joint.
What is the main function of white blood cells?
✔️✔️ To fight infections and protect the body.
1
,Which organ produces bile?
✔️✔️ The liver.
What is the basic unit of life in the human body?
✔️✔️ The cell.
Which system controls voluntary movements?
✔️✔️ The nervous system.
What is the function of the large intestine?
✔️✔️ To absorb water and form feces.
Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea?
✔️✔️ The epiglottis.
What type of muscle is found in the heart?
✔️✔️ Cardiac muscle.
What is the role of hemoglobin?
✔️✔️ It binds and carries oxygen in red blood cells.
Which organ stores urine before excretion?
✔️✔️ The bladder.
What is the function of the diaphragm?
✔️✔️ It helps with breathing by contracting and relaxing.
Which system is responsible for producing hormones?
✔️✔️ The endocrine system.
What type of tissue connects and supports body structures?
✔️✔️ Connective tissue.
Which part of the eye controls the amount of light entering?
✔️✔️ The iris.
What is the function of platelets in the blood?
✔️✔️ They help in blood clotting.
Which bone protects the brain?
✔️✔️ The skull.
What is the main function of the stomach?
✔️✔️ To break down food using acid and enzymes.
2
, Which system removes waste products from the body?
✔️✔️ The excretory (urinary) system.
What type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
✔️✔️ Arteries.
What is the function of synovial fluid?
✔️✔️ It lubricates joints to reduce friction.
Which part of the brain controls breathing and heart rate?
✔️✔️ The medulla oblongata.
What is the function of the pancreas in digestion?
✔️✔️ It produces digestive enzymes.
Which organ is primarily responsible for gas exchange?
✔️✔️ The lungs.
What type of tissue transmits electrical signals?
✔️✔️ Nervous tissue.
What is the role of the small intestine?
✔️✔️ To absorb nutrients from digested food.
Which structure in the cell contains genetic material?
✔️✔️ The nucleus.
What is the function of cartilage?
✔️✔️ It provides flexible support and cushions joints.
Which system includes the bones and joints?
✔️✔️ The skeletal system.
What is the role of the hypothalamus?
✔️✔️ It regulates body temperature and maintains homeostasis.
Which blood vessels allow exchange of nutrients and waste?
✔️✔️ Capillaries.
What is the function of the spleen?
✔️✔️ It filters blood and helps fight infection.
Which type of muscle is voluntary?
✔️✔️ Skeletal muscle.
3
and Physiology questions & verified
answers.
What is the main function of the lymphatic system?
✔️✔️ It helps maintain fluid balance and supports immune defense by filtering pathogens.
Which body cavity contains the heart?
✔️✔️ The thoracic cavity.
What type of tissue lines the inside of blood vessels?
✔️✔️ Epithelial tissue, specifically simple squamous epithelium.
What structure connects muscle to bone?
✔️✔️ A tendon.
What is the primary role of red blood cells?
✔️✔️ To transport oxygen throughout the body.
Which organ is responsible for filtering blood and producing urine?
✔️✔️ The kidneys.
What is the function of the alveoli in the lungs?
✔️✔️ They allow gas exchange between air and blood.
Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?
✔️✔️ The cerebellum.
What is the largest organ in the human body?
✔️✔️ The skin.
Which hormone regulates blood sugar levels?
✔️✔️ Insulin.
What type of joint is found in the shoulder?
✔️✔️ A ball-and-socket joint.
What is the main function of white blood cells?
✔️✔️ To fight infections and protect the body.
1
,Which organ produces bile?
✔️✔️ The liver.
What is the basic unit of life in the human body?
✔️✔️ The cell.
Which system controls voluntary movements?
✔️✔️ The nervous system.
What is the function of the large intestine?
✔️✔️ To absorb water and form feces.
Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea?
✔️✔️ The epiglottis.
What type of muscle is found in the heart?
✔️✔️ Cardiac muscle.
What is the role of hemoglobin?
✔️✔️ It binds and carries oxygen in red blood cells.
Which organ stores urine before excretion?
✔️✔️ The bladder.
What is the function of the diaphragm?
✔️✔️ It helps with breathing by contracting and relaxing.
Which system is responsible for producing hormones?
✔️✔️ The endocrine system.
What type of tissue connects and supports body structures?
✔️✔️ Connective tissue.
Which part of the eye controls the amount of light entering?
✔️✔️ The iris.
What is the function of platelets in the blood?
✔️✔️ They help in blood clotting.
Which bone protects the brain?
✔️✔️ The skull.
What is the main function of the stomach?
✔️✔️ To break down food using acid and enzymes.
2
, Which system removes waste products from the body?
✔️✔️ The excretory (urinary) system.
What type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
✔️✔️ Arteries.
What is the function of synovial fluid?
✔️✔️ It lubricates joints to reduce friction.
Which part of the brain controls breathing and heart rate?
✔️✔️ The medulla oblongata.
What is the function of the pancreas in digestion?
✔️✔️ It produces digestive enzymes.
Which organ is primarily responsible for gas exchange?
✔️✔️ The lungs.
What type of tissue transmits electrical signals?
✔️✔️ Nervous tissue.
What is the role of the small intestine?
✔️✔️ To absorb nutrients from digested food.
Which structure in the cell contains genetic material?
✔️✔️ The nucleus.
What is the function of cartilage?
✔️✔️ It provides flexible support and cushions joints.
Which system includes the bones and joints?
✔️✔️ The skeletal system.
What is the role of the hypothalamus?
✔️✔️ It regulates body temperature and maintains homeostasis.
Which blood vessels allow exchange of nutrients and waste?
✔️✔️ Capillaries.
What is the function of the spleen?
✔️✔️ It filters blood and helps fight infection.
Which type of muscle is voluntary?
✔️✔️ Skeletal muscle.
3
