Module 1 Exam Review
Question 1
True/False: A virus is considered a microorganism.
A. True
B. False
Answer:
B. False
Explanation:
Viruses are not considered living organisms and therefore are not classified as
microorganisms. However, they are classified as microbes, which is a broader term that
includes both microorganisms and viruses.
Question 2
True or False: The smallest biological unit of life is the molecule.
A. True
B. False
Answer:
B. False
Explanation:
The smallest biological unit of life is the cell, not a molecule. Molecules are chemical
structures but cannot carry out life processes independently.
Question 3
What are the four main types of macromolecules found in cells?
Answer:
Proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates
Explanation:
Cells contain four major biological macromolecules:
, ● Proteins → structure and enzymes
● Lipids → membranes and energy storage
● Nucleic acids → genetic information
● Carbohydrates → energy and structure
Question 4
How many different types of amino acids are available from which to make proteins?
Answer:
20
Explanation:
There are 20 standard amino acids used to build proteins in living organisms.
Question 5
How many amino acids are classified as being essential amino acids?
Answer:
9
Explanation:
Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be obtained
from diet.
Question 6
Where can the two major types of nucleic acids be found in the cell, and what are their
roles?
Answer:
DNA and RNA. DNA stores hereditary genetic information and remains in the nucleus. RNA
carries and interprets genetic information and helps synthesize proteins.
Explanation:
DNA:
● located primarily in nucleus
● stores genetic instructions
RNA:
Question 1
True/False: A virus is considered a microorganism.
A. True
B. False
Answer:
B. False
Explanation:
Viruses are not considered living organisms and therefore are not classified as
microorganisms. However, they are classified as microbes, which is a broader term that
includes both microorganisms and viruses.
Question 2
True or False: The smallest biological unit of life is the molecule.
A. True
B. False
Answer:
B. False
Explanation:
The smallest biological unit of life is the cell, not a molecule. Molecules are chemical
structures but cannot carry out life processes independently.
Question 3
What are the four main types of macromolecules found in cells?
Answer:
Proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates
Explanation:
Cells contain four major biological macromolecules:
, ● Proteins → structure and enzymes
● Lipids → membranes and energy storage
● Nucleic acids → genetic information
● Carbohydrates → energy and structure
Question 4
How many different types of amino acids are available from which to make proteins?
Answer:
20
Explanation:
There are 20 standard amino acids used to build proteins in living organisms.
Question 5
How many amino acids are classified as being essential amino acids?
Answer:
9
Explanation:
Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be obtained
from diet.
Question 6
Where can the two major types of nucleic acids be found in the cell, and what are their
roles?
Answer:
DNA and RNA. DNA stores hereditary genetic information and remains in the nucleus. RNA
carries and interprets genetic information and helps synthesize proteins.
Explanation:
DNA:
● located primarily in nucleus
● stores genetic instructions
RNA:
