PSY 101 Straighterline Final Exam questions and
answers 2026\2027 A+ Grade
psychology - correct answer the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
science - correct answer psychology uses systematic methods to observe human behavior and draw
conclusions
behavior - correct answer everything we do that can be directly observed
mental process - correct answer The thoughts, feelings, and motives that each of us experiences
privately but that cannot be observed directly
critical thinking - correct answer thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions.
Rather, it examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions.
empirical method - correct answer gaining knowledge through the observation of events, the collection
of data, and logical reasoning
structuralism - correct answer focus on identifying the elemental parts or structures of the human mind;
William Wundt
functionalism - correct answer A school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral
processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish; William James
natural selection - correct answer A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend
to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits; Charles Darwin
,neurons - correct answer a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
glial cells - correct answer cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons
cell body - correct answer Largest part of a typical neuron; contains the nucleus and much of the
cytoplasm
dendrites - correct answer Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information.
axon - correct answer the extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers, through which
messages pass to other neurons or to muscles or glands
myelin sheath - correct answer fatty layer that covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural
impulses
resting potential - correct answer The difference in electric charge between the inside and outside of a
neuron's cell membrane; neg inside, pos outisde
action potential - correct answer a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon
all or nothing principle - correct answer The principle that once the electrical impulse reaches a certain
level of intensity (its threshold), it fires and moves all the way down the axon without losing any
intensity.
synapses - correct answer tiny gaps between dentrites and axons of different neurons
Neuraltransmitters - correct answer transmit, or carry, information across the synaptic gap to the next
neuron
Acetylcholine (ACh) - correct answer stimulates the firing of neurons and is involved in the action of
muscles, learning, and memory
, Alzheimer's disease - correct answer degenerative brain disorder that involves a decline in memory,
have an acetylcholine deficiency
GABA - correct answer a major inhibitory neurotransmitter
decreased GABA levels - correct answer lead to anxiety
glutamate - correct answer exciting many neurons to fire and is especially involved in learning and
memory
norepinephrine - correct answer inhibits the firing of neurons in the central nervous system, but it
excites the heart muscle, intestines, and urogenital tract
dopamine - correct answer control voluntary movement and affects sleep, mood, attention, learning,
and the ability to recognize rewards in the environment
seratonin - correct answer involved in the regulation of sleep, mood, attention, and learning
endorphins - correct answer natural opiates that mainly stimulate the firing of neurons; block pain &
increase pleasure
oxytocin - correct answer hormone and neurotransmitter that plays an important role in the experience
of love and social bonding
agonist - correct answer A chemical that mimics the action of a neurotransmitter.
antagonist - correct answer drug that blocks a neurotransmitter's effects
brain lesioning - correct answer abnormal disruption in the tissue of the brain resulting from injury or
disease
answers 2026\2027 A+ Grade
psychology - correct answer the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
science - correct answer psychology uses systematic methods to observe human behavior and draw
conclusions
behavior - correct answer everything we do that can be directly observed
mental process - correct answer The thoughts, feelings, and motives that each of us experiences
privately but that cannot be observed directly
critical thinking - correct answer thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions.
Rather, it examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions.
empirical method - correct answer gaining knowledge through the observation of events, the collection
of data, and logical reasoning
structuralism - correct answer focus on identifying the elemental parts or structures of the human mind;
William Wundt
functionalism - correct answer A school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral
processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish; William James
natural selection - correct answer A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend
to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits; Charles Darwin
,neurons - correct answer a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
glial cells - correct answer cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons
cell body - correct answer Largest part of a typical neuron; contains the nucleus and much of the
cytoplasm
dendrites - correct answer Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information.
axon - correct answer the extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers, through which
messages pass to other neurons or to muscles or glands
myelin sheath - correct answer fatty layer that covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural
impulses
resting potential - correct answer The difference in electric charge between the inside and outside of a
neuron's cell membrane; neg inside, pos outisde
action potential - correct answer a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon
all or nothing principle - correct answer The principle that once the electrical impulse reaches a certain
level of intensity (its threshold), it fires and moves all the way down the axon without losing any
intensity.
synapses - correct answer tiny gaps between dentrites and axons of different neurons
Neuraltransmitters - correct answer transmit, or carry, information across the synaptic gap to the next
neuron
Acetylcholine (ACh) - correct answer stimulates the firing of neurons and is involved in the action of
muscles, learning, and memory
, Alzheimer's disease - correct answer degenerative brain disorder that involves a decline in memory,
have an acetylcholine deficiency
GABA - correct answer a major inhibitory neurotransmitter
decreased GABA levels - correct answer lead to anxiety
glutamate - correct answer exciting many neurons to fire and is especially involved in learning and
memory
norepinephrine - correct answer inhibits the firing of neurons in the central nervous system, but it
excites the heart muscle, intestines, and urogenital tract
dopamine - correct answer control voluntary movement and affects sleep, mood, attention, learning,
and the ability to recognize rewards in the environment
seratonin - correct answer involved in the regulation of sleep, mood, attention, and learning
endorphins - correct answer natural opiates that mainly stimulate the firing of neurons; block pain &
increase pleasure
oxytocin - correct answer hormone and neurotransmitter that plays an important role in the experience
of love and social bonding
agonist - correct answer A chemical that mimics the action of a neurotransmitter.
antagonist - correct answer drug that blocks a neurotransmitter's effects
brain lesioning - correct answer abnormal disruption in the tissue of the brain resulting from injury or
disease
