PATgh201ghPracticeghQuestion
s
1. Howg h areg h secretiong h ofg h antidiureticg h hormoneg h (ADH)g h andg h theg h perceptiong h o
fg h thirstghstimulated?:ghIncreaseghinghplasmaghosmolality
2. Theghnurseghisghassessingghaghclientghwhoghhasghbeenghexperiencingghaghhighghfeve
rghwithghexcessiveghperspirationghandghdiarrhea,ghwithghaghplasmaghsodiumghlevelghofgh1
50ghmmol/L.ghWhichghclinicalghmanifestationghwouldghtheghnurseghassociateghwithghth
eseghassessmentghfindings?:gh-Oliguria
3. Whichg h arterialg h bloodg h gasg h valuesg h shouldg h theg h nurseg h associateg h withg h ag h
clientghreportingg h surgicalg h paing h whog h hasg h ag h BPg h ofg h 142/86,g h ag h heartg h rateg h
ofg h 104/minute,ghandghaghrespiratoryghrateghofgh34/minute?:gh-pHgh7.51,ghPCO2gh29,ghHCO3-
gh24
4. WhichghmechanismsghwouldghpromoteghhomeostasisghwhenghtheghpHghisgh7.2?gh-
ghacidic
=g h buildg h upg h ofg h acidsg h andg h lackg h ofg h breathing:g h -
Kussmaulghrespirations;ghkidneysghreabsorbghbicarbonate
5. Agh26-year-
oldghclientghhasghbeenghadmittedghwithghsuspectedghhyponatremiaghafterghdrinkingghs
evexralghlitresghofghtapghwaterghinghaghcoupleghofghhours.ghWhatghwouldghtheghnurseghass
essghfor?:ghLethargy,ghheadache,ghconfusion
Apprehension,ghseizures,ghcoma
6. Whenghtreatingghfluidghimbalances,ghwhichghisghtheghultimateghgoalghofghcare?:gh-
Toghdiagnoseghandghcorrectghtheghunderlyingghcause
7. theg h nurseg h isg h caringg h forg h ag h clientg h withg h ag h serumg h sodiumg h levelg h ofg h 11
0g h mmol/L.ghWhichghsolutionghwillghbeghusedghtoghtreatghthisghcondition?:gh-
0.9%ghsodiumghchloride
8. Whichghintravenousghsolutionghorderedghbyghtheghdoctorghreplacesghanghintracell
ularghfluidghvolumeghdeficit?:gh-isotonic
9. Whatg h areg h theg h processesg h requiredg h tog h moveg h largeg h particlesg h andg h particl
esg h withghelectricalghchargesghacrossghmembranes?:gh-Dittusionghandghactiveghtransport
10. Aghnurseghisghscheduledghtoghadministerghaghpotassiumghsupplementghtoghaghclient
.ghWhichghpriorityghactionghshouldghtheghnurseghtakeghpriorghtoghadministeringghtheghdr
ug?:gh-
-Checkghtheghclient'sghpotassiumghlevelghfromghtheghmorningghlabs.
gh
gh
, PATgh201ghPracticeghQuestion
s
11. Theghnurseghisghcaringghforghaghclientghwithghanghextracellularghfluidghvolumeghdeficit.ghT
heghnurseg h isg h awareg h thatg h whichg h compensatoryg h mechanismg h isg h initiatedg h ing h th
eg h presenceghofghanghextracellularghfluidghvolumeghdeficit?:gh-Activationghofghtheghrenin-angiotensin-
aldosteroneghsystem
gh
gh
, PATgh201ghPracticeghQuestion
s
12. -
Theghnurseghisghcaringghforghaghclientghwithghchronicghobstructiveghpulmonaryghdiseas
eghwhoghhasghpolycythemiagh(anghincreasedghnumberghofghRBCs).ghWhatghisghtheghmo
stghlikelyghcauseghofghthisghfinding?:gh-Significantghhypoxemia
13. Whichg h laboratoryg h valueg h isg h mostg h importantg h forg h theg h nurseg h tog h reportg h
tog h theg h doctor?:gh-Potassiumgh2.9ghmmol/
14. Theghnurseghisghassistingghaghclientghtoghmasterghtheghuseghofghaghsteroidghinhaler.ghTheg
hclientghsays,g h "Can'tg h Ig h takeg h thisg h ing h ag h pillg h formg h insteadg h ofg h ang h inhaler?"g h W
hatg h informationghshouldghbeghincludedghinghtheghnurse'sghresponse?:ghInhalersghproduceghtheirghette
ctghlocally,ghthusghreducingghadverseghettectsghofghtheghsteroid
15. -
Ag h nurseg h isg h caringg h forg h fourg h clients.g h Whichg h clientg h isg h atg h theg h highestg h riskg h o
fghdevelopingghmetabolicghalkalosis?:gh-Agh20-year-
oldghwhoghhasghbeenghregularlyghinducingghthemselvesghtoghvomitghfollowingghbingegheating
16. Whichghclientghisghatghgreatestghriskghforghanghelectrolyteghimbalance?:gh-Agh77-year-
oldghwithghaghurinaryghtractghinfection
17. Theg h nurseg h isg h caringg h forg h ang h orthopedicg h surgicalg h clientg h withg h mildg h in
termittentghasthma.g h Duringg h theg h secondg h postoperativeg h day,g h theg h clientg h hasg h a
ng h asthmag h attackghwhileg h eatingg h lunch.g h Whichg h classificationg h ofg h drugg h wouldg h t
heg h nurseg h anticipateg h tog h administer?:gh-Aghshort-actingghB2-adrenergicghagonist
18. Asg h ag h consequenceg h ofg h long-
standingg h lungg h disease,g h ag h clientg h isg h ing h ag h chronicg h stateghofghhypoxia.ghTheghnurseg
hshouldghanticipateghwhichghconditions?:gh-Hyperventilation
-Metabolicghalkalosis
19. Ag h nursingg h studentg h asksg h aboutg h howg h natriureticg h peptidesg h (NPs)g h workg h ing
h theghbody.ghWhichghstatementghbyghtheghnursegheducatorghisghmostghaccurate?:gh-
NPsghincreaseghsodiumghandghwaterghexcretionghandghdecreaseghbloodghpressure.
20. Theghnurseghreviewsghaghclient'sgharterialghbloodghgasghresults:ghpHgh7.23ghLOWgh,ghPC
O2g h 55,g h HIGHg h HCO3-
g h 23.g h NORMALg h Whichg h oneg h ofg h theg h followingg h wouldg h beg h theg h nurse'sghcorrectghint
erpretation?:gh-Uncompensatedghrespiratoryghacidosis
gh
gh
s
1. Howg h areg h secretiong h ofg h antidiureticg h hormoneg h (ADH)g h andg h theg h perceptiong h o
fg h thirstghstimulated?:ghIncreaseghinghplasmaghosmolality
2. Theghnurseghisghassessingghaghclientghwhoghhasghbeenghexperiencingghaghhighghfeve
rghwithghexcessiveghperspirationghandghdiarrhea,ghwithghaghplasmaghsodiumghlevelghofgh1
50ghmmol/L.ghWhichghclinicalghmanifestationghwouldghtheghnurseghassociateghwithghth
eseghassessmentghfindings?:gh-Oliguria
3. Whichg h arterialg h bloodg h gasg h valuesg h shouldg h theg h nurseg h associateg h withg h ag h
clientghreportingg h surgicalg h paing h whog h hasg h ag h BPg h ofg h 142/86,g h ag h heartg h rateg h
ofg h 104/minute,ghandghaghrespiratoryghrateghofgh34/minute?:gh-pHgh7.51,ghPCO2gh29,ghHCO3-
gh24
4. WhichghmechanismsghwouldghpromoteghhomeostasisghwhenghtheghpHghisgh7.2?gh-
ghacidic
=g h buildg h upg h ofg h acidsg h andg h lackg h ofg h breathing:g h -
Kussmaulghrespirations;ghkidneysghreabsorbghbicarbonate
5. Agh26-year-
oldghclientghhasghbeenghadmittedghwithghsuspectedghhyponatremiaghafterghdrinkingghs
evexralghlitresghofghtapghwaterghinghaghcoupleghofghhours.ghWhatghwouldghtheghnurseghass
essghfor?:ghLethargy,ghheadache,ghconfusion
Apprehension,ghseizures,ghcoma
6. Whenghtreatingghfluidghimbalances,ghwhichghisghtheghultimateghgoalghofghcare?:gh-
Toghdiagnoseghandghcorrectghtheghunderlyingghcause
7. theg h nurseg h isg h caringg h forg h ag h clientg h withg h ag h serumg h sodiumg h levelg h ofg h 11
0g h mmol/L.ghWhichghsolutionghwillghbeghusedghtoghtreatghthisghcondition?:gh-
0.9%ghsodiumghchloride
8. Whichghintravenousghsolutionghorderedghbyghtheghdoctorghreplacesghanghintracell
ularghfluidghvolumeghdeficit?:gh-isotonic
9. Whatg h areg h theg h processesg h requiredg h tog h moveg h largeg h particlesg h andg h particl
esg h withghelectricalghchargesghacrossghmembranes?:gh-Dittusionghandghactiveghtransport
10. Aghnurseghisghscheduledghtoghadministerghaghpotassiumghsupplementghtoghaghclient
.ghWhichghpriorityghactionghshouldghtheghnurseghtakeghpriorghtoghadministeringghtheghdr
ug?:gh-
-Checkghtheghclient'sghpotassiumghlevelghfromghtheghmorningghlabs.
gh
gh
, PATgh201ghPracticeghQuestion
s
11. Theghnurseghisghcaringghforghaghclientghwithghanghextracellularghfluidghvolumeghdeficit.ghT
heghnurseg h isg h awareg h thatg h whichg h compensatoryg h mechanismg h isg h initiatedg h ing h th
eg h presenceghofghanghextracellularghfluidghvolumeghdeficit?:gh-Activationghofghtheghrenin-angiotensin-
aldosteroneghsystem
gh
gh
, PATgh201ghPracticeghQuestion
s
12. -
Theghnurseghisghcaringghforghaghclientghwithghchronicghobstructiveghpulmonaryghdiseas
eghwhoghhasghpolycythemiagh(anghincreasedghnumberghofghRBCs).ghWhatghisghtheghmo
stghlikelyghcauseghofghthisghfinding?:gh-Significantghhypoxemia
13. Whichg h laboratoryg h valueg h isg h mostg h importantg h forg h theg h nurseg h tog h reportg h
tog h theg h doctor?:gh-Potassiumgh2.9ghmmol/
14. Theghnurseghisghassistingghaghclientghtoghmasterghtheghuseghofghaghsteroidghinhaler.ghTheg
hclientghsays,g h "Can'tg h Ig h takeg h thisg h ing h ag h pillg h formg h insteadg h ofg h ang h inhaler?"g h W
hatg h informationghshouldghbeghincludedghinghtheghnurse'sghresponse?:ghInhalersghproduceghtheirghette
ctghlocally,ghthusghreducingghadverseghettectsghofghtheghsteroid
15. -
Ag h nurseg h isg h caringg h forg h fourg h clients.g h Whichg h clientg h isg h atg h theg h highestg h riskg h o
fghdevelopingghmetabolicghalkalosis?:gh-Agh20-year-
oldghwhoghhasghbeenghregularlyghinducingghthemselvesghtoghvomitghfollowingghbingegheating
16. Whichghclientghisghatghgreatestghriskghforghanghelectrolyteghimbalance?:gh-Agh77-year-
oldghwithghaghurinaryghtractghinfection
17. Theg h nurseg h isg h caringg h forg h ang h orthopedicg h surgicalg h clientg h withg h mildg h in
termittentghasthma.g h Duringg h theg h secondg h postoperativeg h day,g h theg h clientg h hasg h a
ng h asthmag h attackghwhileg h eatingg h lunch.g h Whichg h classificationg h ofg h drugg h wouldg h t
heg h nurseg h anticipateg h tog h administer?:gh-Aghshort-actingghB2-adrenergicghagonist
18. Asg h ag h consequenceg h ofg h long-
standingg h lungg h disease,g h ag h clientg h isg h ing h ag h chronicg h stateghofghhypoxia.ghTheghnurseg
hshouldghanticipateghwhichghconditions?:gh-Hyperventilation
-Metabolicghalkalosis
19. Ag h nursingg h studentg h asksg h aboutg h howg h natriureticg h peptidesg h (NPs)g h workg h ing
h theghbody.ghWhichghstatementghbyghtheghnursegheducatorghisghmostghaccurate?:gh-
NPsghincreaseghsodiumghandghwaterghexcretionghandghdecreaseghbloodghpressure.
20. Theghnurseghreviewsghaghclient'sgharterialghbloodghgasghresults:ghpHgh7.23ghLOWgh,ghPC
O2g h 55,g h HIGHg h HCO3-
g h 23.g h NORMALg h Whichg h oneg h ofg h theg h followingg h wouldg h beg h theg h nurse'sghcorrectghint
erpretation?:gh-Uncompensatedghrespiratoryghacidosis
gh
gh
