NR 566
Final Exam Prep
(400 Practice Questions)
(Week’s 5 – 8 Covered)
(Advanced Pharmacology)
Exam-Style Qs that mirror the actual Exam
Chamberlain
,Table of Contents
SECTION 1 (1-100 qs) .................................................2
SECTION 2 (1-100 qs) ...............................................44
SECTION 3 (1-100 qs) ...............................................89
SECTION 4 (1-100 qs) ............................................. 128
SECTION 1 (1-100 qs)
Question 1:
A 68-year-old man with primary open-angle glaucoma is started on
latanoprost ophthalmic drops. Which finding should the prescriber include
as a common, non-dangerous long-term effect of this medication?
A. Permanent clouding of the cornea
B. Heightened brown pigmentation of the iris
C. Progressive constriction of the visual field
D. Accelerated formation of cataracts
Answer: B. Heightened brown pigmentation of the iris
Expert Explanation: Prostaglandin analogs such as latanoprost lower IOP
by increasing aqueous humor outflow and often cause gradual darkening of
the iris and eyelid; this cosmetic change is common but not harmful.
Question 2:
A patient with COPD and primary open-angle glaucoma needs an
ophthalmic β-blocker. Which agent is the safest choice?
A. Timolol eye drops
B. Levobunolol eye drops
,C. Betaxolol eye drops
D. Carteolol eye drops
Answer: C. Betaxolol eye drops
Expert Explanation: Betaxolol is a selective β1-blocker and is preferred in
patients with asthma or COPD because it is less likely to cause
bronchospasm than nonselective ophthalmic β-blockers.
Question 3:
A 55-year-old woman with seasonal allergic rhinitis has persistent nasal
congestion despite using an intranasal glucocorticoid correctly for one
week. Which action is most appropriate?
A. Discontinue the steroid and start an oral antihistamine
B. Add a short course of topical nasal decongestant before the steroid
C. Double the steroid dose indefinitely
D. Switch immediately to an oral systemic glucocorticoid
Answer: B. Add a short course of topical nasal decongestant before the
steroid
Expert Explanation: When significant congestion is present, using a topical
decongestant briefly before intranasal steroids can improve penetration and
symptom control while the steroid’s full effect develops over several days.
Question 4:
Which counseling point is most important when initiating intranasal
glucocorticoids for perennial allergic rhinitis?
A. “Use these only when you feel symptoms coming on.”
B. “You will feel complete relief within 30 minutes.”
C. “Full benefit may take about a week, so use them every day as
prescribed.”
D. “Stop the spray if you experience mild nasal dryness.”
Answer: C. “Full benefit may take about a week, so use them every day as
prescribed.”
Expert Explanation: Intranasal glucocorticoids require regular daily use,
, with maximal benefit developing over about a week; adherence is essential
even if immediate relief is not complete.
Question 5:
A 5-year-old child with acute otitis externa and a perforated tympanic
membrane needs treatment. Which otic regimen is most appropriate?
A. Neomycin/polymyxin B/hydrocortisone drops
B. Ofloxacin 0.3% otic solution, 5 drops twice daily
C. Acetic acid 2% otic solution, 3 drops three times daily
D. Carbamide peroxide otic drops
Answer: B. Ofloxacin 0.3% otic solution, 5 drops twice daily
Expert Explanation: Fluoroquinolone otic solutions such as ofloxacin are
recommended and safe in the presence of TM perforation, whereas
aminoglycoside combinations like neomycin/polymyxin B/hydrocortisone
should be avoided due to ototoxicity risk.
Question 6:
A 9-month-old infant is diagnosed with otitis externa. The tympanic
membrane cannot be fully visualized but perforation is suspected. Which
prescription is most appropriate?
A. Ciprofloxacin 0.3% plus dexamethasone 0.1%, four drops every 12
hours
B. Ofloxacin 0.3% otic, five drops twice daily
C. Carbamide peroxide 5–10 drops twice daily
D. Oral amoxicillin for 10 days
Answer: A. Ciprofloxacin 0.3% plus dexamethasone 0.1%, four drops every
12 hours
Expert Explanation: For children 6–12 months old with otitis externa,
ciprofloxacin with a corticosteroid is recommended and can be used
whether or not TM perforation is present, providing both antimicrobial and
anti-inflammatory effects.
Final Exam Prep
(400 Practice Questions)
(Week’s 5 – 8 Covered)
(Advanced Pharmacology)
Exam-Style Qs that mirror the actual Exam
Chamberlain
,Table of Contents
SECTION 1 (1-100 qs) .................................................2
SECTION 2 (1-100 qs) ...............................................44
SECTION 3 (1-100 qs) ...............................................89
SECTION 4 (1-100 qs) ............................................. 128
SECTION 1 (1-100 qs)
Question 1:
A 68-year-old man with primary open-angle glaucoma is started on
latanoprost ophthalmic drops. Which finding should the prescriber include
as a common, non-dangerous long-term effect of this medication?
A. Permanent clouding of the cornea
B. Heightened brown pigmentation of the iris
C. Progressive constriction of the visual field
D. Accelerated formation of cataracts
Answer: B. Heightened brown pigmentation of the iris
Expert Explanation: Prostaglandin analogs such as latanoprost lower IOP
by increasing aqueous humor outflow and often cause gradual darkening of
the iris and eyelid; this cosmetic change is common but not harmful.
Question 2:
A patient with COPD and primary open-angle glaucoma needs an
ophthalmic β-blocker. Which agent is the safest choice?
A. Timolol eye drops
B. Levobunolol eye drops
,C. Betaxolol eye drops
D. Carteolol eye drops
Answer: C. Betaxolol eye drops
Expert Explanation: Betaxolol is a selective β1-blocker and is preferred in
patients with asthma or COPD because it is less likely to cause
bronchospasm than nonselective ophthalmic β-blockers.
Question 3:
A 55-year-old woman with seasonal allergic rhinitis has persistent nasal
congestion despite using an intranasal glucocorticoid correctly for one
week. Which action is most appropriate?
A. Discontinue the steroid and start an oral antihistamine
B. Add a short course of topical nasal decongestant before the steroid
C. Double the steroid dose indefinitely
D. Switch immediately to an oral systemic glucocorticoid
Answer: B. Add a short course of topical nasal decongestant before the
steroid
Expert Explanation: When significant congestion is present, using a topical
decongestant briefly before intranasal steroids can improve penetration and
symptom control while the steroid’s full effect develops over several days.
Question 4:
Which counseling point is most important when initiating intranasal
glucocorticoids for perennial allergic rhinitis?
A. “Use these only when you feel symptoms coming on.”
B. “You will feel complete relief within 30 minutes.”
C. “Full benefit may take about a week, so use them every day as
prescribed.”
D. “Stop the spray if you experience mild nasal dryness.”
Answer: C. “Full benefit may take about a week, so use them every day as
prescribed.”
Expert Explanation: Intranasal glucocorticoids require regular daily use,
, with maximal benefit developing over about a week; adherence is essential
even if immediate relief is not complete.
Question 5:
A 5-year-old child with acute otitis externa and a perforated tympanic
membrane needs treatment. Which otic regimen is most appropriate?
A. Neomycin/polymyxin B/hydrocortisone drops
B. Ofloxacin 0.3% otic solution, 5 drops twice daily
C. Acetic acid 2% otic solution, 3 drops three times daily
D. Carbamide peroxide otic drops
Answer: B. Ofloxacin 0.3% otic solution, 5 drops twice daily
Expert Explanation: Fluoroquinolone otic solutions such as ofloxacin are
recommended and safe in the presence of TM perforation, whereas
aminoglycoside combinations like neomycin/polymyxin B/hydrocortisone
should be avoided due to ototoxicity risk.
Question 6:
A 9-month-old infant is diagnosed with otitis externa. The tympanic
membrane cannot be fully visualized but perforation is suspected. Which
prescription is most appropriate?
A. Ciprofloxacin 0.3% plus dexamethasone 0.1%, four drops every 12
hours
B. Ofloxacin 0.3% otic, five drops twice daily
C. Carbamide peroxide 5–10 drops twice daily
D. Oral amoxicillin for 10 days
Answer: A. Ciprofloxacin 0.3% plus dexamethasone 0.1%, four drops every
12 hours
Expert Explanation: For children 6–12 months old with otitis externa,
ciprofloxacin with a corticosteroid is recommended and can be used
whether or not TM perforation is present, providing both antimicrobial and
anti-inflammatory effects.
