NUR 3065 Exam 3 Study Guide
Questions with All Actual Answers
2025-2026 Updated.
Determine a client's ideal body weight, and determine parameters for overweight and obesity
related to the BMI - Answer o For adults...
•Overweight = BMI of 25 or greater
* Obesity = BMI of 30
o For children...
* Overweight = BMI equal to or greater than 95th percentile based on age and gender-specific
BMI charts
* Being overweight during childhood leads to increased risk for becoming overweight during
adulthood
o Statistics...
* Estimated 17% of children and adolescents, ages 2 to 19
* 66% of adults in US are either overweight or obese
Under-nutrition - Answer reserves are depleted, and or nutrient intake is inadequate for
needs
Over-nutrition - Answer o consumption in excess of needs
• Caused by consumption of nutrients, especially calories, sodium, and fat, in excess of body
needs
• Major nutritional problem today
• Can lead to obesity and risk factor for... heart disease, HTN, type II diabetes, stroke,
gallbladder disease, sleep apnea, osteoarthritis
,Identify at-risk populations for under-nutrition and over-nutrition - Answer o Vulnerable
groups = infants, children, pregnant women, recent immigrants, persons with low incomes,
hospitalized people, and aging adults are at risk for:
• Impaired growth and development
• Lowered resistance to infection and disease
• Delayed wound healing
• Longer hospital stays
• Higher health care costs
Discuss health related risks related to obesity
Risk factors for obesity: - Answer • hypertension
• Obesity
• Atherosclerosis
• Cancer
• Osteoporosis
• Diabetes mellitus
• **also risk factors for HTN, atherosclerosis, cancer, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus**
o Major risk factors for malnutrition in older adults include: - Answer • Poor physical or
mental health
• Social isolation
• Alcoholism
• Limited functional ability
• Poverty
• Polypharmacy
• Decline of extended families and increased mobility of families reduce available support
systems
Identify possible promotion interventions for malnutrition - Answer • Facilities for meal
preparation - preparing and delivering balanced meals
• Transportation to grocery stores
• Welfare programs to help offset the cost of groceries
Normal physiologic changes in aging adults: - Answer • Poor detention
• Decreased visual acuity
,• Decreased saliva production
• Decreased gastric acid secretion
• Slowed GI motility
• Decreased GI absorption
• Diminished olfactory and taste sensitivity
• Decrease in energy requirements due to loss of lean body mass and increase in fat mass
Interventions for elderly clients include: - Answer • Encourage calcium and vitamin D
(osteoporosis prevention)
• May need to increase protein
• May not need to increase calories with decreased metabolism
• Assess dentition, swallowing, etc.
Cachectic appearance - Answer physical wasting with loss of weight and muscle mass due to
disease
Sarcopenia - Answer o age related loss of muscle mass
♣ Watch out for the elderly!!!
marasmus - Answer o protein and calorie malnutrition
♣ Causes include anorexia, bowel obstruction, CA, chronic illness
♣ Starved appearance
kwashiorkor - Answer o protein malnutrition (diet high in calories but low protein)
marasmus-kwashiorkor mix - Answer o both protein and calorie inadequacies
♣ Wasting, emaciated appearance
♣ Causes include major surgery, trauma, burns, prolonged starvation, AIDS wasting
♣ Adults vulnerable!
Methods for collecting current dietary intake... - Answer ♣ 24 hour recall
♣ Food frequency questionnaire
♣ Food diary
♣ During hospitalization, documentation of nutritional intake can best be achieved through
calorie counts of nutrients consumed or infused
, observation of general appearance - Answer ♣ Skin, hair, mouth, lips, eyes
♣ Obese
♣ Cachectic
♣ Edematous
screening and objective measurement techniques to assess nutritional status - Answer ♣
Height and weight, BMI
♣ Triceps skinfold thickness
♣ Elbow breadth
♣ Arm and head circumferences
o Labs:
♣ Hemoglobin
♣ Hematocrit
♣ Cholesterol
♣ Triglycerides
♣ Total lymphocyte count
♣ Serum albumin
Metabolic syndrome: - Answer increased risk for CAD, CM, mortality
o Diagnosed with 3 of the 5 biomarkers
♣ Hypertension
♣ Increased fasting blood sugar
♣ Elevated triglycerides
♣ Less than 150 mg/dl is normal
♣ Increased waist circumference
♣ Low HDL
♣ HDL = high-density lipids; higher levels are better
♣ Less than 40 mg/dl (men), less than 50 mg/dl (women) increased risk of heart disease
Right upper quadrant: RUQ - Answer ♣ Right lobe of liver
♣ Gallbladder
♣ Duodenum
♣ Head of pancreas
♣ Right adrenal gland
Questions with All Actual Answers
2025-2026 Updated.
Determine a client's ideal body weight, and determine parameters for overweight and obesity
related to the BMI - Answer o For adults...
•Overweight = BMI of 25 or greater
* Obesity = BMI of 30
o For children...
* Overweight = BMI equal to or greater than 95th percentile based on age and gender-specific
BMI charts
* Being overweight during childhood leads to increased risk for becoming overweight during
adulthood
o Statistics...
* Estimated 17% of children and adolescents, ages 2 to 19
* 66% of adults in US are either overweight or obese
Under-nutrition - Answer reserves are depleted, and or nutrient intake is inadequate for
needs
Over-nutrition - Answer o consumption in excess of needs
• Caused by consumption of nutrients, especially calories, sodium, and fat, in excess of body
needs
• Major nutritional problem today
• Can lead to obesity and risk factor for... heart disease, HTN, type II diabetes, stroke,
gallbladder disease, sleep apnea, osteoarthritis
,Identify at-risk populations for under-nutrition and over-nutrition - Answer o Vulnerable
groups = infants, children, pregnant women, recent immigrants, persons with low incomes,
hospitalized people, and aging adults are at risk for:
• Impaired growth and development
• Lowered resistance to infection and disease
• Delayed wound healing
• Longer hospital stays
• Higher health care costs
Discuss health related risks related to obesity
Risk factors for obesity: - Answer • hypertension
• Obesity
• Atherosclerosis
• Cancer
• Osteoporosis
• Diabetes mellitus
• **also risk factors for HTN, atherosclerosis, cancer, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus**
o Major risk factors for malnutrition in older adults include: - Answer • Poor physical or
mental health
• Social isolation
• Alcoholism
• Limited functional ability
• Poverty
• Polypharmacy
• Decline of extended families and increased mobility of families reduce available support
systems
Identify possible promotion interventions for malnutrition - Answer • Facilities for meal
preparation - preparing and delivering balanced meals
• Transportation to grocery stores
• Welfare programs to help offset the cost of groceries
Normal physiologic changes in aging adults: - Answer • Poor detention
• Decreased visual acuity
,• Decreased saliva production
• Decreased gastric acid secretion
• Slowed GI motility
• Decreased GI absorption
• Diminished olfactory and taste sensitivity
• Decrease in energy requirements due to loss of lean body mass and increase in fat mass
Interventions for elderly clients include: - Answer • Encourage calcium and vitamin D
(osteoporosis prevention)
• May need to increase protein
• May not need to increase calories with decreased metabolism
• Assess dentition, swallowing, etc.
Cachectic appearance - Answer physical wasting with loss of weight and muscle mass due to
disease
Sarcopenia - Answer o age related loss of muscle mass
♣ Watch out for the elderly!!!
marasmus - Answer o protein and calorie malnutrition
♣ Causes include anorexia, bowel obstruction, CA, chronic illness
♣ Starved appearance
kwashiorkor - Answer o protein malnutrition (diet high in calories but low protein)
marasmus-kwashiorkor mix - Answer o both protein and calorie inadequacies
♣ Wasting, emaciated appearance
♣ Causes include major surgery, trauma, burns, prolonged starvation, AIDS wasting
♣ Adults vulnerable!
Methods for collecting current dietary intake... - Answer ♣ 24 hour recall
♣ Food frequency questionnaire
♣ Food diary
♣ During hospitalization, documentation of nutritional intake can best be achieved through
calorie counts of nutrients consumed or infused
, observation of general appearance - Answer ♣ Skin, hair, mouth, lips, eyes
♣ Obese
♣ Cachectic
♣ Edematous
screening and objective measurement techniques to assess nutritional status - Answer ♣
Height and weight, BMI
♣ Triceps skinfold thickness
♣ Elbow breadth
♣ Arm and head circumferences
o Labs:
♣ Hemoglobin
♣ Hematocrit
♣ Cholesterol
♣ Triglycerides
♣ Total lymphocyte count
♣ Serum albumin
Metabolic syndrome: - Answer increased risk for CAD, CM, mortality
o Diagnosed with 3 of the 5 biomarkers
♣ Hypertension
♣ Increased fasting blood sugar
♣ Elevated triglycerides
♣ Less than 150 mg/dl is normal
♣ Increased waist circumference
♣ Low HDL
♣ HDL = high-density lipids; higher levels are better
♣ Less than 40 mg/dl (men), less than 50 mg/dl (women) increased risk of heart disease
Right upper quadrant: RUQ - Answer ♣ Right lobe of liver
♣ Gallbladder
♣ Duodenum
♣ Head of pancreas
♣ Right adrenal gland
