COMSAE Phase II Form 114 Exam
Questions and Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2026
Q&A | Instant Download Pdf
1. Which of the following is the most common cause of community-
acquired pneumonia in adults?
A. Streptococcus pneumoniae
B. Haemophilus influenzae
C. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
D. Legionella pneumophila
Answer: A. Streptococcus pneumoniae
Rationale: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of
community-acquired pneumonia worldwide. It typically presents with
sudden onset of fever, productive cough, and pleuritic chest pain.
Other pathogens are less common but should be considered in
atypical cases.
, 2. A 25-year-old male presents with sudden severe chest pain
radiating to the back. His blood pressure is unequal in both arms.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Myocardial infarction
B. Pulmonary embolism
C. Aortic dissection
D. Pericarditis
Answer: C. Aortic dissection
Rationale: Acute aortic dissection presents with tearing chest pain
radiating to the back, and often blood pressure differences between
limbs. Rapid recognition is critical due to high mortality if untreated.
3. Which vitamin deficiency is associated with night blindness?
A. Vitamin B12
B. Vitamin A
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin D
Answer: B. Vitamin A
Rationale: Vitamin A is essential for retinal photoreceptor function.
,Deficiency leads to nyctalopia (night blindness) and, in severe cases,
xerophthalmia.
4. The most common cause of hyperthyroidism in young adults is:
A. Toxic multinodular goiter
B. Subacute thyroiditis
C. Pituitary adenoma
D. Graves’ disease
Answer: D. Graves’ disease
Rationale: Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder causing diffuse
goiter, ophthalmopathy, and hyperthyroidism. It is the most common
cause in young adults.
5. Which electrolyte abnormality is characteristic of Addison’s
disease?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hyponatremia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypokalemia
, Answer: B. Hyponatremia
Rationale: Addison’s disease leads to mineralocorticoid deficiency,
resulting in sodium loss (hyponatremia) and potassium retention
(hyperkalemia).
6. A patient presents with hematuria, hypertension, and edema
following a sore throat 2 weeks ago. What is the most likely
diagnosis?
A. IgA nephropathy
B. Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
C. Minimal change disease
D. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Answer: B. Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
Rationale: This condition typically follows a streptococcal infection
and presents with the classic triad of hematuria, edema, and
hypertension, usually in children.
7. Which of the following is a complication of untreated diabetes
mellitus?
A. Diabetic nephropathy
B. Rheumatoid arthritis
Questions and Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2026
Q&A | Instant Download Pdf
1. Which of the following is the most common cause of community-
acquired pneumonia in adults?
A. Streptococcus pneumoniae
B. Haemophilus influenzae
C. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
D. Legionella pneumophila
Answer: A. Streptococcus pneumoniae
Rationale: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of
community-acquired pneumonia worldwide. It typically presents with
sudden onset of fever, productive cough, and pleuritic chest pain.
Other pathogens are less common but should be considered in
atypical cases.
, 2. A 25-year-old male presents with sudden severe chest pain
radiating to the back. His blood pressure is unequal in both arms.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Myocardial infarction
B. Pulmonary embolism
C. Aortic dissection
D. Pericarditis
Answer: C. Aortic dissection
Rationale: Acute aortic dissection presents with tearing chest pain
radiating to the back, and often blood pressure differences between
limbs. Rapid recognition is critical due to high mortality if untreated.
3. Which vitamin deficiency is associated with night blindness?
A. Vitamin B12
B. Vitamin A
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin D
Answer: B. Vitamin A
Rationale: Vitamin A is essential for retinal photoreceptor function.
,Deficiency leads to nyctalopia (night blindness) and, in severe cases,
xerophthalmia.
4. The most common cause of hyperthyroidism in young adults is:
A. Toxic multinodular goiter
B. Subacute thyroiditis
C. Pituitary adenoma
D. Graves’ disease
Answer: D. Graves’ disease
Rationale: Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder causing diffuse
goiter, ophthalmopathy, and hyperthyroidism. It is the most common
cause in young adults.
5. Which electrolyte abnormality is characteristic of Addison’s
disease?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hyponatremia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypokalemia
, Answer: B. Hyponatremia
Rationale: Addison’s disease leads to mineralocorticoid deficiency,
resulting in sodium loss (hyponatremia) and potassium retention
(hyperkalemia).
6. A patient presents with hematuria, hypertension, and edema
following a sore throat 2 weeks ago. What is the most likely
diagnosis?
A. IgA nephropathy
B. Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
C. Minimal change disease
D. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Answer: B. Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
Rationale: This condition typically follows a streptococcal infection
and presents with the classic triad of hematuria, edema, and
hypertension, usually in children.
7. Which of the following is a complication of untreated diabetes
mellitus?
A. Diabetic nephropathy
B. Rheumatoid arthritis
