WGU D278 - Scripting and Programming
Foundations OA| Objective Assessment
= - ANS-In programming, = is an assignment of a left-side variable with a right-side
value. It does not represent equality like in mathematics.
Activity diagram - ANS-A flowchart used to describe the flow of an activity or set of
activities.
Agile approach (spiral approach) - ANS-In contrast, a program can be built by doing
small amounts of each SDLC phases in sequence, and then repeating.
Algorithm - ANS-A sequence of instructions that solves a problem.
Algorithm time efficiency - ANS-The number of calculations required to solve a problem.
For the same problem, some algorithms may be much more time efficient than others.
Analysis phase - ANS-Defines a program's goals.
Argument - ANS-A value provided to a function's parameter during a function call.
Example: A pizza area function might be called as PrintPizzaArea(12.0).
Array - ANS-An ordered list of items of a given data type, like an array of integers or an
array of floats. Array indices start from 0, not 1.
Assignment statement - ANS-Assigns a variable with a value, such as x = 5. An
assignment statement's left side must be a variable. The right side is an
expression.Examples: x = 5, y = a, or z = w + 2.
Behavioral diagram - ANS-Visualizes dynamic behavior of software, such as the flow of
an algorithm.
Boolean - ANS-Refers to a quantity that has only two possible values, true or false.
Branch - ANS-A sequence of statements only executed under a certain condition.
Class diagram - ANS-A structural diagram that can be used to visually model the
classes of a computer program, including member variables and functions. A *class* is
a code blueprint for creating an object that is composed of data members and functions
(sometimes called methods) that operate on those data members.
Comment - ANS-Text added to a program, read by humans to understand the code, but
ignored by the program when executed.
, Compiled language - ANS-First converted by a tool (*compiler*) into machine code,
which can run on a particular machine. Examples include C, C++, and Java.
Computational thinking - ANS-Creating a sequence of instructions to solve a problem.
Constant - ANS-A named value item that holds a value that cannot change.
Cursor - ANS-Indicates where the next output item will be placed in the output.
Design phase - ANS-Defines specifics of how to build a program.
Do-while loop - ANS-A loop that first executes the loop body's statements, then checks
the loop condition. Compared to a while loop, a do-while loop is useful when the loop
should iterate at least once.
Dynamically typed - ANS-A variable's type may change while a program executes,
usually based on what is assigned to the variable. (Dynamic means changing). Python
is a popular example.
Element - ANS-Each item in an array.
Epsilon - ANS-The difference threshold indicating that floating-point numbers are equal.
Equality operator - ANS-Checks whether two operand's values are the same (==) or
different (=!). Note that equality is ==, not just =.
Expression - ANS-A combination of items, like variables, literals, operators, and
parentheses, that evaluates to a value. Example: 2 * (x+1)
Floating-point literal - ANS-A number with a fractional part, even if that fraction is 0,
such as 1.0, 0.0, or 99.573.
Floating-point number - ANS-A real number, like 98.6, 0.0001, or -666.667.
For loop - ANS-A loop consisting of a loop variable initialization, a loop expression, and
a loop variable update that typically describes iterating *for* a specific number of times.
Function - ANS-A list of statements executed by invoking the function's name, with such
invoking known as a function call.
Function call - ANS-An invocation of a function's name, causing the function's
statements to execute.
Function definition - ANS-Consists of the new function's name and a block of
statements. The function's name can be any valid identifier.
Foundations OA| Objective Assessment
= - ANS-In programming, = is an assignment of a left-side variable with a right-side
value. It does not represent equality like in mathematics.
Activity diagram - ANS-A flowchart used to describe the flow of an activity or set of
activities.
Agile approach (spiral approach) - ANS-In contrast, a program can be built by doing
small amounts of each SDLC phases in sequence, and then repeating.
Algorithm - ANS-A sequence of instructions that solves a problem.
Algorithm time efficiency - ANS-The number of calculations required to solve a problem.
For the same problem, some algorithms may be much more time efficient than others.
Analysis phase - ANS-Defines a program's goals.
Argument - ANS-A value provided to a function's parameter during a function call.
Example: A pizza area function might be called as PrintPizzaArea(12.0).
Array - ANS-An ordered list of items of a given data type, like an array of integers or an
array of floats. Array indices start from 0, not 1.
Assignment statement - ANS-Assigns a variable with a value, such as x = 5. An
assignment statement's left side must be a variable. The right side is an
expression.Examples: x = 5, y = a, or z = w + 2.
Behavioral diagram - ANS-Visualizes dynamic behavior of software, such as the flow of
an algorithm.
Boolean - ANS-Refers to a quantity that has only two possible values, true or false.
Branch - ANS-A sequence of statements only executed under a certain condition.
Class diagram - ANS-A structural diagram that can be used to visually model the
classes of a computer program, including member variables and functions. A *class* is
a code blueprint for creating an object that is composed of data members and functions
(sometimes called methods) that operate on those data members.
Comment - ANS-Text added to a program, read by humans to understand the code, but
ignored by the program when executed.
, Compiled language - ANS-First converted by a tool (*compiler*) into machine code,
which can run on a particular machine. Examples include C, C++, and Java.
Computational thinking - ANS-Creating a sequence of instructions to solve a problem.
Constant - ANS-A named value item that holds a value that cannot change.
Cursor - ANS-Indicates where the next output item will be placed in the output.
Design phase - ANS-Defines specifics of how to build a program.
Do-while loop - ANS-A loop that first executes the loop body's statements, then checks
the loop condition. Compared to a while loop, a do-while loop is useful when the loop
should iterate at least once.
Dynamically typed - ANS-A variable's type may change while a program executes,
usually based on what is assigned to the variable. (Dynamic means changing). Python
is a popular example.
Element - ANS-Each item in an array.
Epsilon - ANS-The difference threshold indicating that floating-point numbers are equal.
Equality operator - ANS-Checks whether two operand's values are the same (==) or
different (=!). Note that equality is ==, not just =.
Expression - ANS-A combination of items, like variables, literals, operators, and
parentheses, that evaluates to a value. Example: 2 * (x+1)
Floating-point literal - ANS-A number with a fractional part, even if that fraction is 0,
such as 1.0, 0.0, or 99.573.
Floating-point number - ANS-A real number, like 98.6, 0.0001, or -666.667.
For loop - ANS-A loop consisting of a loop variable initialization, a loop expression, and
a loop variable update that typically describes iterating *for* a specific number of times.
Function - ANS-A list of statements executed by invoking the function's name, with such
invoking known as a function call.
Function call - ANS-An invocation of a function's name, causing the function's
statements to execute.
Function definition - ANS-Consists of the new function's name and a block of
statements. The function's name can be any valid identifier.
