MED SURG exam 2 NR 324
EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS 100%
GUARANTEED PASS
Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system - correct answer increases HR, the speed of
impulse conduction through the AV node, and the force of atrial and ventricular contractions.
This effect is mediated by specific sites in the heart called beta (B)-adrenergic receptors, which
are receptors for norepinephrine and epinephrine
stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system - correct answer mediated by the vagus
nerve
slows the HR by decreasing the impulses from the SA node, and thus conduction through the AV
node
stimulation of the alpha (a)-adrenergic receptors - correct answer vasoconstriction
the source of neural control of blood vessels is the sympathetic nervous system.
decreased stimulation to alpha (a)-adrenergic receptors causes vasodilation
Autonomic nervous system:
Baroreceptors - correct answer in the aortic arch and carotid sinus (the origin of the internal
carotid artery) are sensitive to stretch or pressure within the arterial system.
, Autonomic nervous system:
Chemoreceptors - correct answer are located in the aortic and carotid bodies and the medulla.
They are capable of causing changes in respiratory rate and BP in response to increased arterial
CO2 pressure (hypercapnia) and, to a lesser degree, decreased plasma pH (acidosis) and arterial
O2 pressure (hypoxia). When the chemoreceptors in the medulla are triggered, they stimulate
the vasomotor center to increase BP.
arterial blood pressure - correct answer a measure of the pressure exerted by blood against the
walls of the arterial system
systolic blood pressure (SBP) - correct answer the peak pressure exerted against the arteries
when the heart contracts
diastolic blood pressure (DBP) - correct answer the residual pressure in the arterial system
during ventricular relaxation (or filling)
pulse pressure - correct answer the difference between SBP and DBP.
it is normally 1/3rd of the SBP
an increased pulse pressure due to an increased SBP may occur during exercise or in individuals
with atherosclerosis or larger arteries.
a decreased pulse pressure may be found in heart failure or hypovolemia
mean arterial pressure (MAP) - correct answer the average pressure within the arterial system
that is felt by organs in the body.
MAP = (SBP + 2DBP) /3
An MAP greater than 60 mm Hg is needed to adequately perfuse and sustain the vital organs of
an average person under most conditions. When the MAP falls below this number for a period
of time, vital organs are underperfused and will become ischemic.
EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS 100%
GUARANTEED PASS
Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system - correct answer increases HR, the speed of
impulse conduction through the AV node, and the force of atrial and ventricular contractions.
This effect is mediated by specific sites in the heart called beta (B)-adrenergic receptors, which
are receptors for norepinephrine and epinephrine
stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system - correct answer mediated by the vagus
nerve
slows the HR by decreasing the impulses from the SA node, and thus conduction through the AV
node
stimulation of the alpha (a)-adrenergic receptors - correct answer vasoconstriction
the source of neural control of blood vessels is the sympathetic nervous system.
decreased stimulation to alpha (a)-adrenergic receptors causes vasodilation
Autonomic nervous system:
Baroreceptors - correct answer in the aortic arch and carotid sinus (the origin of the internal
carotid artery) are sensitive to stretch or pressure within the arterial system.
, Autonomic nervous system:
Chemoreceptors - correct answer are located in the aortic and carotid bodies and the medulla.
They are capable of causing changes in respiratory rate and BP in response to increased arterial
CO2 pressure (hypercapnia) and, to a lesser degree, decreased plasma pH (acidosis) and arterial
O2 pressure (hypoxia). When the chemoreceptors in the medulla are triggered, they stimulate
the vasomotor center to increase BP.
arterial blood pressure - correct answer a measure of the pressure exerted by blood against the
walls of the arterial system
systolic blood pressure (SBP) - correct answer the peak pressure exerted against the arteries
when the heart contracts
diastolic blood pressure (DBP) - correct answer the residual pressure in the arterial system
during ventricular relaxation (or filling)
pulse pressure - correct answer the difference between SBP and DBP.
it is normally 1/3rd of the SBP
an increased pulse pressure due to an increased SBP may occur during exercise or in individuals
with atherosclerosis or larger arteries.
a decreased pulse pressure may be found in heart failure or hypovolemia
mean arterial pressure (MAP) - correct answer the average pressure within the arterial system
that is felt by organs in the body.
MAP = (SBP + 2DBP) /3
An MAP greater than 60 mm Hg is needed to adequately perfuse and sustain the vital organs of
an average person under most conditions. When the MAP falls below this number for a period
of time, vital organs are underperfused and will become ischemic.
