SOLE’S INTRODUCTION TO
CRITICAL CARE NURSING
9TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)MARY MAKIC
TEST BANK
1
Reference: Ch. 1 — Introduction — Clinical Judgment
Measurement Model (CJMM)
Stem: A 52-year-old postoperative ICU patient becomes
suddenly tachycardic (HR 132), BP 88/54, RR 28, SpO₂ 88% on 4
L NC. The nurse recalls the unit’s CJMM framework for rapid
recognition. Which immediate action best reflects use of the
CJMM to prioritize care?
A. Increase oxygen to 6 L via nasal cannula and recheck in 10
minutes.
B. Call the provider to request a stat chest x-ray.
C. Perform focused bedside assessment (airway, breathing,
,circulation), call for help/rapid response if deterioration
persists.
D. Obtain an arterial blood gas and then document findings.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale — Correct (C): The CJMM emphasizes cue
recognition, interpretation, and prioritization. A focused ABC
assessment identifies reversible causes (airway obstruction,
hypoxia, bleeding) and mobilizes resources (rapid response).
This is immediate, evidence-based critical-care decision-making.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Increasing NC without assessing underlying cause may delay
needed interventions (e.g., need for intubation).
B. Ordering imaging delays immediate resuscitative actions; not
first priority when unstable.
D. ABG is diagnostic but should not precede stabilization and
escalation.
Teaching Point: Use CJMM: recognize cues → prioritize ABCs →
mobilize help.
Citation: Makic, M. B. F. (2025). Sole’s Introduction to Critical
Care Nursing (9th ed.). Ch. 1.
2
Reference: Ch. 1 — Critical Care Nursing — Quality & Safety
Emphasis
Stem: During morning report, a nurse notes a pattern of
,delayed medication reconciliation contributing to adverse
events. Which unit-level nursing action best aligns with quality
and safety principles to reduce these events?
A. Assign reconciliation to bedside nurses only after all morning
assessments.
B. Implement a standardized bedside medication reconciliation
checklist used during handoff.
C. Allow each provider to use their own reconciliation method
to save time.
D. Postpone reconciliation until discharge to ensure accuracy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct (B): Standardization (checklists) reduces
variation and errors—core of quality & safety. Incorporating
reconciliation into handoff improves timeliness and reduces
adverse drug events.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Delaying to after assessments risks missed meds and
interactions.
C. Multiple methods increase variability and error risk.
D. Waiting until discharge is too late to prevent harms during
ICU stay.
Teaching Point: Standardize critical processes—checklists save
lives.
Citation: Makic, M. B. F. (2025). Sole’s Introduction to Critical
Care Nursing (9th ed.). Ch. 1.
, 3
Reference: Ch. 1 — Professional Organizations — Certification
Stem: A nurse debates CCRN certification. Which outcome from
certification most directly supports improved patient care on
the unit?
A. Personal career advancement.
B. Increased knowledge validated by national standards, leading
to consistent evidence-based practice.
C. A raise in pay from the hospital.
D. More vacation time due to seniority.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct (B): Certification validates evidence-based
knowledge and supports standardized care—translating to
safer, higher-quality patient outcomes.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A/C/D. These are individual benefits but do not directly improve
patient care practices.
Teaching Point: Certification improves clinical knowledge and
standardization of care.
Citation: Makic, M. B. F. (2025). Sole’s Introduction to Critical
Care Nursing (9th ed.). Ch. 1.
4
Reference: Ch. 1 — Clinical Judgment Measurement Model —
Decision Making Under Uncertainty
CRITICAL CARE NURSING
9TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)MARY MAKIC
TEST BANK
1
Reference: Ch. 1 — Introduction — Clinical Judgment
Measurement Model (CJMM)
Stem: A 52-year-old postoperative ICU patient becomes
suddenly tachycardic (HR 132), BP 88/54, RR 28, SpO₂ 88% on 4
L NC. The nurse recalls the unit’s CJMM framework for rapid
recognition. Which immediate action best reflects use of the
CJMM to prioritize care?
A. Increase oxygen to 6 L via nasal cannula and recheck in 10
minutes.
B. Call the provider to request a stat chest x-ray.
C. Perform focused bedside assessment (airway, breathing,
,circulation), call for help/rapid response if deterioration
persists.
D. Obtain an arterial blood gas and then document findings.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale — Correct (C): The CJMM emphasizes cue
recognition, interpretation, and prioritization. A focused ABC
assessment identifies reversible causes (airway obstruction,
hypoxia, bleeding) and mobilizes resources (rapid response).
This is immediate, evidence-based critical-care decision-making.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Increasing NC without assessing underlying cause may delay
needed interventions (e.g., need for intubation).
B. Ordering imaging delays immediate resuscitative actions; not
first priority when unstable.
D. ABG is diagnostic but should not precede stabilization and
escalation.
Teaching Point: Use CJMM: recognize cues → prioritize ABCs →
mobilize help.
Citation: Makic, M. B. F. (2025). Sole’s Introduction to Critical
Care Nursing (9th ed.). Ch. 1.
2
Reference: Ch. 1 — Critical Care Nursing — Quality & Safety
Emphasis
Stem: During morning report, a nurse notes a pattern of
,delayed medication reconciliation contributing to adverse
events. Which unit-level nursing action best aligns with quality
and safety principles to reduce these events?
A. Assign reconciliation to bedside nurses only after all morning
assessments.
B. Implement a standardized bedside medication reconciliation
checklist used during handoff.
C. Allow each provider to use their own reconciliation method
to save time.
D. Postpone reconciliation until discharge to ensure accuracy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct (B): Standardization (checklists) reduces
variation and errors—core of quality & safety. Incorporating
reconciliation into handoff improves timeliness and reduces
adverse drug events.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Delaying to after assessments risks missed meds and
interactions.
C. Multiple methods increase variability and error risk.
D. Waiting until discharge is too late to prevent harms during
ICU stay.
Teaching Point: Standardize critical processes—checklists save
lives.
Citation: Makic, M. B. F. (2025). Sole’s Introduction to Critical
Care Nursing (9th ed.). Ch. 1.
, 3
Reference: Ch. 1 — Professional Organizations — Certification
Stem: A nurse debates CCRN certification. Which outcome from
certification most directly supports improved patient care on
the unit?
A. Personal career advancement.
B. Increased knowledge validated by national standards, leading
to consistent evidence-based practice.
C. A raise in pay from the hospital.
D. More vacation time due to seniority.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct (B): Certification validates evidence-based
knowledge and supports standardized care—translating to
safer, higher-quality patient outcomes.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A/C/D. These are individual benefits but do not directly improve
patient care practices.
Teaching Point: Certification improves clinical knowledge and
standardization of care.
Citation: Makic, M. B. F. (2025). Sole’s Introduction to Critical
Care Nursing (9th ed.). Ch. 1.
4
Reference: Ch. 1 — Clinical Judgment Measurement Model —
Decision Making Under Uncertainty
