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Frame the Problem, Solving the Problem and Communicating Results
are part of which decision making model?
CORRECT ANSWER:
Davenport-Kim three-stage model
In which stage of the Davenport-Kim model is problem recognition?
CORRECT ANSWER:
Framing the problem
In which stage of the Davenport-Kim model is data collection?
CORRECT ANSWER:
Solving the problem
What is a key reason we study statistics?
CORRECT ANSWER:
To make informed decisions
Visually presenting the data assists in which stage of the Davenport-
Kim model?
CORRECT ANSWER:
Communicating the results
When does research fail to produce reliable results?
,CORRECT ANSWER:
Poor research validity
What are the two major issues surrounding research standards?
CORRECT ANSWER:
Best practices and ethics
In order to be a statistically valid sample, the sample must be:
CORRECT ANSWER:
The appropriate size and random
Not selecting a random sample is what type of bias?
CORRECT ANSWER:
Measurement
Not selecting a right sized sample is what type of bias?
CORRECT ANSWER:
Measurement
Research best practices eliminate...
CORRECT ANSWER:
Bias
Outliers create this type of error
CORRECT ANSWER:
Out-of Range
Unpredictable error
CORRECT ANSWER:
Random Error - No correlation
Error may occur from missing data. (Example: Space not filled in)
,CORRECT ANSWER:
Omission Error - Distorted results
This error repeats itself
CORRECT ANSWER:
Systematic Error - Skewed results
Observation points that are distant from other observations.
CORRECT ANSWER:
Outliers Note: Can be included or excluded in analysis (causes
skewness)
Types of Bias: Bias that occurs from not selecting a random sample
CORRECT ANSWER:
Measurement bias
Types of Bias: Bias introduced because respondents believe it will
be beneficial if selected.
CORRECT ANSWER:
Conscious bias (key word: benefit)
Consistent and repeatable data
CORRECT ANSWER:
Reliable
Resulting from accurate measurements
CORRECT ANSWER:
Valid data
If a responder lies on their survey, this creates what type of bias?
CORRECT ANSWER:
Information
, Sorting your spreadsheet can expose these errors by moving them
to the very top or the very bottom of the column
CORRECT ANSWER:
Omission or Out-of-Range
An error that will fix itself over time
CORRECT ANSWER:
Random
An error that will not fix itself. You must do something
CORRECT ANSWER:
Systematic
Cleaning and organizing data
CORRECT ANSWER:
Data Management
Are the following variable quantitative or qualitative? Personality
type, social class, or communication style
CORRECT ANSWER:
Qualitative
A study used when you a conditions can't be controlled
CORRECT ANSWER:
Observational study
Observes people going forward in time from the time of their entry
into the study.
CORRECT ANSWER:
Cohort Study
What are the three elements of an experimental study?