NURS 5315 Hematology Final Assessment
Practice Questions and Answers
1. Which blood component is primarily responsible for oxygen transport?
A. White blood cells
B. Platelets
• C) Red blood cells
D. Plasma
Rationale: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds oxygen and delivers it to
tissues.
2. A patient with sickle cell disease is most at risk for which complication?
A. Pulmonary embolism
• B) Vaso-occlusive crisis
C. Iron deficiency anemia
D. Hemophilia
Rationale: Sickled RBCs obstruct capillaries, causing ischemia and painful vaso-
occlusive crises.
3. Which lab finding is most consistent with iron deficiency anemia?
A. Elevated ferritin
B. Increased MCV
• C) Low hemoglobin and low ferritin
D. High reticulocyte count
Rationale: Iron deficiency anemia presents with microcytic, hypochromic RBCs and low
ferritin levels.
4. Which condition is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of white blood
cells?
A. Aplastic anemia
• B) Leukemia
C. Hemophilia A
D. Thalassemia
Rationale: Leukemia involves malignant proliferation of immature WBCs, impairing
normal hematopoiesis.
5. Which coagulation factor is deficient in Hemophilia A?
A. Factor IX
• B) Factor VIII
C. Factor V
D. Factor X
Rationale: Hemophilia A results from Factor VIII deficiency, leading to impaired clot
, formation.
6. Which test best evaluates intrinsic pathway clotting function?
A. PT
• B) aPTT
C. INR
D. Bleeding time
Rationale: aPTT measures intrinsic and common pathways, useful for hemophilia and
heparin monitoring.
7. Which therapy is first-line for acute leukemia?
A. Iron supplementation
• B) Chemotherapy
C. Splenectomy
D. Vitamin B12 injections
Rationale: Chemotherapy targets malignant leukocytes to induce remission.
8. Which vitamin deficiency leads to megaloblastic anemia?
A. Vitamin C
• B) Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin D
Rationale: B12 deficiency impairs DNA synthesis, producing large, immature RBCs.
9. Which blood product is indicated for severe thrombocytopenia?
A. Packed RBCs
• B) Platelet transfusion
C. Fresh frozen plasma
D. Cryoprecipitate
Rationale: Platelet transfusion restores clotting ability in patients with dangerously low
platelet counts.
10. Which genetic disorder results in abnormal hemoglobin chains?
A. Hemophilia
• B) Thalassemia
C. Polycythemia vera
D. Leukemia
Rationale: Thalassemia involves defective globin chain synthesis, leading to anemia
and hemolysis.
11. Which condition is associated with Reed-Sternberg cells?
A. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
• B) Hodgkin lymphoma
C. Multiple myeloma
D. Leukemia
Rationale: Reed-Sternberg cells are pathognomonic for Hodgkin lymphoma.
Practice Questions and Answers
1. Which blood component is primarily responsible for oxygen transport?
A. White blood cells
B. Platelets
• C) Red blood cells
D. Plasma
Rationale: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds oxygen and delivers it to
tissues.
2. A patient with sickle cell disease is most at risk for which complication?
A. Pulmonary embolism
• B) Vaso-occlusive crisis
C. Iron deficiency anemia
D. Hemophilia
Rationale: Sickled RBCs obstruct capillaries, causing ischemia and painful vaso-
occlusive crises.
3. Which lab finding is most consistent with iron deficiency anemia?
A. Elevated ferritin
B. Increased MCV
• C) Low hemoglobin and low ferritin
D. High reticulocyte count
Rationale: Iron deficiency anemia presents with microcytic, hypochromic RBCs and low
ferritin levels.
4. Which condition is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of white blood
cells?
A. Aplastic anemia
• B) Leukemia
C. Hemophilia A
D. Thalassemia
Rationale: Leukemia involves malignant proliferation of immature WBCs, impairing
normal hematopoiesis.
5. Which coagulation factor is deficient in Hemophilia A?
A. Factor IX
• B) Factor VIII
C. Factor V
D. Factor X
Rationale: Hemophilia A results from Factor VIII deficiency, leading to impaired clot
, formation.
6. Which test best evaluates intrinsic pathway clotting function?
A. PT
• B) aPTT
C. INR
D. Bleeding time
Rationale: aPTT measures intrinsic and common pathways, useful for hemophilia and
heparin monitoring.
7. Which therapy is first-line for acute leukemia?
A. Iron supplementation
• B) Chemotherapy
C. Splenectomy
D. Vitamin B12 injections
Rationale: Chemotherapy targets malignant leukocytes to induce remission.
8. Which vitamin deficiency leads to megaloblastic anemia?
A. Vitamin C
• B) Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin D
Rationale: B12 deficiency impairs DNA synthesis, producing large, immature RBCs.
9. Which blood product is indicated for severe thrombocytopenia?
A. Packed RBCs
• B) Platelet transfusion
C. Fresh frozen plasma
D. Cryoprecipitate
Rationale: Platelet transfusion restores clotting ability in patients with dangerously low
platelet counts.
10. Which genetic disorder results in abnormal hemoglobin chains?
A. Hemophilia
• B) Thalassemia
C. Polycythemia vera
D. Leukemia
Rationale: Thalassemia involves defective globin chain synthesis, leading to anemia
and hemolysis.
11. Which condition is associated with Reed-Sternberg cells?
A. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
• B) Hodgkin lymphoma
C. Multiple myeloma
D. Leukemia
Rationale: Reed-Sternberg cells are pathognomonic for Hodgkin lymphoma.
