Microbiology FUNDAMENTALS A Clinical Approach
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iqklwn
1. What is microbiology: The study of organisms too small to be seen with the naked eye
2. What are microorganisms also called: Microbes germs agents or bugs
3. Do most microbes cause disease: No only a few cause disease
4. What is the fundamental unit of life: The cell
5. What shared features do cellular microbes have: Cell membrane cytoplasm ribosomes and
DNA chromosome structures
6. What are prokaryotes or akaryotes: Cells without a nucleus
7. What are the two prokaryotic groups: Bacteria and Archaea
8. How do prokaryotes reproduce: Binary fission
9. What are eukaryotes: Cells with a nucleus and organelles
10. What are organelles: Membrane bound structures that perform specific functions
11. Give examples of organelles: Nucleus mitochondria chloroplasts
12. Name eukaryotic microorganisms: Fungi protozoa algae helminths
13. What does acellular or noncellular mean: Lacking cell structures but still showing some life
traits
14. Name two acellular infectious agents: Viruses and prions
15. What is a virus: DNA or RNA inside a protein coat sometimes with a lipid envelope
16. Can a virus have both DNA and RNA: No it has DNA or RNA not both
17. What is a prion: An infectious protein with no nucleic acid
18. Are viruses independently living organisms: No
19. Viruses exist between what two levels of complexity: Between large molecules and cells
20. Prions are simpler than what: Viruses
21. How many major cell lines evolved: Three
22. What are the three major cell lines evolved: Archaea Bacteria and Eukarya
23. Are most microbes unicellular: Yes
24. Which microbes are always unicellular: Bacteria and Archaea
25. Which eukaryotes are single celled: Many fungi protozoa algae
26. Name some multicellular microbes studied in microbiology: Helminths some fungi
and algae
27. Why are microbes easy to study: They reproduce rapidly and can grow in large lab populations
28. Why are microbes difficult to study: They cannot be seen directly and require microscopes and
indirect analysis
1/8
, Microbiology FUNDAMENTALS A Clinical Approach
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iqklwn
29. What do microbiologists study about microbes: Structure function growth physiology
genetics taxonomy evolution interactions
30. What is medical microbiology: The study of pathogens
31. What is public health microbiology and epidemiology: Monitoring and controlling
disease spread in communities
32. What organizations are linked to public health microbiology: USPHS CDC and WHO
U.S. Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, World Health Organization
33. What does immunology study: Mechanisms substances and cells used to fight infection
34. Immunology is important for what: Vaccination blood testing and allergy
35. What is industrial microbiology: The use of microbes in industry including food water and products
36. Industrial microbiology helps safeguard what: Food and water
37. What is biotechnology: Manipulating microbes to make products
38. What is recombinant DNA technology: Transferring genetic material to deliberately alter DNA
39. Genetic engineering manipulates what: Genes of microbes plants and animals to create new
products and GMOs
40. What is a GMO: A genetically modified organism
41. Name 5 products made using industrial microbiology: Amino acids beer drugs enzymes
vitamins
42. Humans have used microbes for how long: Thousands of years
43. Microbes helped make what foods: Bread wine beer cheese
44. Which organism is used to make bread and alcohol: Yeast
45. Other fungi are used to make what: Cheese
46. What historical use involved moldy bread: Egyptians used it to treat wounds
47. What is bioremediation: Using microbes to restore stability or clean up toxic pollutants
48. Bioremediation uses microbes where: In the environment
49. What is agricultural microbiology: Microbes associated with farm animals and crops
50. Environmental microbiology studies what: The effects of microbes on habitats
51. Name environmental microbiology habitats: Aquatic soil geomicrobiology astrobiology
52. What is geomicrobiology: Microbes and geological processes
53. What is astrobiology: The study of life potential beyond Earth including microbes
54. How did microbes shape the earth: They drove evolution of all life and changed ecosystems
55. Ancient cells formed soon after what: Earth formed
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Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iqklwn
1. What is microbiology: The study of organisms too small to be seen with the naked eye
2. What are microorganisms also called: Microbes germs agents or bugs
3. Do most microbes cause disease: No only a few cause disease
4. What is the fundamental unit of life: The cell
5. What shared features do cellular microbes have: Cell membrane cytoplasm ribosomes and
DNA chromosome structures
6. What are prokaryotes or akaryotes: Cells without a nucleus
7. What are the two prokaryotic groups: Bacteria and Archaea
8. How do prokaryotes reproduce: Binary fission
9. What are eukaryotes: Cells with a nucleus and organelles
10. What are organelles: Membrane bound structures that perform specific functions
11. Give examples of organelles: Nucleus mitochondria chloroplasts
12. Name eukaryotic microorganisms: Fungi protozoa algae helminths
13. What does acellular or noncellular mean: Lacking cell structures but still showing some life
traits
14. Name two acellular infectious agents: Viruses and prions
15. What is a virus: DNA or RNA inside a protein coat sometimes with a lipid envelope
16. Can a virus have both DNA and RNA: No it has DNA or RNA not both
17. What is a prion: An infectious protein with no nucleic acid
18. Are viruses independently living organisms: No
19. Viruses exist between what two levels of complexity: Between large molecules and cells
20. Prions are simpler than what: Viruses
21. How many major cell lines evolved: Three
22. What are the three major cell lines evolved: Archaea Bacteria and Eukarya
23. Are most microbes unicellular: Yes
24. Which microbes are always unicellular: Bacteria and Archaea
25. Which eukaryotes are single celled: Many fungi protozoa algae
26. Name some multicellular microbes studied in microbiology: Helminths some fungi
and algae
27. Why are microbes easy to study: They reproduce rapidly and can grow in large lab populations
28. Why are microbes difficult to study: They cannot be seen directly and require microscopes and
indirect analysis
1/8
, Microbiology FUNDAMENTALS A Clinical Approach
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iqklwn
29. What do microbiologists study about microbes: Structure function growth physiology
genetics taxonomy evolution interactions
30. What is medical microbiology: The study of pathogens
31. What is public health microbiology and epidemiology: Monitoring and controlling
disease spread in communities
32. What organizations are linked to public health microbiology: USPHS CDC and WHO
U.S. Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, World Health Organization
33. What does immunology study: Mechanisms substances and cells used to fight infection
34. Immunology is important for what: Vaccination blood testing and allergy
35. What is industrial microbiology: The use of microbes in industry including food water and products
36. Industrial microbiology helps safeguard what: Food and water
37. What is biotechnology: Manipulating microbes to make products
38. What is recombinant DNA technology: Transferring genetic material to deliberately alter DNA
39. Genetic engineering manipulates what: Genes of microbes plants and animals to create new
products and GMOs
40. What is a GMO: A genetically modified organism
41. Name 5 products made using industrial microbiology: Amino acids beer drugs enzymes
vitamins
42. Humans have used microbes for how long: Thousands of years
43. Microbes helped make what foods: Bread wine beer cheese
44. Which organism is used to make bread and alcohol: Yeast
45. Other fungi are used to make what: Cheese
46. What historical use involved moldy bread: Egyptians used it to treat wounds
47. What is bioremediation: Using microbes to restore stability or clean up toxic pollutants
48. Bioremediation uses microbes where: In the environment
49. What is agricultural microbiology: Microbes associated with farm animals and crops
50. Environmental microbiology studies what: The effects of microbes on habitats
51. Name environmental microbiology habitats: Aquatic soil geomicrobiology astrobiology
52. What is geomicrobiology: Microbes and geological processes
53. What is astrobiology: The study of life potential beyond Earth including microbes
54. How did microbes shape the earth: They drove evolution of all life and changed ecosystems
55. Ancient cells formed soon after what: Earth formed
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