Microbiology Fundamentals - A Clinical Approach - Chapter 6
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1. Active Transport: Nutrient transport method that requires carrier proteins in the membranes of the living
cells and the expenditure of energy.
2. Antagonism: Relationship in which microorganisms compete for survival in a common environment by taking
actions that inhibit or destroy another organism.
3. Autotroph: A microorganism that requires only inorganic nutrients and whose sole source of carbon is carbon
dioxide.
4. Binary Fission: The formation of two new cells of approximately equal size as the result of parent cell division.
5. Biofilms: A complex association that arises from a mixture of microorganisms growing together on the surface
of a habitat.
6. Chemotrophs: Organism that oxidizes compounds to feed on nutrients.
7. Commensalism: An unequal relationship in which one species derives benefit without harming the other.
8. Diffusion: The dispersal of molecules, ions, or microscopic particles propelled down a concentration gradient
by spontaneous random motion to achieve a uniform distribution.
9. Essential Nutrients: Any ingredient such as a certain amino acid, fatty acid, vitamin, or mineral that cannot
be formed by an organism and must be supplied in the diet. A growth factor.
10. Growth Curve: A graphical representation of the change in population size over time. This graph has 4
periods known as lag phase, exponential or log phase, stationary phase, and death phase.
11. Halophiles: A microbe whose growth is either stimulated by salt or requires a high concentration of salt for
growth.
12. Heterotrophs: An organism that relies upon organic compounds for its carbon and energy needs.
13. Hypertonic: Having a greater osmotic pressure than a reference solution.
14. Hypotonic: Having a lower osmotic pressure than a reference solution.
15. Isotonic: Two solutions having the same osmotic pressure such that, when separated by a semipermeable
membrane, there is no net movement of solvent in either direction.
16. Mesophiles: Microorganisms that grow at intermediate temperatures.
17. Mutualism: Organisms living in an obligatory but mutually beneficial relationship.
18. Optimum Temperature: The temperature at which a species shows the most rapid growth rate.
19. Osmosis: The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane in the direction of lower water
concentration.
20. Parasites: An organism that lives on or within another organism (the host) from which it obtains nutrients and
enjoys protection. The parasite produces some degree of harm in the host.
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Study online at https://quizlet.com/_34i19g
1. Active Transport: Nutrient transport method that requires carrier proteins in the membranes of the living
cells and the expenditure of energy.
2. Antagonism: Relationship in which microorganisms compete for survival in a common environment by taking
actions that inhibit or destroy another organism.
3. Autotroph: A microorganism that requires only inorganic nutrients and whose sole source of carbon is carbon
dioxide.
4. Binary Fission: The formation of two new cells of approximately equal size as the result of parent cell division.
5. Biofilms: A complex association that arises from a mixture of microorganisms growing together on the surface
of a habitat.
6. Chemotrophs: Organism that oxidizes compounds to feed on nutrients.
7. Commensalism: An unequal relationship in which one species derives benefit without harming the other.
8. Diffusion: The dispersal of molecules, ions, or microscopic particles propelled down a concentration gradient
by spontaneous random motion to achieve a uniform distribution.
9. Essential Nutrients: Any ingredient such as a certain amino acid, fatty acid, vitamin, or mineral that cannot
be formed by an organism and must be supplied in the diet. A growth factor.
10. Growth Curve: A graphical representation of the change in population size over time. This graph has 4
periods known as lag phase, exponential or log phase, stationary phase, and death phase.
11. Halophiles: A microbe whose growth is either stimulated by salt or requires a high concentration of salt for
growth.
12. Heterotrophs: An organism that relies upon organic compounds for its carbon and energy needs.
13. Hypertonic: Having a greater osmotic pressure than a reference solution.
14. Hypotonic: Having a lower osmotic pressure than a reference solution.
15. Isotonic: Two solutions having the same osmotic pressure such that, when separated by a semipermeable
membrane, there is no net movement of solvent in either direction.
16. Mesophiles: Microorganisms that grow at intermediate temperatures.
17. Mutualism: Organisms living in an obligatory but mutually beneficial relationship.
18. Optimum Temperature: The temperature at which a species shows the most rapid growth rate.
19. Osmosis: The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane in the direction of lower water
concentration.
20. Parasites: An organism that lives on or within another organism (the host) from which it obtains nutrients and
enjoys protection. The parasite produces some degree of harm in the host.
1/2
