BTEC APPLIED SCIENCE UNIT 1
BIOLOGY LATEST ACTUAL
EXAM UPDATE 2026
QUESTIONDescribe the function of the tonoplasts - answer-
Membrane the surrounds the vacuole. Protects the vacuole,
isolates it from harmful substances and controls water flow in and
out of the vacuole
QUESTIONWhy are gram positive bacteria more susceptible to
antibiotics? - answer-Permeable cell wall whereas gram negative
bacteria has a semi-permeable cell wall
QUESTIONDescribe the adaptations found in a palisade cell -
answer-Closely packed together
Chloroplasts
Large vacuole
QUESTIONExplain why the palisade cell has a large amount of
chloroplasts - answer-To absorb lots of light for photosynthesis
Describe the function of the nucleolus - answer-Produces
ribosomes and RNA
QUESTIONDescribe the function of the cell wall - answer-
Provides rigidity and protection to the cell
QUESTIONDescribe the function of the chloroplasts - answer-Site
of photosynthesis as they contain chlorophyll
, QUESTIONDescribe the function of the plasmodesmata - answer-
A channel through the cell wall the allows transport of materials
from one cell to another
QUESTIONDescribe the function of the amyoplasts - answer-
Stores starch and converts starch back into glucose when the
plant needs energy
QUESTIONDescribe the function of the vacuole - answer-Stores
water and chemicals for cell use. Also maintains turgor of cell
QUESTIONExplain why palisade cells are closely packed
together - answer-To form a continuous layer in the leaf
QUESTIONExplain why palisade cells have a large vacuole -
answer-To maintain turgor (pushes against the cell wall to
maintain rigid shape)
QUESTIONDescribe the adaptations of a root hair cell - answer-
Root hair shape
Large vacuole
Thin cellulose walls
QUESTIONExplain why root hair cells have an elongated section
known as the root hair - answer-Increased surface area for
maximum movement of water into the cell
QUESTIONExplain why root hair cells have a large vacuole -
answer-Contains cell sap with low water potential to encourage
water into the cell
QUESTIONExplain why root hair cells have thin cellulose walls -
answer-Encourage movement of water and minerals into the cell.
Short distance for osmosis and diffusion
BIOLOGY LATEST ACTUAL
EXAM UPDATE 2026
QUESTIONDescribe the function of the tonoplasts - answer-
Membrane the surrounds the vacuole. Protects the vacuole,
isolates it from harmful substances and controls water flow in and
out of the vacuole
QUESTIONWhy are gram positive bacteria more susceptible to
antibiotics? - answer-Permeable cell wall whereas gram negative
bacteria has a semi-permeable cell wall
QUESTIONDescribe the adaptations found in a palisade cell -
answer-Closely packed together
Chloroplasts
Large vacuole
QUESTIONExplain why the palisade cell has a large amount of
chloroplasts - answer-To absorb lots of light for photosynthesis
Describe the function of the nucleolus - answer-Produces
ribosomes and RNA
QUESTIONDescribe the function of the cell wall - answer-
Provides rigidity and protection to the cell
QUESTIONDescribe the function of the chloroplasts - answer-Site
of photosynthesis as they contain chlorophyll
, QUESTIONDescribe the function of the plasmodesmata - answer-
A channel through the cell wall the allows transport of materials
from one cell to another
QUESTIONDescribe the function of the amyoplasts - answer-
Stores starch and converts starch back into glucose when the
plant needs energy
QUESTIONDescribe the function of the vacuole - answer-Stores
water and chemicals for cell use. Also maintains turgor of cell
QUESTIONExplain why palisade cells are closely packed
together - answer-To form a continuous layer in the leaf
QUESTIONExplain why palisade cells have a large vacuole -
answer-To maintain turgor (pushes against the cell wall to
maintain rigid shape)
QUESTIONDescribe the adaptations of a root hair cell - answer-
Root hair shape
Large vacuole
Thin cellulose walls
QUESTIONExplain why root hair cells have an elongated section
known as the root hair - answer-Increased surface area for
maximum movement of water into the cell
QUESTIONExplain why root hair cells have a large vacuole -
answer-Contains cell sap with low water potential to encourage
water into the cell
QUESTIONExplain why root hair cells have thin cellulose walls -
answer-Encourage movement of water and minerals into the cell.
Short distance for osmosis and diffusion
