Test Bank for Anatomy & Physiology An Integrative Approach 4th Edition Michael P. McKinley Valerie O'Loughlin Theresa Bidle Verified Answers Latest

TEST BANK FOR ANATOMY &
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PHYSIOLOGY AN INTEGRATIVE
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APPROACH, 4TH EDITION BY MICHAEL P.,
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VALERIE Ht



QUESTIONS & 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS AND
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RATIONALES | GRADED A+ H t Ht Ht

,CHAPTER 1 — THE STUDY OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
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1. A nurse is teaching a newly admitted patient the meaning of
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homeostasis. Which statement by the patient indicates correct
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understanding?
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A. “Homeostasis means my body will never change.” Ht Ht Ht Ht Ht Ht


B. “Homeostasis means my internal conditions stay relatively stable.”
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C. “Homeostasis means my body temperature must be exactly the same
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at all times.”
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D. “Homeostasis means I cannot get sick.” Ht Ht Ht Ht Ht


Answer: B. Ht


Rationale: Homeostasis refers to maintaining internal conditions within a
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relatively stable range, not absolute unchanging values. Choices A and C
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are absolute statements and incorrect; D is false.
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2. Which organizational level is directly above the tissue level?
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A. Molecule
B. Cell
C. Organ
D. Organism
Answer: C. Ht


Rationale: Levels: molecule → organelle → cell → tissue → organ →
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organ system → organism. The organ level is directly above tissue.
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3. A patient’s arterial blood gas shows a pH of 7.32. Which term best
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describes this condition?
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A. Normal
B. Alkalosis
C. Acidosis
D. Hypoxia
Answer: C. Ht


Rationale: Normal pH ~7.35–7.45. pH 7.32 is below normal = acidosis.
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Hypoxia relates to oxygen, not pH.
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4. In a negative feedback loop that controls body temperature,
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which component detects the change?
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A. Effector
B. Integrating center Ht


C. Receptor
D. Stimulus

, Answer: C. Ht


Rationale: Receptors detect changes (e.g., thermoreceptors detect
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temperature). Integrating center (hypothalamus) compares input and
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signals effectors that enact changes.
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5. Scenario: A patient’s blood pressure falls. The baroreceptors in the
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carotid sinuses sense this and increase sympathetic output to the heart.
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What role do the heart and blood vessels play in this feedback loop?
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A. Stimulus
B. Receptor
C. Integrating center Ht


D. Effector
Answer: D. Ht


Rationale: Effectors carry out the response (increase heart
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rate/vasoconstriction) to restore blood pressure.
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6. Which body plane divides the body into left and right portions?
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A. Frontal (coronal) Ht


B. Transverse
C. Sagittal
D. Oblique
Answer: C. Ht


Rationale: Sagittal plane divides left/right; frontal divides anterior/posterior;
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transverse divides superior/inferior.
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7. Which of the following terms correctly describes the location of the
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wrist relative to the elbow?
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A. Proximal
B. Distal
C. Medial
D. Superior
Answer: B. Ht


Rationale: Distal = farther from trunk or point of origin; wrist is distal
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to elbow.
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8. During a physical exam, the clinician palpates the epigastric region.
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Which organ is most likely to be located there?
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A. Spleen
B. Stomach

, C. Cecum
D. Urinary bladder Ht


Answer: B. Ht


Rationale: Epigastric region overlies stomach (superior to umbilical region).
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Spleen is left hypochondriac; cecum is right iliac; bladder is suprapubic.
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9. Which body cavity contains the heart and lungs?
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A. Cranial cavity Ht


B. Thoracic cavity Ht


C. Abdominopelvic cavity Ht


D. Spinal cavity Ht


Answer: B. Ht


Rationale: Thoracic cavity houses lungs and heart (within mediastinum).
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Cranial is brain, abdominopelvic holds abdominal and pelvic organs.
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10. Which of the following best describes a positive feedback mechanism?
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A. It always restores homeostasis.
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B. It amplifies an initial change, often moving system away from
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starting point.
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C. It prevents changes in the internal environment.
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D. It is the most common mechanism for long-term control.
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Answer: B. Ht


Rationale: Positive feedback amplifies changes (e.g., oxytocin in
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Htlabor). It may move the system away from baseline until an external
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Htinterrupt occurs. Ht




11. A patient is lying face down. What is the correct term for this body
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position?
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A. Supine
B. Prone
C. Lateral
D. Fowler’s
Answer: B. Ht


Rationale: Prone = lying on abdomen (face down). Supine = face up.
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12. Which of the following is an example of an anatomic variation
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Htamong healthy individuals?
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A. Situs inversus (complete reversal of organ positions)
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B. Polydactyly (extra fingers) causing dysfunction Ht Ht Ht Ht


C. One kidney smaller than the other but normal function
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D. Absence of a lung Ht Ht Ht