Nursing 640 exam 1 actual questions and verified answers
Elements impacting care quality - ANSWER: Structural elements,Process, outcome
Promoting quality improvement - ANSWER: Rationing, education, feedback,
incentives, penalties, public reporting
Readmission risk - ANSWER: Increased Chronic condition leads to increased of
hospital admission and his number one hospital missions.
CMS supports readmission reduction - ANSWER: Reduces Medicare spending
Hospital discharges Factors that lead to increased readmission risk - ANSWER:
Facility factors: Handoff affairs
Patient factors: health literacy adherents
Disease factors:Known adverse outcomes of acute diseases
Risk reduction strategies - ANSWER: Screening for high-risk patients, improved
communication, improved patient resources, improved clinical resources
Safety: types of errors - ANSWER: Diagnostic
Treatment
Preventative
Other i.e Equipment failure system failure
Human/contributions to era - ANSWER: Fatigue
transitional care
interruption
complexity a data/ care
,Safety and prevent strategies - ANSWER: Maintain safety culture
Learn from errors
Raise the bar for performance standards
The prevent safety systems within healthcare
One example of safety - ANSWER: Josie King accidental overdose of pain medicine
in the hospital
Acute-care treatment goals - ANSWER: Recovery, cure
Chronic care treatment goals - ANSWER: Control disease symptoms/defects, slow
to disease progression, reduce morbidity and mortality
Prevention treatment goals - ANSWER: Prevent disease development
Hypoxemia - ANSWER: decreased level of oxygen in the blood
Hypoxia - ANSWER: Low oxygen in body organs
Oxygenation - ANSWER: the process of delivering oxygen to the blood
PaO2 - ANSWER: partial pressure of oxygen < 80mmhg
PaO2/FiO2 ratio - ANSWER: (PaO2 divided by the FIO2) Essentially an "efficiency"
rating of pulmonary oxygen exchange used in critically ill patients receiving more
than 50% FIO2, & whose PaO2 ≤ 100 mmHg. <300mmhg
SpO2 (saturation of peripheral oxygen) - ANSWER: abbreviation for the percentage
of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen in arterial blood as measured by a
pulse oximeter
Hypoxemia: Decreased O2 in the blood Mechanisms - ANSWER: Hyperventilation
, VQ mismatch (PE)
Right to left shunt (ARDS)
Reduced inspired O2
Pulse oximetry - ANSWER: noninvasive technique that measures the oxygen
saturation (SaO2) of arterial blood
Pulse ox symmetry limitations - ANSWER: SpO2< 80%, Movement, Bright light
Interference, Finger-nail polish, Decreased hemoglobin, Reduce blood flow
Pulse ox advantages - ANSWER: Rapid, noninvasive, continuous monitoring.
Pulse ox inaccuracies - ANSWER: Signal issues, hypoperfusion, Hypothermia,
Anemia, Dyes, Abnormal Hgb (CarboxyHgb, HgbA1C > 7, methemaglobin, sickle cell)
Acid-base disorder Correction - ANSWER: Lungs= elimination/retention of CO2:
minutes-hours
Kidneys= Bicarb elimination/retention: hours to days
Normal pH of blood - ANSWER: 7.35-7.45
Normal PaCO2 range for ABG? - ANSWER: 35 - 45
Normal PaO2 - ANSWER: 80-100 mmhg
HCO3 - ANSWER: 22-26
SaO2 - ANSWER: 95-100%
Indications for ABG - ANSWER: -Assess the ventilatory status, oxygenation and acid
base status
Elements impacting care quality - ANSWER: Structural elements,Process, outcome
Promoting quality improvement - ANSWER: Rationing, education, feedback,
incentives, penalties, public reporting
Readmission risk - ANSWER: Increased Chronic condition leads to increased of
hospital admission and his number one hospital missions.
CMS supports readmission reduction - ANSWER: Reduces Medicare spending
Hospital discharges Factors that lead to increased readmission risk - ANSWER:
Facility factors: Handoff affairs
Patient factors: health literacy adherents
Disease factors:Known adverse outcomes of acute diseases
Risk reduction strategies - ANSWER: Screening for high-risk patients, improved
communication, improved patient resources, improved clinical resources
Safety: types of errors - ANSWER: Diagnostic
Treatment
Preventative
Other i.e Equipment failure system failure
Human/contributions to era - ANSWER: Fatigue
transitional care
interruption
complexity a data/ care
,Safety and prevent strategies - ANSWER: Maintain safety culture
Learn from errors
Raise the bar for performance standards
The prevent safety systems within healthcare
One example of safety - ANSWER: Josie King accidental overdose of pain medicine
in the hospital
Acute-care treatment goals - ANSWER: Recovery, cure
Chronic care treatment goals - ANSWER: Control disease symptoms/defects, slow
to disease progression, reduce morbidity and mortality
Prevention treatment goals - ANSWER: Prevent disease development
Hypoxemia - ANSWER: decreased level of oxygen in the blood
Hypoxia - ANSWER: Low oxygen in body organs
Oxygenation - ANSWER: the process of delivering oxygen to the blood
PaO2 - ANSWER: partial pressure of oxygen < 80mmhg
PaO2/FiO2 ratio - ANSWER: (PaO2 divided by the FIO2) Essentially an "efficiency"
rating of pulmonary oxygen exchange used in critically ill patients receiving more
than 50% FIO2, & whose PaO2 ≤ 100 mmHg. <300mmhg
SpO2 (saturation of peripheral oxygen) - ANSWER: abbreviation for the percentage
of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen in arterial blood as measured by a
pulse oximeter
Hypoxemia: Decreased O2 in the blood Mechanisms - ANSWER: Hyperventilation
, VQ mismatch (PE)
Right to left shunt (ARDS)
Reduced inspired O2
Pulse oximetry - ANSWER: noninvasive technique that measures the oxygen
saturation (SaO2) of arterial blood
Pulse ox symmetry limitations - ANSWER: SpO2< 80%, Movement, Bright light
Interference, Finger-nail polish, Decreased hemoglobin, Reduce blood flow
Pulse ox advantages - ANSWER: Rapid, noninvasive, continuous monitoring.
Pulse ox inaccuracies - ANSWER: Signal issues, hypoperfusion, Hypothermia,
Anemia, Dyes, Abnormal Hgb (CarboxyHgb, HgbA1C > 7, methemaglobin, sickle cell)
Acid-base disorder Correction - ANSWER: Lungs= elimination/retention of CO2:
minutes-hours
Kidneys= Bicarb elimination/retention: hours to days
Normal pH of blood - ANSWER: 7.35-7.45
Normal PaCO2 range for ABG? - ANSWER: 35 - 45
Normal PaO2 - ANSWER: 80-100 mmhg
HCO3 - ANSWER: 22-26
SaO2 - ANSWER: 95-100%
Indications for ABG - ANSWER: -Assess the ventilatory status, oxygenation and acid
base status
