Learning - ANSWER a relatively permanent change in behavior, knowledge, capability,
or attitude that is acquired through experience and cannot be attributed to illness, injury, or
maturation.
Classical conditioning - ANSWER a type of learning through which an organism learns
to associate one stimulus with another.
Stimulus - ANSWER any event or object in the environment to which an organism
responds
Reflex - ANSWER an involuntary response to a particular stimulus, such as the eyenlink
response to a puff of air or salibation when food is placed in the mouth
Conditioned reflex - ANSWER a learned involuntary response
Unconditioned response - ANSWER a response that is elicited by an unconditioned
stimulus without prior learning
Unconditioned stimulus - ANSWER a stimulus that elicits a specific unconditioned
response withouth prior learning
Conditioned response - ANSWER the learned response that comes to be elicited by a
conditioned stimulus as a result of its repeated pairing with an unconditioned stimulus
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, Conditioned stimulus - ANSWER a neutral stimulus that, after repeated pairing with an
unconditioned stimulus, becomes associated with it and elicits a conditioned response.
Higher-order conditioning - ANSWER conditioning that occurs when conditioned
stimuli are linked together to form a series of signals
Extinction - ANSWER in classical conditioning, the weakening and eventual
disappearance of the conditioned response as a result of repeated presentation of the
conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned response.
Generalization - ANSWER in classical conditioning, the tendency to make a
conditioned response to a stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus
Discrimination - ANSWER the learned ability to distinguish between similar stimuli so
that the conditioned response occurs only to the original conditioned stimulus but not to
similar stimuli
Taste aversions - ANSWER the intense dislike and/or avoidance of a particular food
that has been associated with nausea or discomfort
Trial-and-error learning - ANSWER learning that occurs when a response is associated
with a successful solution to a problem after a number of unsuccessful responses
Law of effect - ANSWER one of Thorndike's laws of learning, which states that the
consequence, or effect, of a response will determine whether the tendency to respond in
the same way in the future will be strengthened or weakened.
Operant conditioning - ANSWER a type of learning in which the consequences of
behavior are manipulated in order to increase or decrease the frequency of an existing
response or to shape an entirely new response
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or attitude that is acquired through experience and cannot be attributed to illness, injury, or
maturation.
Classical conditioning - ANSWER a type of learning through which an organism learns
to associate one stimulus with another.
Stimulus - ANSWER any event or object in the environment to which an organism
responds
Reflex - ANSWER an involuntary response to a particular stimulus, such as the eyenlink
response to a puff of air or salibation when food is placed in the mouth
Conditioned reflex - ANSWER a learned involuntary response
Unconditioned response - ANSWER a response that is elicited by an unconditioned
stimulus without prior learning
Unconditioned stimulus - ANSWER a stimulus that elicits a specific unconditioned
response withouth prior learning
Conditioned response - ANSWER the learned response that comes to be elicited by a
conditioned stimulus as a result of its repeated pairing with an unconditioned stimulus
1
, Conditioned stimulus - ANSWER a neutral stimulus that, after repeated pairing with an
unconditioned stimulus, becomes associated with it and elicits a conditioned response.
Higher-order conditioning - ANSWER conditioning that occurs when conditioned
stimuli are linked together to form a series of signals
Extinction - ANSWER in classical conditioning, the weakening and eventual
disappearance of the conditioned response as a result of repeated presentation of the
conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned response.
Generalization - ANSWER in classical conditioning, the tendency to make a
conditioned response to a stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus
Discrimination - ANSWER the learned ability to distinguish between similar stimuli so
that the conditioned response occurs only to the original conditioned stimulus but not to
similar stimuli
Taste aversions - ANSWER the intense dislike and/or avoidance of a particular food
that has been associated with nausea or discomfort
Trial-and-error learning - ANSWER learning that occurs when a response is associated
with a successful solution to a problem after a number of unsuccessful responses
Law of effect - ANSWER one of Thorndike's laws of learning, which states that the
consequence, or effect, of a response will determine whether the tendency to respond in
the same way in the future will be strengthened or weakened.
Operant conditioning - ANSWER a type of learning in which the consequences of
behavior are manipulated in order to increase or decrease the frequency of an existing
response or to shape an entirely new response
2
