NUR 101 HESI Pharmacology Version 1 – Questions
and answers 1 through 100 with Rationales Attained
Grade A+ New Update 2022
The nurse is reviewing the results of serum laboratory studies
drawn on a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
who is receiving didanosine (Videx). The nurse interprets that
the client may have the medication discontinued by the health
care provider if which of the following significantly elevated
results is noted?
1. Serum protein
1. Blood glucose
2. Serum amylase
3. Serum creatinine 3.
Serumamylase Rationale:
Didanosine (Videx) can cause pancreatitis. A serum amylase level
that isincreased
1.5 to 2 times normal may signify pancreatitis in the client
with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and is
potentially fatal. Themedication may have to be
discontinued. The medication is also hepatotoxic and can
result in liver failure.
The nurse is caring for a postrenal transplant client taking
cyclosporine (Sandimmune, Gengraf, Neoral). The nurse notes
an increase in one of the client's vital signs, and the client is
,NUR 101 HESI Pharmacology Version 1 – Questions
and answers 1 through 100 with Rationales Attained
Grade A+ New Update 2022
complaining ofa headache. What is the vital sign that is most
likely increased?
1. Pulse
1. Respirations
2. Blood pressure
3. Pulse oximetry 3.
Bloodpressure
Rationale:
Hypertension can occur in a client taking cyclosporine
(Sandimmune,Gengraf, Neoral), and because this client is also
complaining of a headache, the blood pressure is the vital sign
to be monitoring most closely. Other adverse effects include
infection, nephrotoxicity, and hirsutism. Options 1, 2, and 4 are
unrelated to the use of this medication.
Amikacin (Amikin) is prescribed for a client with a bacterial
infection. The client is instructed to contact the health care
provider(HCP) immediately if which of the following occurs?
1. Nausea
1. Lethargy
2. Hearing loss
,NUR 101 HESI Pharmacology Version 1 – Questions
and answers 1 through 100 with Rationales Attained
Grade A+ New Update 2022
3. Muscle aches 3.
Hearingloss Rationale:
Amikacin (Amikin) is an aminoglycoside. Adverse effects of
aminoglycosides include ototoxicity (hearing problems),
confusion, disorientation, gastrointestinal irritation, palpitations,
blood pressure changes, nephrotoxicity, and hypersensitivity.
The nurse instructs the client to report hearing loss to the HCP
immediately. Lethargy and muscle aches are not associated
with the use of this medication. It is notnecessary to contact
the HCP immediately if nausea occurs. If nausea persists or
results in vomiting, the HCP should be notified.
**(most aminoglycoside medication names end in the letters -
cin)**
The nurse is assigned to care for a client with cytomegalovirus
retinitis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who is
receiving foscarnet. The nurse should check the latest results of
which of the following laboratory studies while the client is
taking this medication?
1. CD4 cell count
1. Serum albumin
2. Serum creatinine
, NUR 101 HESI Pharmacology Version 1 – Questions
and answers 1 through 100 with Rationales Attained
Grade A+ New Update 2022
3. Lymphocyte count 3.
Serumcreatinine Rationale:
Foscarnet is toxic to the kidneys. Serum creatinine is
monitored beforetherapy, two to three times per week
during induction therapy, and at least weekly during
maintenance therapy. Foscarnet may also cause decreased
levels of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium.
Thus these levels are also measured with the same
frequency.
The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and
Pneumocystis jiroveci infection has been receiving pentamidine
isethionate (Pentam 300). The client develops a temperature of
101° F.The nurse does further monitoring of the client, knowing
that this sign would most likely indicate:
1. The dose of the medication is too low.
1. The client is experiencing toxic effects of the medication.
2. The client has developed inadequacy of thermoregulation.
3. The result of another infection caused by leukopenic
effects of themedication.
4. The result of another infection caused by leukopenic
effects ofthe medication.
and answers 1 through 100 with Rationales Attained
Grade A+ New Update 2022
The nurse is reviewing the results of serum laboratory studies
drawn on a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
who is receiving didanosine (Videx). The nurse interprets that
the client may have the medication discontinued by the health
care provider if which of the following significantly elevated
results is noted?
1. Serum protein
1. Blood glucose
2. Serum amylase
3. Serum creatinine 3.
Serumamylase Rationale:
Didanosine (Videx) can cause pancreatitis. A serum amylase level
that isincreased
1.5 to 2 times normal may signify pancreatitis in the client
with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and is
potentially fatal. Themedication may have to be
discontinued. The medication is also hepatotoxic and can
result in liver failure.
The nurse is caring for a postrenal transplant client taking
cyclosporine (Sandimmune, Gengraf, Neoral). The nurse notes
an increase in one of the client's vital signs, and the client is
,NUR 101 HESI Pharmacology Version 1 – Questions
and answers 1 through 100 with Rationales Attained
Grade A+ New Update 2022
complaining ofa headache. What is the vital sign that is most
likely increased?
1. Pulse
1. Respirations
2. Blood pressure
3. Pulse oximetry 3.
Bloodpressure
Rationale:
Hypertension can occur in a client taking cyclosporine
(Sandimmune,Gengraf, Neoral), and because this client is also
complaining of a headache, the blood pressure is the vital sign
to be monitoring most closely. Other adverse effects include
infection, nephrotoxicity, and hirsutism. Options 1, 2, and 4 are
unrelated to the use of this medication.
Amikacin (Amikin) is prescribed for a client with a bacterial
infection. The client is instructed to contact the health care
provider(HCP) immediately if which of the following occurs?
1. Nausea
1. Lethargy
2. Hearing loss
,NUR 101 HESI Pharmacology Version 1 – Questions
and answers 1 through 100 with Rationales Attained
Grade A+ New Update 2022
3. Muscle aches 3.
Hearingloss Rationale:
Amikacin (Amikin) is an aminoglycoside. Adverse effects of
aminoglycosides include ototoxicity (hearing problems),
confusion, disorientation, gastrointestinal irritation, palpitations,
blood pressure changes, nephrotoxicity, and hypersensitivity.
The nurse instructs the client to report hearing loss to the HCP
immediately. Lethargy and muscle aches are not associated
with the use of this medication. It is notnecessary to contact
the HCP immediately if nausea occurs. If nausea persists or
results in vomiting, the HCP should be notified.
**(most aminoglycoside medication names end in the letters -
cin)**
The nurse is assigned to care for a client with cytomegalovirus
retinitis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who is
receiving foscarnet. The nurse should check the latest results of
which of the following laboratory studies while the client is
taking this medication?
1. CD4 cell count
1. Serum albumin
2. Serum creatinine
, NUR 101 HESI Pharmacology Version 1 – Questions
and answers 1 through 100 with Rationales Attained
Grade A+ New Update 2022
3. Lymphocyte count 3.
Serumcreatinine Rationale:
Foscarnet is toxic to the kidneys. Serum creatinine is
monitored beforetherapy, two to three times per week
during induction therapy, and at least weekly during
maintenance therapy. Foscarnet may also cause decreased
levels of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium.
Thus these levels are also measured with the same
frequency.
The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and
Pneumocystis jiroveci infection has been receiving pentamidine
isethionate (Pentam 300). The client develops a temperature of
101° F.The nurse does further monitoring of the client, knowing
that this sign would most likely indicate:
1. The dose of the medication is too low.
1. The client is experiencing toxic effects of the medication.
2. The client has developed inadequacy of thermoregulation.
3. The result of another infection caused by leukopenic
effects of themedication.
4. The result of another infection caused by leukopenic
effects ofthe medication.
